What is hosting and domain name. What is a domain and hosting - simple and understandable words. What is domain

Host (from English Host - "Host hosting") - any device that provides customer-server technology for any interfaces and uniquely defined on this server. This is the place where various information is stored, for example, your site, because the concept of "host" is most often used in connection with the placement of the web resource on the Internet. In a more private case, the host is called a local computer connected to the Internet. To designate the host, its network name is used - if the host is a home computer, and a domain or an IP address - if we are talking about the host on the Internet.

Many sites determine the uniqueness of visitors to hosts, since each unique resource visitor corresponds to one host (that is, a local computer with Internet access). The concept of the host is adjacent to the concept as hosting. A hosting is understood by the server on which the files available to certain customers are stored. The server on which your resource will be placed may be in another city and even in another country. Hosting services are provided by a feasible basis. Even a computer for home use can act as hosting, provided that a special program will be installed on its hard disk, for example, Apache. Suppose it is planned to position several folders on the local server, access to each of which will have only a specific user, that is, each user will only be able to get into its folder. In addition, this host will necessarily have a hoster - a person with access to all folders and a setting server.

Why do you need domain

Domain (from English. Domain - "Sphere", "Territory") is the area of \u200b\u200bthe space of hierarchical names identified by the domain. In other words, under the domain it is understood as the address of the site, his name. The name of the site, or the address, is then needed to specify the visitors to the road to the resource.

Each computer enters the Internet has its own unique domain address (Domain Address), or a different domain name (Domain Name), or simply the host name (Host Name). The address, or domain, exists in the form of a word, sometimes numbers, separated by points. From the number of points in the name depends, the domain of which level before us. Most often there are domains of the first (or upper), second and third levels.

Video on the topic

Now the average and even small businesses can not do without its web resource, that is, the site. And in the creation of the site, the choice of hosting and domain plays an important role.

What is hosting

Hosting is the place where your resource is physically being physically located. Of course, the site can be placed on a personal computer, but in this case the network will be local. But not for the same site you created your site, so that it could see it only a small circle of people. Your resource should benefit both and people, because it is necessary to correctly administer it in the future, it means not to do. It is worth noting that when choosing a site dislocation site, you should not save, because from how the server will work on which your site is stored will depend on its performance. So look for hosters that guarantee uninterrupted server operation. It is better if the server on which the place will be allocated to your resource will be located in a major data center. In other words, hosting is a house for your resource. There is a server on which your website will be placed, maybe in another city and even in another country. Hosting is a paid service.

Why site domain

In addition to hosting, the site owner must come up with and register a name for its resource, that is, a domain, or a domain name. On him, people will come to your site. So, the domain should be simple, but at the same time understandable, memorable and meaningful, and not a set of letters. Know that the domain name can consist of no less than 2 characters, but not more than from 62. It can not begin and ends with a dash. You need to be prepared that most of the simple and attractive names are already dismantled, and the two sites with one domain cannot exist. You can add words like My, Online to your name as my, online, etc. To find out whether the domain is free, use one of the free services, for example, WHOIS.

So, the domain is selected. The next step will be its registration. I must say that this is a paid procedure. You must also be prepared one year after registering a domain to extend it, and this is also paid. You can register on one of the Internet registrars, for example, reg.ru.

If you decide to buy hosting and domain, it is better to do this in one company, because it will simplify the service of the resource and will help solve the problems that arise. ActiveCloud service, for example, provides hosting services and domain registration. Remember that both the hosting and the domain you will not be able to purchase forever, only rent. The minimum rental period of hosting is a month, a domain - year.

Video on the topic

Sources:

• how to choose a domain name for the site

The main advantage of free domains is that you can register them as much as you like and do not incur almost no costs. However, on this all the advantages of free domains and end.

Instruction

Free domains can be divided into two large groups - second-level domains and third level domains. Some Russian companies that provide hosting services offer their customers as a bonus to register a free domain (usually in the RU zone).

