Single switch. What is the passage switch. Installation work

Switch, it is the switch. Some call it a "cake" switch. The algorithm for its work is definitely determined by the name. The switch provides a connection of a single contact with one or another of two alternatives. Rarely, but three-key switches are found.

It should be noted that prices for passing switches have recently often even lower than the usual switches of the same manufacturer (for example, this refers to Legrand).

Therefore, many sellers have been tightened to buy switches, offering switches instead. In essence, there is nothing wrong with that. Just use two of the three contact contacts - common and one of the alternatives. Moreover, the appearance of such devices is similar.

Lighting control of two places

The use of switches allows you to organize the power on and off (usually, - lighting) from several points. The first figure shows the principle of operation of such a scheme. The meaning of her work is that in the chain consisting of two ones on the enabled switches (alternative contacts are connected), changing the position of any of the switches immediately causes the connection or disconnection of common contacts.

Picture 1

For a conventional switch, the "enabled" state and "off" is determined by the key position. For a circuit of two switches, with any fixed position, the key of a single switch can be turned on or off the connected load, changing the position of the other switch key.

The main problem when installing the passing switches is a very accurate definition of assigning all the contacts of the installed devices. The same instrument concept can be implemented constructively completely differently.

All three contacts can be on one side of the mechanism, can be distributed in any combination at any points. Switches release a variety of manufacturers (Legrand, ABB, Schneider Eltctric ...).

Example of the location of the passing switches in the figure (Figure 2)

If the concept of using switches to control the light of two places looks very simple, then the real connection using junction box requires increased care.

As shown in the picture with the connection scheme, at least two dwelling and two three-tier wires are connected in the junction box.

Connecting two switches from different places (Figure 3)

When using two-block switches, the number of wires suitable to them increases twice.

Lighting control of three places

If you carefully look at the next drawing, it can be seen that you can control the lighting from three places and, in general, from any number of places. To do this, only you need to put an additional device in the gap between our simplest switches.

This device is called a cross (or intermediate) switch. If you carefully look at Figure 4, it becomes clear that this device consists of two passing switches between which a mechanical connection is installed.

Figure 4. Connecting from three places and more

On the one hand, the two-wire line from the first in the circuit of the switch is attached to the shared contacts of both switches included in the intermediate switch. The output alternative contacts of these switches are combined as shown in the figure.

Figure 5. Example of 3 switches

As a result, we have two operating conditions of the intermediate switch. Either the input two-wire line continues after this switch "as is", or after switching line, the line is changed in places ("crossed", from here and name). Thus, we have a device that performs a function similar to the one that performs the first or last in the circuit switch.

Figure 6.

In the state, which is shown in the figure, the chain is closed. It can be opened by changing the state of any of the switching devices.

Installation of such a scheme (see the connection scheme in the figures) is complicated only from the point of view of the abundance of the connected wires. When using one junction box in it, it is necessary to connect in seven points (twist, terminal connectors) two dwellings, two three-core and one four-core wire. For such a number of wires and connections, a fairly overall junction box is needed.

The situation can be slightly relieved by using an additional junction box (as shown in the following figure).

Figure 7. Connecting switches circuit in 2 junction boxes

Two-block switches

All discussed devices are available in two-block design. The LEGRAND firm two-mapping switching circuit is shown in Figure 8. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the two-lying switches are structurally made in the form of a combination of two switches installed in the mechanism meet with respect to each other.

Figure 8.

When installing such devices, it is necessary to very accurately deal with the appointment of all contacts.

Generally speaking, the use of two-lying switches is a rather rare phenomenon. In this case, the number of switched wires is doubled compared to their number required when using single-wave devices. And we have already noted that the number of wires and compounds in such schemes is far from small.

A few words about the use of passing and intermediate switches. First of all, they are comfortable in rooms and on sites, the size of which is large, and the input and exit are far from each other. It is convenient to use such a technique for lighting the tracks in the garden, hallway or the porch of the house, very often they are used to control light on the stairs of a high-rise building.

To control the lighting from a large number of points, the use of passing and intermediate switches is the method of reliable, but very expensive from the point of view of the spending of wires and complexity of switching work.

Figure 9.

More acceptable in this case is the use of bistable (that is, having two stable states) relays. To manage such relays, pulse signals from switch-buttons are used (switches without location). Signals from all such buttons have a bistable relay in parallel.

Figure 10. Bistable relay

It turns out very flexible and easy to perform a control circuit with an unlimited number of control places. In itself, the bistable relay is usually made in the form of a standard module mounted on a din rail in boxing. The main disadvantage of such a scheme is that it is usually possible to purchase a bistable relay, as a rule, only in a specialized firm.

