Diagnostics of the health of hardware and software. Computer diagnostics for malfunctions Antivirus installation and prevention

As practice shows, the capabilities of their own computer suit users only for the time being - sooner or later they have to resort to an upgrade. Everything is tritely simple - new versions of the OS and applications used, as a rule, require more and more resources. The easiest way to upgrade your PC is to purchase a new system unit with a modern “stuffing”, which, if you have money, is not difficult. However, this is not always reasonable - often, to improve performance, it is enough to resort to replacing individual components.

To choose an upgrade strategy, you need to find out what hardware is installed and understand what your computer lacks for faster operation - processor power, video system capabilities, memory sizes, hard disk read / write data speed, etc. But this is only one side of the coin. After acquiring a new system unit or upgrading an old one, you will need to quickly find out whether the “stuffing” of the system unit corresponds to the one declared upon purchase (without opening the unit itself, since there may be a seal on it), evaluate how much the performance has increased, and understand whether the computer is really stable works.

Any professional assembler (and all fans of overclocking) can easily solve the above tasks, since he has a lot of various and highly specialized information and diagnostic tools in his arsenal. An ordinary user does not need to acquire such solutions, however, it is still necessary to install a simple comprehensive utility to obtain information about the hardware and test the computer. It is these programs that we will consider in this article.

Get hardware information

Theoretically, any information and diagnostic utility is able to recognize the "stuffing" of the system unit. However, not every program is able to identify new models of processors, video cards and other hardware (it all depends on the completeness of the database and the regularity of its updates), and the amount of information on identified components can be different - from minimal to exhaustive.

Among the considered solutions, the program has the most detailed information. AIDA64, which knows almost everything about any hardware, including the latest innovations. For example, this utility will be able to recognize the recently released Intel 510 and 320 SSDs, AMD Radeon HD 6790 and NVIDIA GeForce GT 520M graphics cards, NVIDIA's five new Quadro M series mobile graphics cards, etc.

Using AIDA64, you can easily find out everything about the processor, motherboard, video card, network adapter, drives (including the latest SSDs) and input devices, multimedia, as well as ports, external connected devices and power management. The program is able to determine the type of flash memory, controller model (it supports reading SMART information from controllers manufactured by Indilinx, Intel, JMicron, Samsung and SandForce) and data transfer rate. Moreover, the utility recognizes USB 3.0 controllers and devices compatible with this new standard.

The amount of data provided by AIDA64 is impressive - access to them is provided from the tree-like menu of sections that unite the main modules of the program. Yes, through the section A computer it is easy to get aggregate information about hardware components, system and BIOS, as well as data on processor overclocking, power supply features, the status of system hardware monitoring sensors, etc. (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Computer Summary Information (AIDA64)

Other "iron" sections provide more detailed information - so in the section Motherboard provides detailed information about the CPU, motherboard, memory, BIOS, and more. Display it is easy to get information related to the graphical interface of the system (in particular, data on the video adapter and monitor - Fig. 2), and in the section Multimedia learn about the multimedia capabilities of the system (multimedia devices and installed audio and video codecs).

Rice. 2. Video card data (AIDA64)

In chapter Data storage provides information about hard drives and optical drives, as well as the logical and physical structure of hard drives, values ​​and statuses of SMART parameters. You can find information about network adapters in the section Net, but about tires, ports, keyboard, mouse, etc. - in the section Devices. In addition, from the menu Service panel opens AIDA64 CPUID(Fig. 3), which displays information about the processor, motherboard, memory and chipset in a compact form.

Rice. 3.AIDA64 CPUID Panel

Program SiSoftware Sandra It is also very informative and allows you to get comprehensive information about almost all the hardware components of a computer system. In particular, the utility displays summary information about the computer as a whole (Fig. 4) - that is, basic information about the processor, motherboard, chipset, memory modules, video system, etc. (tab Devices, pictogram System information).

Rice. 4. Computer Summary (SiSoftware Sandra)

Along with summary information, in the tab Devices the utility also provides more detailed information about the motherboard and processor, display and video adapter (Fig. 5), memory, buses and devices installed in them, disks, ports, mouse, keyboard, sound card, etc. As for the readings of various kinds of monitoring sensors, then to receive them, you will need to run not the information, but the diagnostic module Environmental Monitor(tab Tools). This module provides display of textual and graphical information about processor temperature, fan speed, voltage, etc.

Rice. 5. Video system data (SiSoftware Sandra)

Utility PC Wizard provides access to information about the main hardware modules installed in the computer: motherboard, processor, video card, memory, I / O ports, drives, printers, multimedia devices, printers, etc. All this data is available on the tab Iron. By activating the icon General information about the system, you can determine in one click what exactly is in the system unit (Fig. 6) - which motherboard, which processor, etc. Other tab icons Iron will help to get more detailed information about the components (Fig. 7); the provided amount of data is quite sufficient for the average user. In addition, through the menu Tools → Overclocking Information you can find out if any of the system components (processor, bus or memory) were overclocked, and if so, to what limits, and also take readings from some sensors.