Another example of a second level - domains in TK, ML, GA and CF zones. In these zones, you can register domains, for example, from the Freenom registrar. Unavailable, two and three-letter domains are not available for free registration, as well as many single domains. Domain in TK, ML, GA and CF zones can be registered for a period of one to 12 months with the condition of free extension. At the same time, the domains can be renewed an unlimited number of times. Free domains can not be transferred, and it is possible to extend them only in the last two weeks before the expiration of the registration period. In addition, they must comply with the rules of use that Freenom defines or immediately (TK domains, for example, heads dot.tk).

To register a domain in the TK zone, go to the Dot.TK website and take a special form of the desired domain name. If such a domain name is not yet registered - you will be offered to select a domain registration period and register your own account. Registration as a Dot.TK user gives the right to extend domains, viewing statistics and using free service applications. If you refuse to register how the Dot.tk user (that is, you will register a domain in an anonymous mode), you cannot extend the domain when it expires for its registration.

Helpful advice

Domains in Zone.Tk formally relate to the territory of Tokelau - the three small islands that are under the Program of New Zealand. Toklau area is only 10 square kilometers.

Tip 4: What is a domain and what to pay attention to his choice

Historically, the domain was the hereditary land ownership. They could relate both land and build structures, whole cities and fortresses. Today, under this word, we understand only one thing - the name of the site.

So, the domain has each site and this is his unique name. By domain, each site is identified throughout the weight of sites that are on the Internet.

What can be domains? Top-level domains (for example.ru, .com, .gov and so on) may be national (RU, RF) or general use (COM, NET, ORG). The national domain may indicate a certain country, but also the region. Inside these domain zones, individuals and organizations register their domains, lower levels.

Most of the solid site owners try to register names for their sites in the domain zone, which will indicate either the country in which the target audience of the site is located, or in the one that will indicate the profile of its activity in some way. Another option to choose the name of the site is the creation of a funny or beautiful "phrase". A typical example is zajcev.net. Thus, it is already clear that the name for the site independently, but we must not forget that if such a name is already there, it is impossible to choose it.

What else to remember the domain registration? The domain can be both foreign and Cyrillic. It is better to invent a name for the site as short as possible and so that it is well remembered and it was easy to recruit it. You can check the name of the site that you who invented you can have the Russian domain name registrar, for example (https://www.nic.ru/dns/).

By the way, the memorable and original name of the site can later sell. At the auctions of domains, interesting domains are very expensive. If some well-known organization wants to smash the domain for its own use, then the benefit will be very large.

Tip: While enough little Cyrillic domains (those written in Russian) can be registered very promising for sale or development site name.

Web technology every day are deeply penetrated into our lives and many people have a desire to acquire their personal sites or a site for their business, but the incredible number of unknown and the main incomprehensible term from which the head goes is frightened. By the way, I myself never understood what a domain is and what hosting is. Below I will try to explain to you what hosting and domain is, simple words.

You probably understand what a domain is, but do not understand who gives him and what to do with it. Domain or, as a correct, domain name, and in more specifically speaking the address of the site can be compared with the cell phone number. That is, the recorder (cellular operator) in exchange for passport details and a small amount of money gives us a SIM card (domain name) and we are pleased with our farm.

Registrators of domain names in principle are not so much, NOO firms providing the possibility of registration much more, but they use the services of registrars. We can turn both to the registrar himself and to the intermediary, here see themselves it is not particularly critical because some intermediaries offer discounts on the domain and other services.

Domain levels

Like numbers, domains are different, or rather different levels:

1. Domain of the first level - This domain is called a domain zone, for example.ru, .com, .net, etc.
2. Second level domain - This is what we call the domain, that is, the usual address of the site in the form of site.ru, site.com, site.net, etc.
3. Third level domain - This kind of domain is called subdomain or subdomain And it looks like this, subdomain.site.ru, subdomain.site.com, subdomain.site.net, etc.

Registrar we get second level domain. Third level domain We can create already on hosting using a specific functionality, which has any hosting. Third-level domains we can create in any quantity If it is not limited to hosting, but usually such things are not limited.

But by itself the SIM card (domain) does not give us anything, we should also insert it somewhere?

What is hosting?

Hosting is a totality of resources, such as processor time, RAM, disk space for storing information. But if you follow our analogy with a cellular connection, then hosting is a telephone unit, and he, as you understand, can be any form and any company that made it in other words, the phone (hosting) we select already under your requirements. Hosting) perfectly performed certain tasks.

