After assembly the BIOS does not start. Starting your computer for the first time - important points. Reasons for failure when turning on the computer

When you turn on your computer for the first time, if meaningful messages appear on the monitor screen, the first thing you should do is set up the BIOS. To enter the setup menu at the beginning of the PC boot, you must press the key (). On some Intel motherboards, entering the CMOS Setup program to configure BIOS settings does not require a key. , and the key . If your motherboard has a BIOS manufactured by AM1, the computer itself will prompt you to enter the CMOS Setup program by pressing the , and make the necessary settings.

Attention!

Due to the advent of multi-core processors and the widespread use of RAID controllers, new BIOS versions have new functions that, although they do not change the general principles of BIOS setup, require additional operations when working with the CMOS Setup program.

Note In principle, modern CMOS Setup programs are quite “smart” and correctly automatically configure the parameters of the motherboard, processor, memory and other peripherals, but it is better to check for yourself what actually happened. If you have experience working with CMOS Setup, you can even improve system performance by optimizing parameter settings.

Most CMOS Setup programs for configuring BIOS settings have the same or very similar menu windows. In Fig. Figure 26.1 shows the first window of the Award CMOS Setup menu.

Rice. 26.1. Award's CMOS Setup main menu

Since you have turned on a newly assembled computer, it is recommended to check the operation of key components. First of all, be sure to check the processor temperature by entering the PC Health Status menu (Fig. 26.2).


Rice. 26.2. PC Health Status Menu

The Current CPU Temperature line shows the processor temperature in real time. If mistakes were made when installing the cooler on the processor, the processor temperature will quickly rise.

Ideally, it should not rise very quickly to a value of no more than 30-35 NS and freeze at this mark. If your processor starts to heat up very quickly and does not stop at a temperature of 40 NS, this means that the cooler is probably installed incorrectly (it is assumed that the room temperature does not exceed 25 NS).

In this menu, the current date and time are configured, as well as the presence of an FDD floppy drive and IDE devices - hard drives and CD drives. Most modern BIOS independently (automatically) configure these parameters correctly, but you should check the settings and make adjustments if necessary.

Note In fact, the IDE interface is now becoming "outlawed". Therefore, on most motherboards, the CMOS Setup program for setting BIOS parameters shows hard drives with a SATA interface in the first place, and the settings of older devices with an IDE interface still need to be looked for. True, in the latest versions of the CMOS Setup program, setting up SATA hard drives is integrated into a submenu with setting up SE hard drives, i.e., in each specific case, the user will have to rack his brain a little to find out what is being configured and where. Fine-tuning of IDE and SATA interfaces is usually done in the Integrated Peripherals menu.


Rice. 26.3. Standard CMOS Features menu

If there is no information about any IDE device, then perhaps it is either not connected, or there is a conflict between two devices located on the same loop (the first device must operate in Master mode, and the second in Slave mode). Note that devices with a SATA interface do not conflict, since their addressing is determined only by the physical connection location, so the problem of invisibility will mean either an incorrect connection or problems with installing RAID devices.

At the next stage, we configure the parameters in the Advanced BIOS Features menu (Fig. 26.4). Here you only need to configure the order in which the operating system boots from different disk drives, and these are the lines First Boot Device and Second Boot Device.

In the vast majority of cases, the operating system Windows 98/ME, Windows 2000/XP or Windows Vista is installed on the computer. Since they are installed on a personal computer from bootable CDs, it is desirable that the first device be a CD drive, and the second a HDD-O hard drive. Then the computer will first try to boot from the CD, and if the CD or DVD drive is empty or the CD is not bootable, then the computer will boot from the hard drive.


Rice. 26.4. Advanced BIOS Features Menu


Rice. 26.5. MB Intelligent Tweaker (M.I.T.) menu

The last vital stage is adjusting the operating frequency of the system bus and memory bus. To do this, the Frequency/Voltage Control menu opens (on different motherboards this menu item may be called differently, for example, in Fig. 26.5 it is called MB Intelligent Tweaker (M.I.T.)).

To correctly configure this menu, you need to know the technical characteristics of the processor and memory modules. The bus frequency (CPU Clock) is usually indicated on the packaging of the processor and memory modules. Otherwise, consult your computer store salesperson. The processor frequency multiplier does not need to be changed at first, since the BIOS sets the option that was selected for the processor at the factory, and a number of sold processors may have a locked multiplier.

Note Overclocking is usually an increase in the processor core frequency multiplier and an increase in the system bus frequency, which implies that the core supply voltage will also be increased. This should be done very carefully, monitoring the stability of the system using test programs. In particular, a number of BIOS allow you to overclock the processor directly from Windows OS using special utilities.

The BIOS contains several dozen more settings that are not so important for most users and are changed only in special cases, since by default they have the most optimal and safe values. Accordingly, you can complete the BIOS setup, limiting yourself to the settings already made.

After exiting the BIOS setup utility, the computer restarts. If any drive contains a bootable floppy disk or CD, the startup prompt for the operating system installation program will appear on the monitor screen.