Rice. 6. Aggregate information about the computer (PC Wizard)

Rice. 7. Information about the graphics subsystem (PC Wizard)

Utility HWiNFO32 will also allow you to learn a lot of interesting things about the iron "stuffing" of the computer. Immediately after launch, it starts diagnostic studies and in a matter of seconds displays a window System Summary with a compact display of data about the processor, motherboard, memory, chipset, disks, etc. (Fig. 8). This window can also be called up on the screen while working with the utility by clicking on the button Summary. In addition, HWiNFO32 displays detailed information about the processor, motherboard (Fig. 9), memory, video adapter and more in the appropriate tabs - Central Processors, mother board, Memory, Video Adapter etc. Data on the processor, memory modules, motherboard, tires and disks are quite detailed, information on other devices is more modest. If necessary, it is easy to get readings of the sensor sensors installed on the motherboard (temperature, voltage, etc.) by clicking on the button Sensors.

Rice. 8. Computer Summary Information (HWiNFO32)

Rice. 9. Video card data (HWiNFO32)

Program fresh diagnosis allows you to find out information about any iron components, however, not always detailed. For example, on the tab Hardware System You can learn about the motherboard, processor, cache, buses, BIOS, CMOS memory, etc. Section device contains information about the video card (Fig. 10), peripheral devices (keyboard, printer, monitor, optical drives, etc.) and ports. In chapter multimedia combined data on various multimedia devices, DirectX, audio and video codecs.

Rice. 10. Video card data (Fresh Diagnose)

Performance evaluation

Before upgrading, you need to evaluate the performance of the computer and its individual components in order to understand which hardware is subject to immediate replacement, and which components can wait until better times (after all, in a crisis, not everyone decides on a complete upgrade). It is quite simple to do this by running a couple of specific benchmarking tests in the environment of a suitable diagnostic utility. After buying a new computer or upgrading an old one, it also does not hurt to test to make sure that the computer has become more productive. Of course, you can feel the effect of the upgrade in the course of normal work in applications, but for the sake of completeness, it is better to verify the performance increase using tools specially designed for this purpose.

When conducting tests, in order to obtain a more objective assessment, it is better to close all applications, do not use the mouse and keyboard, run the same test (in the same version of the utility) several times and focus on the average result. In addition, you should keep in mind that the same synthetic tests in different utilities are implemented in a far from identical way, so the programs show different results. And the results obtained should not be taken literally, since they do not reflect real performance, but only indicate the level of performance when performing strictly specific tasks. Nevertheless, such testing makes it possible to understand how outdated the iron components installed in your computer are compared to reference samples, as well as to assess the level of performance before and after the upgrade, which is what we are interested in in this article.

From the point of view of testing, AIDA64 and SiSoftware Sandra programs are of the greatest interest, some of whose benchmarks are used even by professionals in various hardware testing methods. The capabilities of other utilities discussed in the article are limited in this regard, although they also provide some test functionality.

In a programme AIDA64 a wide range of benchmarking tests is presented. Yes, in the section Test 13 synthetic tests are combined, the first four of which evaluate memory performance - read / write / copy speed (Fig. 11), and also measure latency (testing the average time the processor reads data from RAM). The remaining tests in this section evaluate processor performance in integer and floating point operations, when creating ZIP archives, when performing AES encryption, etc. (tests CPU Queen, CPU PhotoWorxx, CPU ZLib, CPU AES, CPU Hash, FPU VP8, FPU Julia, FPU Mandel, FPU SinJulia). All tests compare performance to other systems, including the latest.

Rice. 11. CPU performance evaluation (CPU Queen test; AIDA64)

Through the menu Service Three more benchmark tests are available: Disk test, Cache and memory test and Monitor Diagnostics. The drive test measures the performance of hard drives, solid state drives, optical drives, and more. The cache and memory test provides a measure of the bandwidth and latency of the processor and memory cache (Figure 12). In the test Monitor Diagnostics the display quality of LCD and CRT monitors is checked.

Rice. 12. Cache and Memory Benchmark (AIDA64)

In terms of testing for a wide range of users, the program is even more interesting. SiSoftware Sandra, with which you can not only evaluate the performance of your PC in comparison with other reference computer configurations, but also test your computer for the need to upgrade it. Modules designed to test the most important computer subsystems are grouped on the tab Benchmarks. A whole group of synthetic tests is designed to test the processor - arithmetic and multimedia tests, tests of multi-core efficiency, power efficiency, cryptographic performance and GPGPU cryptography. Several tests are responsible for testing physical drives - including the file system test, as well as test modules for physical disks, removable / flash drives, CD-ROM / DVD and Blu-ray optical drives. Memory tests are provided: memory bandwidth test, memory latency test, and cache and memory test. In addition, there are tests to evaluate the speed of rendering and video memory performance, an audio/video encoding/decoding test, a network bandwidth test, an Internet connection speed test, etc. When testing a number of components (processor, RAM, etc.), the results are given in comparison with more or less similar reference models in terms of characteristics. At the same time, it is possible to independently choose standards for comparison, including the most modern ones (Fig. 13), which is very convenient and allows you to quickly understand how outdated the iron components installed in the computer are and which models are better to replace them with.

Rice. 13. Processor Performance Evaluation
(arithmetic test; SiSoftware Sandra)

Two interesting test modules are presented on the tab Tools are modules performance index and Analysis and recommendations. With the test performance index the overall performance of the computer is evaluated during the arithmetic and multimedia tests of the processor, determining the memory bandwidth, as well as testing the physical disks and video card (Fig. 14). Reference models of components for comparison are selected by the program or by the user. Module Analysis and recommendations provides a detailed analysis of the PC for a possible upgrade. At the end of this analysis, the program issues a list of recommendations on which of the hardware components are best replaced in order to improve performance (Fig. 15), and draws attention to possible problems (for example, the complexity of adding memory due to the occupancy of all slots, too high processor temperature (and offers to check the cooling), etc.).