If you are interested in such a question as a diagram of connecting the passing switch, then most likely you already know what it is for the device and how it acts. For those who are first faced with such a concept, we will briefly tell me why you need passage switches and what their difference from ordinary devices, and then consider in detail how to connect the passage switch yourself. If you have any little less with electricity and in your life, you have been able to put out the sockets with the switches, it should not have problems with the passing device. The main thing is to understand everything carefully.

Where are applied?

The passing switches are switching devices, with which you can control one lighting device from two places, which have a fairly wide range of applications.

Such lighting control is very convenient in large areas, such as concert and sports halls, or long corridors and tunnels. The two switches are installed at different parts of the room and from both of these points you can turn on and disconnect the luminaires. That is, they went into the corridor, pressed the switch key at the entrance and tanned the light bulbs in the room, then passed across the room, and at the output, the second switch shuts off the lighting devices.

Particularly convenient and practical scheme for connecting the passing switch from 2-seats in large country houses, where there are large living rooms and dining rooms, staircases and marches, lighting of the yard and garden tracks. For example, through such a switch, you can connect an external flashlight, which illuminates the entrance to the house. You turned on the lantern from the street, and when they went to the house, turned off it already from the inside. And, on the contrary, when leaving the house outside, you turned the street lamp in advance from the room, and then we turned off it on the street.

The use of such switching devices in addition to practicality, also brings and economic effect, due to the fact that electricity consumption is reduced. For example, climbing the stairs, you turn on the lighting with one switch on the first floor, and turn off the other on the second. In the event that the light switch at the entrance to the staircase is ordinary, then until you descend back, the lamp will burn, and the counter to wove the kilowatts.

In ordinary apartments, connecting the passage switch is relevant in the bedrooms when turning on the lighting at the entrance to the room, turn off it already lying in bed with the second apparatus installed somewhere near the head of the head of the head.

Especially convenient to use such switches in residential areas where there are passage rooms.

So if you are planning a repair or installation of new wiring in the house, then refer to the ability to use the passage switch. The scheme of such lighting control will really make your life much more comfortable.

Constructive features

Before considering possible options for connecting the passing switches, it is necessary to look prettune in its constructive performance and principle of operation, then everything will become understandable and the inclusion scheme in its total electrical network will not seem so difficult.

Externally, such a device is no different from the ordinary switch. Nevertheless, they perform absolutely different functions. The usual apparatus has two states:

"Inclusive", in this case, the electrical circuit circuit occurs, according to which the current flows and the voltage goes to the lighting device, as a result of which the lamps light up;
"Disabled", the electrical chain is open, the current comes only to the location of the chain break, the voltage of the lamp does not arrive, the light bulbs are not burning accordingly.

Even if you put two conventional switches on one light bulb at different parts of the room, it will simply be a chain of a serial connection of the elements, it will not be possible to control the lighting of 2 seats.

The main difference between the passage switch from the usual consists in the contact system.

a typical switch has 2 contacts.

The ordinary apparatus has two places to connect wires, that is, one contact at the inlet and at the output. And inside the contact system there is a movable element, which, when exposed to it using a drive with the key, closes or opens the input and exhaust contacts.

The design of the passage switch is distinguished by three contacts - one at the inlet and two at the output. When you press the key and use it to act on the inner moving element (in this device it is a cross-type), in any case it will close one or the second chain in the middle, it can not stand. That is, there is always a chain between the entrance and one of the outputs, the inner moving element is either thrown into one way out or on another.

So the contact system of the passing switch does looks and works. Well, on top, it, like the usual device, has a plastic protective frame and a key with which switching occurs. The only difference is the key there are small triangles, as if directed in different directions of the arrow, it is precisely for such a labeling that the passing unit can be distinguished from the usual one.

Note! Due to the fact that the passing switches are, in fact, the devices that duplicate each other, their keys do not have a clearly defined position "enabled" and "disabled". The position of the key can be different every time, depending on which state is currently being a pair device contacts.

Switching Scheme, Installation and Connection

Necessary materials and tools

To implement the control circuit with a single lamp of two different places, you will need the following items:

You will need a multimeter (or tester), screwdrivers (cruciform and flat), indicator pumping, passatias or sideness, knife or other tool for removing insulation wires, level and roulette, as well as a perforator with special nozzles in order to make in the wall Holes for mounting boxes.

Preparation of Stroke

Before making the ships, I would immediately want to warn, do not grab the run of the hammer and the chisel or for the power tool. The first thing you need is a pencil with paper.