Attention!

Changing any parameters in the BIOS at random is a sure way to a situation where only a specialist can start the computer. In some cases, erroneous user actions can lead to failure of computer components.

What could be the main reasons why a computer may not turn on? This question is asked by many users and novice assemblers. In this article we will try to give a number of recommendations on how to solve this problem on our own.

So, let's begin. You have assembled a computer or maybe upgraded it yourself and this exciting moment has come - the monitor, mouse, keyboard, speakers are connected, the power cord is also connected, this is important) you press the button and.... Nothing. A minute's pause, you are a little surprised and puzzled, we are familiar with this feeling, because we have assembled many system units, expensive and very expensive, gaming, office, home, and unfortunately, it happened that our computer assemblies also refused to start the first time.

Let's start diagnostics

  1. The first of the possible options: after pressing the button, nothing happens, the signal LEDs do not light up and the fans in the system do not rotate. We check the connection of the start button, whether it is connected correctly to the motherboard, we immediately diagnose it, remove the connector from the motherboard and close the two contacts with any conductive object, for example, a screwdriver, the computer starts up, great, we have identified the faulty unit.
  2. Second option: go further, visually check the connection of the motherboard power connectors and the processor power (4- or 8-pin terminal coming from the power supply), if everything is in order, you can, for preventive purposes, remove the BIOS battery for 5 minutes, (sometimes, but very rarely it helps) we try to launch it.
  3. Option three: disconnect all peripheral devices from the motherboard, leave only the processor, processor cooling and power supply (to be absolutely sure, it is better to unscrew the motherboard from the system unit) and try to start the system again, if the treasured light on the motherboard blinks or the speaker squeaks, the fans come to life , then we look for the fault by connecting the nodes one by one (RAM, video card, hard drive, CD reader, sound card, etc.)
  4. Fourth method: if all else fails and we don’t have a spare power supply, we diagnose ours. We disconnect the unit from the motherboard and all devices, connect the power cord, and close the two contacts on the large 24-pin connector to which the green and black wires are suitable. If after our manipulations the fan of the unit begins to rotate, then there is a high probability that there is a malfunction in the motherboard or the leg on the processor is bent (in the case of AMD). If you have Intel, then carefully look at the contact block on the motherboard socket; damaged contacts are very clearly visible.
  5. Fifth case: the assembled PC starts, but unfortunately, we see a black screen (the computer is working, but there is no image on the monitor). First of all, reset the Bios jumper on the motherboard (set to factory settings) and try to start it. If the result is the same, then in this case, first of all, the culprit may be the RAM module or video card. This can be determined by sound signals at startup or if the motherboard is equipped with a post code reading module. If you are using two memory modules, then turn on each one in turn, and you can check the video card by removing it and connecting using the integrated video card. If these nodes are in order, then connect other devices one by one and identify the faulty node. Yes, we completely forgot, if you connect the monitor’s signal cable to the connector of the integrated video card and at the same time you have a discrete video card installed (external), then you will not get an image on the screen.

Now about the main thing.

Assembling a computer is not very difficult and sometimes interesting. The main thing is to remember a couple of simple rules. Do everything very carefully and take your time, follow the instructions if there are any, but if you are not confident in your abilities, we strongly recommend that you turn to professionals, at least for advice. And everything will work out. The online computer store “Edelweiss” assembles and sells expensive gaming system units. And therefore, having accumulated vast experience in this area, they are always ready to give advice to potential clients and not only suggest how to correctly assemble the system unit, but also diagnose the malfunction.

So you have purchased new computer and ready to start working. When all the components of the computer are nearby, not connected to each other, and there are a lot of different wires around, it may seem that you cannot cope with this task. There's really no reason to panic. The first launch of the computer will take place as planned.

In most cases, a small manual on how to connect it comes with the computer. But, even if there are no such instructions, you can still put everything together yourself in just a few simple steps.

Preparing to Start Your Laptop

If you bought laptop or netbook, then the preparation procedure before the first launch will take less than a minute. On some models, you may need to connect the battery. Once the battery is in place, open the cover and press the power button. If the battery is not charged, you will need to connect AC adapter, which comes with the laptop. While charging, you can continue working.

If you need to connect to a laptop peripherals, you can read the instructions below; desktop and laptop computers generally use the same types of connections.

Preparing to Start Your Desktop Computer

Step 1

Unpack monitor, system unit, keyboard and other computer components from the box. Remove all transport, plastic coverings or protective film. Install the monitor and system unit at your workplace.

Installation recommendations: Place the system unit so that there is enough space for air circulation to avoid overheating. It is better to position the monitor so that the light source is located to the left of the monitor to avoid glare.

Step 2

Take monitor connection cable. The monitor always comes with two cables, one for connecting to the mains, the other for connecting to the computer (system unit). Depending on the monitor model, the kit may include a VGA, DVI or HDMI cable. VGA cable is often available Blue colouron the chips connectors to make them easier to identify. If you bought monoblock, you can go to Step 4.