Rice. 14. Evaluate the overall performance of the computer (SiSoftware Sandra)

Rice. 15. Analysis of a computer for an upgrade (SiSoftware Sandra)

Utility PC Wizard also includes certain functionality for testing hardware (tab Test). With its help, you can visually evaluate the overall performance of your computer (icon global performance) in comparison with other configurations and based on the test results, understand which of the subsystems in terms of performance do not significantly reach the selected (from the pre-installed list) reference sample - that is, they need to be updated, and which are quite on the level (Fig. 16).

Rice. 16. Evaluate the overall performance of the computer (PC Wizard)

There are also a number of synthetic tests in the PC Wizard arsenal that allow you to evaluate the performance of the processor, L1/L2/L3 caches and memory in general (bandwidth, timing), as well as the video subsystem, hard drive, optical drive, etc. In particular, for The processor provides for basic tests Dhrystone ALU, Whetstone FPU and Whetstone SSE2, allowing you to evaluate its performance in integer operations and floating point operations. The test results are displayed in textual and graphical form, in a number of tests it is possible to compare the results obtained with the test results of the selected reference subsystem (Fig. 17).

Rice. 17. Processor Test (PC Wizard)

Utility HWiNFO32 is able to evaluate the performance of the processor (CPU, FPU, MMX), memory and hard disk during express testing (button benchmark). The test results are presented in two versions - in numerical form and in the form of a comparative diagram. The diagram contains many reference components, including modern ones, so it is easy to understand how much the processor (or other component) installed in the computer is inferior in performance to modern models (Fig. 18).

Rice. 18. Processor Performance Evaluation (HWiNFO32)

Program fresh diagnosis has tools for determining the speed of individual components of the system. These are the seven synthetic test modules in the section Benchmarks. With their help, you can evaluate the performance of the processor (tests Whetstone, Dhrystone and multimedia), memory, video system, hard drives, optical drives and network adapter. The test results are compared with the base systems and presented in the form of visual histograms. True, in our opinion, there is not much benefit from them, since outdated reference systems are selected for comparison (Fig. 19).

Rice. 19. Testing the processor (Fresh Diagnose)

Checking your computer for stability

Unfortunately, it is not a fact that the updated computer will be stable in operation. Why? There are many reasons - for example, the power supply may not be able to cope with the increased load due to the replacement of the processor or video adapter with newer models.

If such a picture takes place, then the situation should be dealt with as soon as possible - that is, before obvious signs of instability appear in the form of a blue screen of "death", etc. This means that you need to find out the temperature of the processor, motherboard and other important hardware and understand whether any component overheats under load, as well as evaluate how the computer generally behaves under stressful conditions. You can do this by doing stress testing.

Most stability tests create an intensive computational load on various blocks of the CPU, system memory, GPU, and chipset - that is, they force the computer to work under stressful conditions. Unfortunately, none of these tests alone guarantee 100% stability of the system, but if the test revealed a failure in the system or was not completed, then this is a clear signal that you need to pay attention to the hardware.

Provided in AIDA64 system stability test (accessible via the menu Service) is intended for stress testing of the processor (it is allowed to test the cores separately), memory, local disks, etc. (Fig. 20). The test results are displayed on two graphs: the upper one shows the temperature of the selected components, the lower one shows the CPU usage level (CPU Usage) and the clock skipping mode (CPU Throttling). Mode CPU Throttling is activated only in case of processor overheating, and it should be understood that the activation of this mode during testing is an alarm signal calling for attention to the operation of the cooling system. During testing, system heating is controlled by continuous temperature monitoring.

Rice. 20. CPU stress testing (AIDA64)

In addition to the temperature, the graphs of which are displayed on the first tab during stress testing, on the other tabs the program provides other useful information - about the fan speed, voltage, etc. It should be borne in mind that the system stability test in AIDA64 can last indefinitely, so it is stopped manually, making sure that everything works fine (after 30 minutes), or when suspicious results are detected (for example, severe overheating of one of the components).

Using the stability test SiSoftware Sandra(tab Tools), stress testing can also be performed (Fig. 21). It will allow you to orient yourself in relation to the stability of the system and identify its weaknesses by analyzing the operation of the processor, memory, physical disks and optical drives, power supply efficiency, etc. Testing lasts for a specified period of time or without taking it into account - in this case, the number of run times is indicated selected test modules. During testing, the utility monitors the state of the system and stops the process if errors occur or in case of overheating (critical temperatures are set by default or manually).

Rice. 21. Stability test (SiSoftware Sandra)

Utility Features PC Wizard in terms of testing the system for stability (test System Test Stability from the menu Tools) are limited to CPU and motherboard testing. During testing, the processor is loaded to the maximum and under such conditions it works for a long time, during which temperature measurements of the processor and motherboard are taken at regular intervals, and the results are displayed on the graph (Fig. 22).