I do not in vain comparing hosting with the phone, because in the phone first you grant what? Right, quality and ease of use, hosting also has these two qualities for ease of use depends on its control panel. I tried the great many hosting, but the most convenient for me was hosting from the Russian company SpaceWeb, which is located in St. Petersburg.

If suddenly decide to register hosting from Space Web, specify promotional Ummiazed.

When paying for the year, get a big discount and free domain registration.

This is how SpaceWeb Hosting Control Panel:

Please note that on one page all information about hosting is collected, which reflects the current service of the service as the number of remaining funds, the number of days before the end of the paid period.

Hosting and domain in one place

Surely you know that in the departments of the stores where the phones sell, you can buy a SIM card immediately by connecting your phone to the same or another operator. So, in the case of hosting you can do the same. First register hosting, and then the domain. In the case of SpaceWeb, the domain can be registered free when paying hosting for a year will cost you this pleasure in 1908 unlike 2388 rubles per year for hosting and 370 rubles per domain per year when payment is monthly. I like payment for the year, so tastier.

Such a scheme is much more convenient for those who do not want to understand DS records and any such followment, since it is not particularly necessary for you, in any case at this stage, but I think in the future, it is also hardly necessary.

There is a domain and hosting what's next?

Now you need to install on the hosting engine (the correct name of the CMS) and set up this engine to your needs. Everyone, as a rule, recommend CMS WordPress, as this is a very powerful engine, on the basis of which you can make a site of any format starting with a personal blog, ending with an online store or corporate site.

How to pour a site for hosting?

Surely you had exactly this question, they say with the domain and hosting figured out, and the site how to run?Previously, a few years ago, it would be the topic for a separate article with a large number of letters, but the progress is not standing on the spot, and the company does not stop on the achieved and now start the site, in the presence of hosting with a domain you can in several, clicks. In the case of SpaWeb, the installation of the site is made so elementary that it is easier and nowhere.

To start the site, you need to install CMS, and for this I need only to go to the "Installing Programs" section (see photo).

Then I choose WordPress, namely, my site and websites of my clients are made, and click the "Install" button, then select the desired domain and click the Set button again. Ready! The site awaits settings, and with it, with the setting, you will handle, I assure you.

Hello, dear readers of the project "Anatomy of Business"! Webmaster Alexander with you. This is the first article from the site creation cycle on WordPress. If you ask why you need a site, then to get an answer to this question, I advise you to read my article. In it, I led an example of a site that brings its owners an income of 100,000 rubles. per month. This is exactly the initial stage and motivated me to open your own website.

When I decided to launch your own website, it turned out that most of the literature on this topic is designed for programmers and written by a specific language - very difficult for simple readers who are not familiar with programming. Given that I have a historical education and a humanitarian mindset, I hardly perceived what is written there. Therefore, I decided to create my leadership in which I will explain in a simple language, how to create your own website, without possessing special technical knowledge.

Domain and hosting. What it is?

The first step in the creation of the site is to check in the domain and renting hosting. Let's find out what it is, arguing with a simple and understandable language.

Domain - This is the name of your site. Each site - just like a person - has its name for which this site can be found on the Internet. The difference from human names is that people have names can coincide, i.e. there may be several people who have the same name, but the names of sites are unique, in other words, if our site has any name, then another Site with the same name as our, does not exist. For example, the name of the site where you read this article. By typing in the web browser bar, this address will go to the site's main page:

The site search by his name is carried out using the general register of domain names.

Hosting - This is essentially the computer on which your site is. If you wish, hosting can be made even from your home computer. But since the site should be available constantly, at any time of the day and night, then the computer on which it is located should work around the clock. Therefore, if you post your site on a home computer, it will have to keep it permanently enabled. For this reason, for hosting it is better to use computers that are not at home, and are located in a specially equipped room and belong to the provider. Such computers are given to you. If something needs to be done on such a computer, you can connect remotely to it.

Stage 1. Hosting rental on

We have already closely approached the registration of the domain name for our site and the design of documents for renting hosting. Now step by step will look what you need to do.

2) Press the button Apply.

3) Click link Virtual hosting.

4) Fill the following fields:

5) While we are only interested in the control panel. Go to the main page of the Timewebi go to your personal account.