First, depict the entire plan of your wiring on the sheet: where the lamps and the distribution box will be located, where it is better to install the first passage switch, and where the second, how best to bring electrical wires to all these elements. Be sure to take into account, from which your walls are made, what to choose a method of sticking. Laying wires in the walls is not performed mindlessly, there are regulatory documents that should not be neglected, and it is better to take and familiarize themselves.

I would like to remind the most highlights:

Shoots make only vertically or horizontally, no oblique should not be.
Do not bring the vertical shoes to the door and windowes per distance less than 100 mm, and to gas pipes less than 400 mm.
The path of the switchboard from the junction box to the locations of the switches must have a minimum number of turns.

According to the rules, we melt the electrical wiring, check the paths of the wires along the walls and only then proceed to the stroke. To do this, you can use:

The chisel with the hammer (as they say, cheap and angrily, but for a long time, not very convenient and not very smooth turns on the shoes).
Bulgarian (conveniently and fast, robes are flat, but a lot of dust at the same time).
A shock drill or a perforator (quickly and clean, but the shorters are not very smooth).
Special tool Strocorez (the shoes will be perfect, with the width and depth of the specified sizes, but the tool itself is too expensive).

Video tutorial about the stroke of the walls:

Clean finished shoes from dust using a broom or vacuum cleaner. Now you can lay wires in them and fix with alabaster.

In the case of plasterboard sheets, wires are placed in mounting boxes, trays, corrugated pipes.

Holes under the junction box, as a rule, are made under the ceiling at a distance of 10-15 cm from it. Mounting boxes for switches do how it is convenient for you, but usually put them at the level of an adult hand lowered.

Electrical Link

Connection diagram of a simple passage switch is as follows. You will have 4 triple wires to the junction box:

one from the distribution panel (phase, zero and earth come from the power supply network);
one wire on the lighting device (also phase, zero and ground). If your lamp is not structuring structurally, you will be enough two-tier wire (only phase and zero).
on 2 passing switches from the junction box, you need to pave separate triple wires.

The wire section should be selected depending on the power of the plug-in lighting load.

In the junction box you will have 6 connections:

A zero coming from the supply network must be connected to a zero living, going to the luminaire cartridge.
Grounding veins from the supply network, respectively, connects to the grounding of the lamp.
The power supply phase is connected to the wire that connects to the incoming contact of the first passage switch.
The lighting device phase is connected to the wire that connects to the incoming contact of the second passage switch.
There are two veins from the outgoing contacts of the first switch and two veins from the outgoing contacts of the second. They must be connected in the junction box in pairs among themselves. There are two more connections.

Order order

Important to remember! Any repair work or installation of electrical wiring, start only after a complete de-energization of the room in which you are going to work, and check the absence of voltage.

Connecting wires in the junction box start from zero wire. Very convenient when each lived has a separate color execution. As a rule, for zero take the core in the isolation of blue. Take and connect the blue veins of the wire coming from the supply network and running from the junction box to the lamp.

Then connect the grounding wires from the supply network and from the lamp, it can be veins, which is insulated with a yellow or green color.

Next, connect the phase wires. As a rule, the phase is accepted in a white insulation. Connect the white wires of wires from the power supply and the first passage switch. Do the same with white veins of the lamp wires and the second passing switch.

Now you have two pairs of wires in the junction box not connected wires - blue and yellow (green), which comes from the output contacts of two switches. Here everything is very simple - connect them between themselves in color.

Clean the necessary connections in the cartridge of the lighting instrument, connect the phase and zero core to its contacts, also ground the luminaire case.

Now it is necessary to connect the veins of wires with the switch terminals. Take the device and carefully look at his back side, all terminals are marked. From the other side, where one terminal and drew the letter "L" Connect the phase white wire. To the terminals, marked numbers "1" and "2", respectively, in the first and in the second switches, connect the same colors in the second (for example, to "1" blue, to "2" yellow (greene)).

Secure the switches in the submersors, install the protective covers and keys.

Before everything to be insulated in the junction box, it is advisable to check the correct operation of the passing switches. Turn the voltage from the distribution panel, press the first switch key, the lamp must turn around. Now press the second switch key, the lamp went out. Do so several times and in reverse order. If everything works well, it means that the plug-in lamp is properly connected to the control circuit of them from two different places.

In the details, the connection circuit circuit disassembled in these videos:

Completion of work

And now quite a bit about how to correctly insulate the locations of the connections in the junction box.

First, the twists for reliability are desirable even suck.

Secondly, insulation only with materials specifically designed for this. PVC isolation tape is best suited. Moreover, now it is produced in different colors, each compound can be wrapped with a corresponding color with a tape, thus denoting zero, phase and ground. A good modern and reliable insulating material - a shrink tube. Also, the seats of twist of wires can be insulated with caps.