Rice. 22. Testing the processor for stability (PC Wizard)

A Brief Overview of Utilities

AIDA64 (Extreme Edition) 1.60

Developer: FinalWire Ltd

Distribution size: 11.7 MB

Price:$39.95

The AIDA64 program is an updated version of the well-known information and diagnostic solution EVEREST, designed for diagnosing hardware and software computer resources and versatile testing of a computer. The utility can be run from a hard disk, CD/DVD/BD-disks, and also from flash drives. The program is presented in two editions: AIDA64 Extreme Edition and AIDA64 Business Edition, AIDA64 Extreme Edition is designed for home users. The utility is regularly updated and supports the vast majority of modern models.

SiSoftware Sandra 2011 (Lite)

Developer: SiSoftware

Distribution size: 53.3 MB

Price: free (for personal and educational use)

SiSoftware Sandra Lite is the best free information and diagnostic software. It provides detailed information about the computer and any of its hardware and software components, and also allows you to test your PC for performance, the need for an upgrade, etc. The utility can be used to analyze, diagnose and test a PDA or smartphone. The program is available in several editions; for home use, the free edition of SiSoftware Sandra Lite is sufficient. The utility is updated quite regularly and supports the vast majority of modern models.

PC Wizard 2010.1.961

Developer: CPUID

Distribution size: 5.02 MB

Price: is free

PC Wizard is an information and diagnostic utility used for diagnosing hardware and software components and conducting various tests. In the basic version, the program is launched from a hard drive, it can be loaded from portable devices - for example, from a flash drive (a special version of the Portable PC Wizard). The utility is not updated as often as we would like (the last update was from August 2010), although it supports many modern models (of course, there is no talk of new products).

HWiNFO32 3.71

Developer: Martin Malik

Distribution size: 2.26 MB

Price: is free

HWiNFO32 is an information and diagnostic utility that allows you to get detailed information about PC hardware and test the performance of the processor, memory and hard drives. The program is updated monthly - as a result, all novelties that have appeared on the market are included in its database in a timely manner. There is a special portable edition of the utility that can be run from a removable USB drive or other portable device.

Fresh Diagnosis 8.52

Developer: FreshDevices.com

Distribution size: 2.08 MB

Distribution method: freeware (http://www.freshdiagnose.com/download.html)

Price: free (registration required; tests cannot be used in the unregistered version)

Fresh Diagnose is an information and diagnostic utility designed to obtain information about all hardware and software components of a PC, as well as to test it. The program is regularly updated and supports many modern models, however, among its shortcomings are a poorly thought out interface and poor-quality Russian-language localization (therefore, it is more reasonable to use it with an English-language interface).

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An important stage of computer repair is its diagnostics. After all, before making a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct an examination. And this should be done by qualified specialists, for whom the provision of computer assistance is a core service.

Fault detection consists of the following steps:

1. Primary diagnosis.

This type of computer performance assessment is carried out at the customer's home. Primary diagnosis cannot be complete and is suitable only in some cases. Basically, this includes an external inspection of the computer and its components.

2. Hardware diagnostics.

This stage is aimed at identifying damaged computer parts. Failures in the operation of the system can be observed if a defective component is installed on the equipment. In addition, incorrect functioning may be caused by worn parts. Another option that affects performance is overheating.

3. Software diagnostics.

At this stage, errors in the operation of the software are detected. The stability of the system is evaluated. The operating system of a computer falls under close scrutiny, with an analysis of the causes of a software failure.

4. Complete diagnostics.

Based on the results of all types of diagnostics, the service engineer issues a verdict - the cause of the breakdown. After agreeing with the customer on the cost of repairs, the necessary computer assistance is provided.

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Primary diagnosis

A complex electronic computing device, which is a computer, is based on a lot of microcircuits and printed circuit boards. It follows that the repair of computers by "amateurs" can be performed only in a limited number of cases. Even standard repairs require theoretical and practical knowledge, as well as extensive experience. Before proceeding with the execution of the order, the masters carry out primary, and in difficult cases - hardware and software diagnostics.

Primary computer diagnostics consists of the following steps:

1. Surface inspection of the software part of the equipment.

Surface software diagnostics aims to check the performance of the operating system, the correct functioning of programs. It is carried out at the customer's home by a service engineer, without the use of diagnostic equipment.

2. Surface inspection of the hardware of the equipment.

This is a visual check of the computer configuration and evaluation:

Disk type;

The amount of memory and the possibility of its use;

The performance of computer devices (primarily hard drives).

With the help of a superficial inspection, a number of simple equipment malfunctions can be identified.

Hardware diagnostics

The first step in computer maintenance and repair is diagnostics. As practice shows, the majority of malfunctions and equipment failures are caused by the neglect of regular preventive maintenance and diagnostics.

The purpose of diagnostic work is:

Determination of malfunctions of computer equipment;

elucidation of their nature.

Hardware diagnostics is aimed at identifying mechanical (albeit invisible externally) damage to computer components.

Computer hardware diagnostics includes checking the temperature regime of computer components and the stability of operation:

Central processor;

Random access memory;

hard drive;

Video adapter;

Chipset.

After this type of diagnostics, the client receives:

Report on the state of the hardware of computer equipment;

Preliminary calculation of the price for troubleshooting work;

Proposals for modernization.

Timely computer hardware diagnostics can significantly reduce system failures. If hidden problems are not identified at an early stage, your technique can be completely paralyzed at any time.