6) In the Personal Accum Go to the section Finance.

7) In the list Hosting services Select item 1 300 rub. (Discount 9%). In chapter Select a Payment Method We choose one of the proposed payment transfer systems. Personally, I use WebMoney. If you do not have an electronic wallet, you can pay for a bank card or use Sberbank's receipt.

Stage 2. Domain Registration through

8) Go to the section Domains and subdomains. Press the button Register a new domain.

9) We check whether the desired domain is free, i.e. it does not exist somewhere on the Internet spaces with the same name as we want to give our site. If the domain is free, i.e., no one has yet used such a name, send it for registration. To do this, press the button Add to registration.

10) Add a user to whom we give administrator rights. To do this, click link Add admin.

11) A window will open, where you need to enter the personal data of the person who will receive administrator rights. In this case, you will be yourself. Indicate only your real data, because this information goes to a single database of domain names and it is according to it for ownership of ownership of a domain. When you enter all the necessary user information, click Create.

12) After you entered the administrator information, press the button Register domains And we make payment.

So, today we made the first (and the most important) step in creating your own website: registered a domain and paid hosting. Now you need to wait a bit to go through the so-called delegation of the domain. As a rule, this procedure takes from four hours to days. During this time, the domain will be entered into a single base, and after that the user from anywhere in the Earth will be able to go to our site.

If something turned out to be not clear asked questions in the article under this article. As a supplement I recommend to see this video:

How do transport tax pay in the Rostov region?

Hello, dear blog readers Website. Today we will talk about what your sites can be found on the Internet and find out what a domain and hosting is.

In short, then in order for any user from anywhere in the world to attend your site, it must be positioned on special servers and give a unique name. The service provision on the server is called hosting, and a unique name is called the domain name of the site. Now let's talk about all these terms ...

How the Internet network works. Domains, IP addresses and DNS servers

So, how is the work of an ordinary person on the Internet? The user starts on a computer connected to the network a special program for viewing web pages () and in the address bar dials the address of the desired site. In case the site is available, the browser opens the required page.

The site address is usually indicated as URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - Uniform resource locator. Usually, the URL or address of the site looks like this:

It can be divided into several parts:

1. http: // - The protocol on which will be exchanged data between the browser and the web server and special characters :// .
2. website - Site name or domain.
3. /html_i_css/kak-sozdat-web-stranicu.html. - Path to the site page.

In turn, all sites available on the Internet are located on computers with special software. Such a computer is called web server..

When you specify the address, the user does not even suspect that the symbolic name of the site or domainnothing means for web servers. Web servers are focused on the network only by iP addresses. In general, each computer connected to the network has its own unique IP address, which is a sequence of four numbers, separated by points. Each number can lie in the range from 0 to 255. Example IP address: 192.168.1.38. Consequently, any computer or server on the network can be found only by the IP address.

How then the browser finds the desired website if the user enters only the site name and does not indicate the IP address? Everything is very simple. To communicate IP and domain names used domain Name or DNS system (Domain Name System). DNS is a hierarchy of special servers that transform domain names to the IP address and vice versa.

Therefore, when you appeal through a browser or any other program to a specific site, using its URL address, your computer first refers to the nearest DNS server to find out the IP address of the Web server on which the site is located. And after receiving the Aypishnik, the request is sent to the desired web server.

By the way, you can find the IP address of the site using the usual Windows command line, putting it. To do this, call the command line using the Windows + R key combination and enter the command in the black window that opens:

ping.<название сайта>

For example:

As a result, you will see the IP address of the server on which the site is located, and the response time:

But still the only full and unique address of the site is its domain name, since on one web server, and therefore the IP address may be several several sites. A unique address of the site's document is its URL.

In addition to the unique address, the domain name performs the following objectives:

1. It is much more convenient to remember the text name of the site than the digital IP address.
2. The ability to transfer the site from one Web server to another with various IP addresses without changing the domain name. That is, you can change the hosting without painfully (what is hosting we consider below).

So the IP addresses are not particularly interested in us, then consider more details what a domain is and what they happen.

What is a domain name and domain levels

Domain name - A unique symbolic sequence denoting the site name and helping to identify your site among many others. The domain name may consist of the symbols of the Latin alphabet, the digits and the symbol of the defisis "-".