Step 3

Connect one end of the cable to monitor, You can’t go wrong with the choice of port, and the other end to the same port on the rear panel of the system unit. Be careful and careful, the connectors and sockets of the ports have a geometric shape; if connected correctly, no effort is required. If your cable has screws, tighten them lightly to secure the connection.

Advice: If the cable doesn't "go" don't push it or you may damage the connectors. Make sure the cable connector matches the connector on your computer, and then connect it.

Step 4

Take keyboard USB PS/2(purple round connector).

If you are using a USB connector, connect it to any of the USB ports on the back of your computer. If you are using a PS/2 connector, connect it to purple

Step 5

Take mouse and determine which connector it connects to the computer. It could be USB(rectangular connector white or black) or PS/2(green round connector). If your mouse has a USB connector, connect it to any of the available USB ports on the back of your computer. If you are using a PS/2 connector, connect it to green round port on the back of the computer.

If your keyboard has USB port, you can connect the mouse to the keyboard instead of connecting directly to the computer. Or you can connect a USB flashlight to this port to illuminate the keyboard and desktop. Also, the presence of a USB port is convenient when connecting a flash drive; there is no need to look for a connector on the computer, everything is at hand.

If you have wireless mouse or keyboard may need to be connected to Bluetooth adapter(USB adapter), it comes with the wireless device.

Step 6

if you have speakers or headphones, you can connect them to your computer in audio port(on the front or rear panel of the system unit). These ports have different colors, as do the plugs for connection. Columns or headphones connect to green port, microphone connects to pink (red) port. You can't go wrong by the color of the plug. Blue port can be used with other types of devices.

Some speakers, headphones and microphones have USB connectors instead of a regular audio jack. They can be connected to any USB port. In addition, some monitors have built-in speakers and a microphone; they will also need to be connected to the system unit. The same colored connectors are used for this.

Step 7

Take two power cable supplied with your computer and monitor. Connect the first power cable to the socket on the rear panel system unit, then in network filter. Then, using a different cable, connect monitor To surge protector.

Step 8

Finally, connect network filter into the socket. You may also need to include network filter it has a power switch.

Good afternoon friends! Recently, many users prefer to assemble a computer themselves. This is both educational and cheaper than buying a pre-assembled computer. Moreover, you yourself choose which boards you need. Some people order assembly from private specialists.

With such an assembly, there are often cases when the question is, why doesn’t the computer turn on? We can give ourselves the answer - the reasons have not been identified. The computer also often does not turn on when assembled by a computer store. Many people face this problem. This article is not enough to cover all these problems, but the recommendations given here will provide you with the first, and perhaps even the main, help in solving this problem. Now let's figure out our next steps. Why doesn't the computer turn on - the reasons for the failure?

The computer does not turn on when turned on, what should I do?

The first piece of advice is to be careful during assembly. After assembly, carefully check and inspect everything. After all, you are collecting it for yourself, and not for someone else’s guy. Also, during assembly, you should not rush, so as not to accidentally burn any element of the computer. Or God forbid the whole computer.

From practice it has been revealed that these problems arise less often in those who check everything done at once. Check yours, see if there are any chips on it, if it fits tightly on the socket. Before installing the cooler, be sure to apply thermal insulation paste. To do this, just one drop in the middle of the processor is enough. Check the quality of the cooler's connection to the processor (especially if the cooler model is non-standard). This is one of the main PC diseases in which the computer does not turn on - we will continue to look at the reasons. This check must be done not only upon completion of assembly, but also during assembly, after installing individual components.

Now let's assume your computer is assembled. You press the power button and get nothing. The PC is silent. What's happened? Let's think about it. Why won't your computer turn on? There may be several reasons.

Reasons for failure when turning on the computer

The most unpleasant option is that the PC does not want to turn on at all. The fans do not make noise, the PC Speaker does not make a peculiar squeak, etc. The worst option is if some of the computer elements are dead. Of these, the worst is if the motherboard, processor or power supply does not work. A broken motherboard is the worst. But diagnosis in such cases is quite simple.

First of all, in this case, we need to remove the cover of the system unit and make sure that electricity is supplied to the motherboard? This is quite easy to check; if the motherboard has a special LED, it lights up even when the Power button is not pressed. The essence of this LED is a signal about the supply of power to the motherboard.

The problem is that every motherboard has such an LED. In this case there will be more fuss. But let's say you have it and it doesn't light up. Of course it can burn out, but this is rare. There is only one conclusion: - your motherboard is not receiving power and that is why the computer does not turn on.

Why might this happen?

Only if your power supply is broken or defective. This will also happen if the power supply is overloaded. Overload occurs when there is a mismatch between the power of the power supply and the energy consumption required for all elements of the computer. Therefore, as I mentioned in the article, the power supply must be taken with a reserve of 10% of the energy consumed by all computer components.

Also in this case, be sure to check whether the toggle switch (additional power button) is turned on. Such cases happen when the computer does not turn on when turned on, the owners are carrying out repairs, and the additional power button is simply turned off.

Andrey Zimin December 19, 2013

An anecdote in every article.