In the event that the service engineer detects damage to the components of your computer, replacement parts and repairs will be required to restore its performance.

Measures for hardware diagnostics will make it possible to carry out the necessary repair work in time, increase the efficiency of equipment, and increase its speed. This is exactly the case when timely action will prevent serious problems.

Software diagnostics of a computer is the detection of a defect and the causes of its occurrence. Wherein:

The operating system is viewed taking into account the stability of the computer equipment;

The load resistance of individual components and the computer as a whole is checked;

The performance of the motherboard is tested using special modules.

The amateurish approach to this process is fraught with a number of dangers. For example, when a motherboard malfunction is detected, the user changes it without thinking about the causes of the failure.

Computer diagnostics at the program level will be required if:

1. The equipment does not turn on.

2. Turns off by itself.

3. Computer freezes.

4. Reloads for no reason.

5. Works slowly.

Software diagnostics of computer equipment includes:

1. Surface inspection of the software part of the equipment.

2. Computer software testing, which includes:

Checking the file system for errors;

Checking the registry of the operating system and its status;

Check for critical OS updates.

Complete diagnostics

Computer diagnostics or determination of the reasons for its poor performance should be carried out by qualified specialists. As practice shows, only professionals can eliminate a number of typical problems in the operation of computer equipment.

With the help of complete diagnostics of computers, you can identify problems and establish opportunities for upgrading equipment.

This type of diagnostic work is performed only by experienced service engineers using specialized equipment and includes several stages:

1. Superficial inspection by the master of the software part of computer equipment.

2. Testing computer software using special utilities.

3. Superficial inspection by the master of the hardware of the equipment.

4. Testing additional components of a computer hardware device.

5. Testing the main components of a computer hardware device.

Full PC diagnostics includes testing activities:

Software and operating system;

motherboard;

Processor;

hard drive;

memory slots;

Information reading devices (floppy disks, drives, card readers);

TV tuners, network and Wi-Fi equipment, modems;

Video cards;

Circuits, block and power controller;

Monitor.

All owners of personal computers should remember: full diagnostics should be carried out regularly, without waiting for the equipment to fail. In this case, your PC will serve you for a long time, and there will be no need to repair your computer and replace components.

TOP programs for computer diagnostics

Again the computer became faulty, but you do not know what the problem is? Maybe you are considering selling your hardware, but it takes a very long time to collect information with built-in applications, and you would like to find a solution faster and easier? Then you can pay attention to programs for computer diagnostics. We have compiled a small rating, all of them have already shown themselves to be reliable and fast help, so we can recommend them for work.

pivot table

Name	Purpose	Version / Year	Spreading	Website
	A system utility that allows you to get information about all computer components	v1.32.740	Free / Paid PRO version	DOWNLOAD
	A system utility that allows you to get information about all the components of your computer. As well as the readings of the temperature sensors of the system	v5.86/2018	Free	DOWNLOAD
	The system utility contains all the necessary information about the computer. As well as a large number of PC performance and stability tests	v5.97.4600/2018	Shareware 30 days License ($39.95 for 3 PCs)	DOWNLOAD
	View the characteristics of the processor, motherboard, memory (RAM), Benchmark and stress test of the processor.	v1.85.0/2018	Free	DOWNLOAD
performance test	The system utility contains general information about the PC, as well as a large list of performance tests for both the system and individual elements	v9.0 (Build 1025) / 2018		DOWNLOAD
HWMONITOR	A handy utility for monitoring temperature sensors, fan speeds and system voltage	v1.35 / 2018	Free	DOWNLOAD
speedfan	The utility monitors the temperature sensors of the system and controls the speed of the active PC cooling system	v4.52/2017	Free	DOWNLOAD
	A comprehensive utility with great functionality. Contains information about the system hardware, as well as installed software	v8.3.0710/2018	Shareware 30 days License ($19.00)	DOWNLOAD
Memtest86+	Utility for testing the performance of random access memory (RAM)	v5.01/2013	Free	DOWNLOAD
CrystalDiskInfo	Utility for testing hard drives (HDD/SSD)	v7.6.1/2018	Free	DOWNLOAD
Passmark Keyboard Test	Utility for testing the performance of the data input device (keyboard)	v3.2 (Build 1002) / 2017	Shareware 30 days License ($29.00)	DOWNLOAD
Monitor Test	Computer Screen Testing Tool	v3.2 (Build 1006) / 2018	Shareware 30 days License ($29.00)	DOWNLOAD

Why is it necessary to monitor your PC system?

Any computer and laptop is a complex machine that performs many processes every second from displaying a picture on the screen to writing a letter pressed on the keyboard. That is why it is important to constantly monitor the status of your device, noticing problems that arise in work in time, because one incorrectly working element can break the operation of the entire machine.

Programs that conduct a complete diagnosis of the entire PC help track incorrect operation.. As an example, they can determine how much memory is installed on your laptop, as well as the type of memory and the number of slots. Why do you need this information?

The computer wizard will say that this will help find a new, more suitable RAM. With the new data, you will be able to understand whether you need to change the motherboard, whether to add memory, whether to install a more powerful processor, whether to buy an additional hard drive. Some utilities will monitor processor temperatures to tell you if thermal paste needs replacing to prevent overheating. In general, all diagnostic type applications will help you find out why your PC or any particular installed program is not working. To understand which utility to install for you, it remains to learn more about each of our ratings.