If you notice, there is always a point in the entry of domain names, or even two:

Points shared the site name on domain name levels. The countdown level is carried out on the right left. In the example above RU - domain of the first level, Webcodius is a second-level domain. Usually the number of levels is limited to two - three.

First level domains Call domain zones and distributed into two groups:

• CCTLD (Country Code Top-Level Domain) - national or geographic domains that determine the affiliation of the site to a particular country or territory. For example, the RU domain belongs to Russia, by - Belarus, KZ - Kazakhstan.
• GTLD (GENERIC TOP-LEVEL DOMAIN) - general domains. Such domains can determine the site affiliation to a certain category or type of activity. For example, the EDU domain is used for educational institutions, and Travel for tourism.

Second-level domain names Registrars are registered. Each country has a number of registrar companies responsible for the distribution of second-level domains in national zones. To find out which companies have the right to sell domains in Russia on the website of the Coordination Council CCTLD.RU. General use domains can be bought from any registrar, not only at the national.

In turn, usually companies have a whole network of partners - resellers, Which are selling domain names from their behalf. Moreover, the prices of registration of domains from resellers at times lower than that of registrars.

The rights to the second level domain are purchased for a year. Every next year the right to hold the domain must be renewed. If this does not happen, then in a month the domain name will be able to acquire anyone.

Check the domain for employment You can website any registrar. For example, on the site www.nic.ru right on the start page in the Domain field, enter the name of the name:

And by clicking the "Check" button, check the domain for employment in various zones:

Thus, when buying a domain name, you can find out in what zones it is free. Sometimes, even if the domain take the opportunity to make a pre-order. In this case, the registrar will prepay from you and when the domain is free to report it.

In the process of buying a domain, you enter into an agreement with the company and on its website you will have a personal account, where you can manage domain names purchased from him. For example, you can register a list of NS servers in the case of transferring your site to another hosting.

By the way, many hosting companies are also resellers of official registrars and they can be purchased domain. Some hosting companies can provide a domain as a gift. So, for example, the Hoster Become.Ru when paying hosting immediately for the year domain receive a gift for free.

Currently, there are also many sites of site designers, which allow you to create a website or create an online store for free with some restrictions, but the domain name and hosting are also provided for free.

What is hosting and how to choose it

Hosting - This is the provision of physical resources on the server to place the files of your site. That is, in order to place your website on the Internet, you contact the hosting-privanist, which provides a place on the hard disk of your server.

The connection between the domain and hosting is carried out using special DNS servers, which also provides a hosting provider.

The physical resources that you take to rent a site usually possesses certain characteristics. When choosing a host should pay attention to the following characteristics.:

1. Disk space Allocated to store files of your sites. Usually measured in gigabytes. Usually, this characteristic is not particularly important for me, I calmly grabs one gigabyte even for several sites. But if you have any site photo themes with a lot of high-quality photos or a lot of video information will be laid out on the site, then you should pay attention to this parameter.

2. Number of sites or domain nameswhich you can create. That is, you have several sites, for example, five, it is not necessary for everyone to buy a separate tariff, it will be enough to connect five sites one with the ability.

3. The ability to access the Site on the FTP Protocol. FTP access is needed to fill the hosting files of your site using a special program.

4. Support for certain languages \u200b\u200band databases. For example, for CMS (content management system) WordPress and Joomla must be required pHP language support and MySQL database. Often, support for such programming languages \u200b\u200bas Perl or Phyton may be necessary.

5. Very important parameter is Permissible load on the processor and on the database.The characteristic is especially relevant for highly used projects. When the limit is exceeded, the hoster can block your site for a while. And if the blocking will be repeated very often, in the future, the site traffic can sharply cut.

6. And the most important parameter is the availability of a responsive and operational support service. Because in the case of some failures or troubleshooting in the work of the hosting, in most cases it can only help.

In conclusion, it can be concluded that hosting should be reliable quick, with a large set of technical capabilities and with responsive and prompt support service.

In the course of a long search, I stopped at the Beget hosting. In my opinion, this hosting is especially suitable for novice webmasters, as it has an intuitive interface, and if any problem occurs, the technical support service will come to the rescue.