Diagnostic Highlights

Inexperienced PC users are sure that they cannot cope with the problems that have arisen, and they immediately run to computer wizards and service centers without trying to figure it out on their own. However, it is enough to find out what problems may occur with your computer in order to find out what the problem is and solve it on your own.

The following can interfere with the operation of a computer or laptop:

• Overheating of microcircuits and connectors due to their dusting
• Strong oxidation of contacts
• Incorrect grounding
• Unstable power supply
• Overheating of PC components due to excessive cooling
• Burnout of components due to overvoltage or power surge

The reports that any utility will issue will tell you exactly where non-standard parameters are observed. Also, if the situation is clearly beyond your power, you can take the diagnostic result to the master or send it by e-mail.

If you have observed incorrect operation of only one element, then it is worth downloading a utility whose work is aimed at analyzing its performance. For example, for video cards, it is important that the benchmark still evaluates the performance of the PC. And to analyze the operation of hard drives, you will have to compare the results with the characteristics of drives on other devices.

Description of programs for diagnostics: top 12 leaders

We have selected all the necessary tools presented on the Internet. Programs have different purposes and diverse functionality, you just have to find the best option for you. Remember that sometimes you need to install several programs at once in order to conduct not only a general scan of the computer, but testing and comparison with analogues.

AIDA64

Tariff plans utility

AIDA64

It often stands on the devices of specialists and computer masters, because it provides comprehensive and reliable information about components, OS, other installed programs, networks and external devices. This program conducts both a complete computer diagnostics, collecting the necessary system data, but tests individual elements, including RAM, helping to configure the settings for optimal operation.

This utility will be very convenient for those who are not too versed in hardware: all the information provided is located on the right side of a separate panel, besides, it is intuitively structured according to the main parameters.

This utility is good because it performs the functions of a benchmark – that is, it determines the power of the processor and video card and gives a comparison with the data of other models. She also knows how to determine the installed drivers and even look for their latest versions, if necessary.

AIDA64 gives you the ability to monitor the system in real time to monitor the load on the key nodes of the system. Review reports are issued as a document that can be saved in any format. The reports themselves, as well as the program interface, are translated into Russian, which will allow even an amateur to work with the program. By the way, you can install AIDA64 not only on any version of Windows, but also on mobile gadgets on Android, iOS and Windows Phone platforms. Unfortunately, the utility is not free, but it has a demo version, albeit a rather limited one.

Speccy

Official site

Speccy

Now Speccy is the most effective program for obtaining detailed reports on the operation of the system, although it has not yet gained much popularity on the Internet. It is free and supported on all Windows models from XP to 10. This utility allows you to find out the necessary data about the processor, memory, video card, hard drive and the installed operating system, and it provides information complete and in an extremely convenient form, so that even a beginner will figure it out. For example, you can use it to see the number of RAM slots and decide if you need to upgrade your PC.

Importantly, Speccy not only helps to obtain information from temperature sensors, but also suggests ways to correct connection errors or simply install a ventilation system.

The program works in such a way that when it starts, it scans the entire computer. It weighs very little, so we recommend downloading it, even if you don’t need it right now: it will allow you to control PC heating, quickly make a list of components, and even monitor the list of drivers you need to install.

The data, by the way, is saved in TXT and XML formats, so in case of a breakdown, you can show the report to the master. Do not forget that the Speccy developers are the creators of CCleaner and Defraggler, which in itself is a guarantee of quality and stable operation.

HWiNFO

Program website

HWiNFO

HWiNFO is a program used mainly by professionals and hardware experts. It is necessary for anyone who digs into the depths of the hardware, because it gives out all the information about each important element. In addition to PC analysis, it is suitable for obtaining data on outdated equipment, old BIOSes, video cards, and more. It also helps to compare the performance of hardware components not only with standard indicators, but also with the characteristics of popular analogues.

The main functionality of the utility includes:

• Recognition of microprocessors with the definition of their parameters
• FSB Frequency Calculation
• Processor, memory and disk testing
• Getting information about the motherboard and BIOS
• Reading information from SPD
• Identification of a large set of video accelerators

And this is not a complete list of features. In general, HWiNFO allows you to get information about almost everything except, perhaps, drivers. She saves all received data in a log. so that they can be retrieved and used later. By the way, you can constantly track the parameters of some element by setting the icons in the tray.

CPU-Z

Official site

CPU-Z

This is a simple free program., which allows you to quickly obtain important technical information about the main elements of your computer. The utility is distributed in two versions, which differ in the need for installation, but in terms of performance, they are approximately the same.

CPU-Z can determine:

• Model, number of cores, architecture and processor socket
• CPU voltage, frequency, cache and multiplier
• Make and model of the motherboard
• BIOS version and memory type
• Volume, type and frequency of RAM
• Name, type and volume of video card

The main plus for Russian speakers is the ability to obtain accurate characteristics in Russian. Of course, the design of CPU-Z is quite poor, but for applications of this type it is not important, and minimalism does not complicate the perception of information.

The only real disadvantage is the inability to determine the temperature of the processors. But in contrast, there is a good computer scanning speed and the reliability of the utility.

HWMonitor

Program website

HWMonitor

Simple, clear and most importantly absolutely free utility.

With which you can monitor the readings of temperature sensors motherboard, CPU temperature, hard disk temperature, circuit voltage.

As well as the capacity of the battery and the degree of wear. The program shows three graphs minimum, average and peak value.

performance test

Official site

performance test

This tool is slightly different from the previous options - this is a set of tests for evaluating PC performance. As a result of each test, the program collects characteristics that it compares with those of similar devices. The latest version of this utility contains 27 functions that differ in relation to a specific category. Several can be distinguished:

• For the processor - compression, encryption and calculation speed
• For a video card, which assesses the quality of displaying two- and three-dimensional graphics and animation, as well as compatibility with DirectX and its analogues
• For a hard drive, where you can test writing, reading and speed of information retrieval
• For disk drives
• For RAM

There are many more functions, in addition, the user can create five of his own tests. By the way, the program saves test reports in many standard formats from HTML to Docx. They can be sent by email, or pasted into any text editor and printed.

The ability to import tests into another application and insert them into the site code is also very remarkable.. It is important to note that PerformanceTest is only shareware, but it can be easily downloaded and activated on many file hosting sites. It works on all versions of Windows from XP to 10.

CrystalDiskMark

Program website

CrystalDiskMark

Another program designed to conduct tests, analyze the read and write speed of a hard drive. CrystalDiskMark uses test files ranging in size from 50 MB to 32 GB, and by running them, the utility reveals the average disk speed. To identify accurate performance indicators, it makes several checks at once, the number of which you personally specify before starting testing. In the settings section, you can choose the type of data, intervals between tests, queue sizes, and the number of threads.

The program is free, Russified and suitable for any version of Windows. It is quite small in size, so it downloads quickly and takes up almost no space.

CrystalDiskMark gives the results in a convenient way. Of course, the data on the average read and write speed of the “hard” is unlikely to be of interest to an amateur, but a professional can easily understand the reporting. By the way, the more tests the program conducts, the more average results you will get.

Information about the hard disk

Desktop problems can have various causes. By following our tips, you can quickly fix any problem.

PC failure can manifest itself in different ways. For example, after pressing the power button, the machine does not show signs of "life". Or the computer turns on, but certain components do not function. The first step is to figure out what works and what doesn't. Are the motherboard LEDs on? Are the fans spinning? Is the monitor receiving an image signal? Are BIOS messages displayed? Based on these observations, most problems can be divided into six categories (see below). For each category, we provide step-by-step instructions that will help you eliminate the possibility of the simplest problems so that you can then proceed to more complex diagnostics. If at any stage you are not successful, move on to the next until you solve the problem. Even if you stop at some step, the results of your testing will later become a good help for the service center employees.

1. Without signs of life

If the computer does not respond in any way to pressing the power button, first of all, you should check the power or the button itself. We will help you localize the problem.

1.1. VISUAL INSPECTION. First of all, check if the power cable is connected well and if the surge protector is turned on. It is possible that the power supply button on the back of the computer is in the "Off" position.

1.2. HOUSING CONNECTORS. Open the PC case and check that the connectors are connected securely and that there is no damage to the cable in the area between the switches and LEDs of the case and the motherboard - some connector may have come off the plug. If one or more cables are disconnected, open the motherboard manual and check if the cables are properly connected to the plugs.

1.3. POWER BUTTON. If the chassis connectors are connected correctly or if reconnecting them does not work, disconnect all connectors from the motherboard. Then close the two pins labeled "Power Switch" with a paperclip. If the computer turns on, two options are possible. The first is a faulty power button on the case. In this case, you need to connect both connectors labeled "Reset Switch" to the pins labeled "Power Switch" on the motherboard. From now on, the PC will be turned on using the reset button, and the power button will no longer perform its function. Another reason for such a malfunction may be a short circuit in the reset button: in this case, the usual button will not work, and starting the PC will only be possible by closing two contacts on the motherboard. Confirmation of this assumption will be the possibility of starting a PC with the reset button disabled. In this case, leave the power button connected and disconnect the reset button. After all these steps, your PC will most likely turn on again without any problems. If, even when using an office paper clip, the computer refuses to “start”, then you should check the power system.

1.4. POWER THE MOTHERBOARD. Check that all power supply connectors are properly connected to the motherboard. We are talking not only about a wide ATX connector with 24 pins, but also an additional four-pin P4 connector for powering the processor.

1.5. POWER UNIT. Next, you need to exclude the possibility of failure of the power supply. To do this, connect a working PSU to the PC - for example, from a second computer. Connect the 24-pin ATX connector and the 4- or 8-pin P4 connector of a working computer to the motherboard of the failed PC and try to start it. If after that it turns on, then the whole thing is in the power supply, which will need to be replaced.

1.6. MOTHERBOARD. If all the above measures did not help, then most likely the motherboard failed, which is best replaced, since repairs not under warranty, as a rule, do not pay off. One way or another, replacing the motherboard means a complete disassembly and reassembly of your PC. But it is recommended to proceed with this procedure only when other possible malfunctions are excluded.

2. PC works but no picture

After power on, the screen remains black, although the PSU, CPU, and video card fans are running and the LEDs on the system board are lit.

2.1. MONITOR CHECK. First of all, you need to eliminate a banal malfunction by answering the question: does the monitor turn on? If not, there may be a power problem: the cable is unplugged from the display or from the outlet, or the display has a switch that is set to "off". If the monitor turns on, open the OSD menu and check if the correct signal source (VGA/D-Sub, DVI, HDMI) is selected.