On this, everyone, good luck to you and see you in the following articles!

Good time day Readers of my blog! In touch again, Roman Chuechev and I have very bad news for you. If you have made an excellent site with an excellent design, but did not apply to the provider and the concepts do not have about hosting and domain - the chance that the Internet users find out, it is equal to zero.

"What is hosting and domain with simple words?" - It is this question that we will consider in our today's article. It will be very informative, so read to the end.

Why all this

Speaking very simply domain and hosting - this is where your World Wide Web will "live".

Hosting allows you to store your computer data in a specific place on the Internet, in turn, the domain is consolidated by this space the desired address.

Think ourselves, if the site is simply located on your "computer", who besides you, acquaintances or colleagues can see it? That is why, for him, it is necessary to find a virtual space.

It is necessary to immediately say that both hosting and domain can not buy once and forever. They can only be leased. Usually, the first is rented for a year, the second one for one month. After that, one should periodically pay for them the required amount. This amount is individual depending on the provider.

Speaking figuratively is a home for the site.

When contacting the provider, a specialist can advise you to buy a virtual or dedicated server, the size of space for data, etc. You, in turn, you may think and decide which you need.

Next, you get the desired space on the server hard disk. In essence, this is a little your house. The hard disk, which is part of the provider's server, can be compared with a variety of buildings (the date of the centers). All equipment is constantly online.

But even if your hosting is already on the network, then at the first stage it resembles a house that has no address. And, really, you will not send a letter to the village of Grandfather, Makar Ivanovich. "

None of the World Wide Web users has no idea where your site or portal is located. For this reason, it is critical that he would have its name (address). Like the name of the house, which includes the name of the street and numbers, the domain name also consists of 2 elements.

So, the first part (domain level or expansion) describes what country it is used in ( ru - So Russia en - England, jP. - Japan, kg. - Kyrgyzstan), etc. Also, the extension may indicate what "activity" is engaged in ( som. - commercial, net. - Network, mil. - Military and t.).

The second part of the domain name is her main part.

So, for example, if the site is to refer to the Internet - edition, it is presented in the following form - Vesti.ru, the library Moshkov - lib.ru, the commercial site of the Google search engine - Google.com I.T.D. (Domain zones - RU and SM).

The most popular users

To date, the most common hosting are:

• https://mchost.ru/;
• http://timeweb.com/;
• https://www.beget.ru/;
• http://www.hostinger.ru/ - free;
• https://www.nic.ru/ - Hosting Registrar, Domain,
• http://fastvps.ru. - Hosting Fast VPS,
• and many others.

As for the cost of various providers, they are considered depending on the reliability, speed and availability of special options.

On average, the amount of hosting for users is from 75 to 200 rubles per month and higher.

Are all hosting charges?

Not everyone. There are firms that are and free services. However, as you know, "free cheese" is only in a mousetrap.

Often, free hosting does not guarantee reliability.

So, as resources are very popular with newbies, it is placed on it a huge number of various resources. Of course, the speed of their download can be very bad.

Thus, no buyer of goods and services will not lose their time, waiting for the site. It is easier for him to go to your competitor.

Another minus is that most often free hosting are not responsible for the services provided.

Therefore, "complain" will be no one. Also, there is no guarantee that one day will not be paid. In addition, in free Internet resources there are a bunch of limitations for supporting scripts, databases, file placement, etc.

A huge amount of advertising on it can also be "leaving" the client. Well, finally, the "advanced" client understands that the site placed on, indicates that the company is very and very dubious, as it cannot afford a paid analogue. And this is the direct damage of the company's reputation.

Flour of choice

The site owner who wants to get quality hosting services can be advised to use the services. virtual hosting FastVPS.. I'll tell you in detail in the near future.

Unlike the usual physical server, the virtual is posted on the network. If the usual Servak \u200b\u200brequires very large payment (which includes maintenance, maintaining in working condition, depreciation), then the virtual has great stability and speed, as well as low price.

If you want to place your resources on such a server, it is better to use the services of a dedicated server http://fastvps.ru.which provides a large functionality at the most favorable value. I myself use it, so I recommend it to you. But I will tell you about all the advantages of this service in another article.