2.2. SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS. If the monitor is not getting an image signal, the motherboard will often let you know by beeping or flashing to help you figure out what the problem is. Consult your motherboard manual to determine what the signals mean. One of the typical defects that are reported in this way can be faulty or incorrectly installed RAM modules, which the motherboard, depending on the model, warns with an audible signal or illuminated LED lamps.

2.3. RESET BUTTON. A short circuit in the reset button can also be the cause of these symptoms. Carry out the check (point 1.3).

2.4. BIOS. Sometimes, incorrect BIOS settings can be the cause of these startup problems. To reset the BIOS, locate the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard. We are talking about three contacts, two of which are connected by a jumper. Remember the original position of the jumper, then pull it out and connect another pair of contacts with it, wait at least ten seconds. After that, set it back to its original position. If the system board has a reset button, press it. If the computer turns on, check the BIOS settings. In most cases, it is necessary to select the correct SATA controller operating mode, which, starting with Windows XP, is "AHCI" and not "IDE". After that, the indicated problem should disappear. One of the possible reasons for lost BIOS settings may be a dead motherboard battery - this will be discussed in paragraph 3.1.

2.5. RAM. Faulty memory is signaled by most motherboards using sound or light (LED) signals (see paragraph 2.2). However, we recommend that you check the performance of the RAM modules without waiting for the warning signal. The computer must have at least two modules installed - remove one and try to boot the computer with it. If the PC does not turn on with this module, try starting the system with another module installed. If the computer starts with only one memory module, it usually means that the other one is bad.

2.6. VIDEO PAYMENT. Among PC components, the problem should first of all be looked for in the source of the image signal - the graphics card. If your computer has an integrated video card, remove the discrete card and test the system with the integrated GPU. Otherwise, check if the PC works with a different graphics card. If yes, then your discrete or integrated graphics card is faulty.

2.7. CPU. A faulty processor can also cause the computer to operate but not produce an image signal. Therefore, if possible, test the performance of the PC with another compatible processor before the next very difficult step.

2.8. MOTHERBOARD. With all other possible sources of problems now ruled out, the last "suspect" remains the motherboard. The problem here may be, for example, in the CMOS chip in which the BIOS is stored, or in the PCIe bus to which video cards are connected. Troubleshooting in most cases does not justify itself, so the best solution is to immediately replace the motherboard.

3. BIOS stops working

The task of the BIOS is to prepare the computer to boot the operating system. If problems occur during the operation of the BIOS, then, as a rule, error messages appear, with the help of which you can localize them.

3.1. BIOS SETTINGS. With computers released four or five years ago, situations often occur when they suddenly refuse to boot. The reason lies in the BIOS settings. In this case, the message “Please enter Setup to recover BIOS setting | CMOS Date/Time Not Set". You can enter the BIOS, as a rule, using the "F1" or "Del" button when you turn on the PC. After that, you need to restore all the basic settings - for example, the date, the sequence of boot devices, or such an important parameter as the operating mode of the SATA controller (AHCI). After restoring the settings, there should be no problems booting the PC. However, the reason that the settings went wrong is most likely the following: the motherboard has a round flat battery, which is an “emergency” power source for the CMOS chip so that the latter does not lose settings. If this battery is dead, it must be replaced, otherwise the BIOS settings will be lost every time the PC is turned off.

3.2. SEQUENCE OF BOOT DEVICES. If the BIOS reports that it cannot find bootable media, then there may be several reasons. First, check the boot device sequence in the settings. In modern motherboards, this requires two steps. In the boot options, you will find the item "Boot priority" ("Priority of boot devices"), which specifies components such as hard drives, removable media, or optical drives. The hard drive must have the highest boot priority.

3.3. DISK MALFUNCTION. If the drive does not appear in the BIOS media selection menu, open the PC and check that the power cables and interface cables of the appropriate media are securely connected. If the problem persists, test the drive with a different cable, in a USB HDD case, or in another computer. If this does not help, then most likely the media has failed as a result of damage to the controller. In this case, most likely, only a specialist will be able to recover the data for quite a lot of money. If you regularly create system images and data backups, then you will only need to replace the disk and copy the data. Otherwise, you will have to completely reinstall the system.

3.4. BOOT SECTOR. If the boot device is shown in the BIOS and you can view its contents when connected to another PC, then the boot sector is most likely corrupted. This happens quite often when an unsuccessful attempt to reallocate disk space or when removing Linux, used as a second operating system. To fix the error, boot from the installation DVD or rescue disk. During the boot process, select "Repair your computer" or "PC recovery options", then click on "System Restore", and then follow the instructions of the wizard. If this does not solve the problem, then try to restore manually. Boot the PC again as described above and in the system recovery settings open a command prompt window. Enter the following commands in it:

bootrec /fixmbr bootrec /fixboot

bcdedit ;/export C:\bcd_1 c: cd boot attrib bcd -s -h -r ren bcd bcd_2 bootrec /RebuildBcd

After that, Windows should boot up. If you are still having difficulty, follow the instructions below.

4. Unable to boot OS (Windows logo appears, but the system does not start)

Your computer starts to boot, but freezes just before the user interface appears. With these symptoms, many hardware and BIOS problems can be ruled out.

(to be continued)