Sometimes there are situations where one group of lighting devices should be controlled not to their two, but from three places. For example, in a high-rise building, when it is desirable that the lighting can be turned on and off on each floor. Or in very long corridors in which doors come out of several rooms (office space, hotels, hotels). In this case, applied connection diagram of the passing switch of three pointsThis will make a detailed conversation in a separate article.

Some prefer to install lamps with motion sensors, rather than the passage switch. The connection diagram is also not complicated, but in terms of practicality, the motion sensors are still losing through passing switching devices. There are too many factors that will affect the constant switching on-shutdown of these sensors (the number and time of stops, the speed of movement, etc.).

As you can see, there is nothing complicated in the connection of the passing switches. So if in your apartment or country house there are places to apply a similar scheme, do not neglect it. Starting to use, you will soon feel as convenient and comfortable.

The passage switch significantly expands the ability of users to control lighting devices. The design and diagram of connecting the passage switch allow you to control one lighting device or a group of lamps from several places. It is widely used in buildings, individual rooms and structures of various purposes with large areas.

Using passing switches in the house

Having passage switches at different parts of the stadium, a concert hall or other extensive objects, you can enable all lighting at the input. If you need to exit the construction on the opposite side, you do not need to return to the switch that the light was turned on - on the other output there is the same passage switch. Electrical circuits with passage switches allow you to control the lighting from several different places.

It is very convenient to use such electric machines in underground transitions, tunnels, increasingly schemes with passing switches are used in private houses and on stair marches in the entrances of multi-storey houses.

Design and principle of operation

The passage switch in appearance is no different from ordinary products. A significant difference in the design of the contact group, which is hidden inside the case. A simple switch closes and unlocks the electrical circuit on one wire. Diagram of connecting the passage switch When the position changes, the keys is changed by one chain and immediately closes the other. The principle of crossing the contacts of the scheme ensures the operation of the switches to the pair to control the same light source. By technical solution, such an element in the scheme would correctly be called the passage switch, but the switch. Professional terminology has already been formed, and changes can make only more confusion, so everything remains as it is.

When crossing contacts of the passing switch, one section of the lighting circuit opens, and another closes. The connection switch circuit is changed so that any of the switches is ready to enable or turn off the light. The passage switch can only be used in a pair with another. There is practically the possibility of connecting to the circuit of the passage switch so that it works as simple, but then the meaning of all elements of its design is lost.

Views

Like ordinary switches, passing are separated depending on the type of wiring: for external wiring, for hidden wiring.

According to the constructive execution of contact terminals: terminals with screw clamps, terminals clamping spring.

By number of keys:

classic;
two-block;
three-block.

They have everything like ordinary switches, the difference in the design and operation of the contact group. The principle of a single-wave passage switch is to cross the input contact to one of the two weekends. Two-block feeding switches, like three-block, in their enclosure contain 2 or 3 constructions of the single-wave switch group.

Connecting the passage switch is simple, everything can be made with your own hands. The number of contacts, keys, sizes of switches, the principle of operation remains one.

The scheme of the structure of one-, two-, and three-block switches

a model switch has one introductory terminal and two weekends;
two-block switch - two input terminals and four weekends;
three-block switch - three input terminals and six weekends.

Lighting control with 2 beds

One lighting device or a group of luminaires can be controlled from two places: it can be a score in the corridor or lampposts along the garden path. A regular circuit of connecting the passing switch is required, more precisely with two passing uniform switches, because they only work in pairs. This example is the easiest way to understand how the passing switches work. The figure below shows how to connect the passage switch to the circuit.

Scheme for switching on the passing switches

The phase from the 220 V network connects to the input terminal of one of the passing switches, its terminals at the outlet are connected to the second output. There remains the free input terminal of the second switch, it is connected to the lighting device. The second contact of the lighting device is connected to the zero network wire. According to the scheme, it can be seen that the lamp is in the off state, when the position of the contact group of any switch is shown to it, the current is supplied. The following switching on one of the two switches breaks up the chain, the lamp will go out.

Closer to the real conditions, the installation scheme shows the picture of the pavement of cables and wires in the junction box. According to PUE requirements (rules of electrical installations) in this case, a cable with three copper conductors is used:

red - phase;
blue - 0;
yellow-green - ground wire.

Cable and wires in the junction box

The scheme is divided into four sections of the chain:

cable from the power supply 220 V: from a protective machine in a camshaft to the box;
cable from one passing switch to the packer box;
cable from another passage switch to the pavement box;
cable from the lighting device before the junction box.

The box starts four cables.

Requirements for the color of wires according to the functional purpose are fully fulfilled in two sections. From the switchboard and the lamp to the box when the contacts of the passing circuit breakers are compiled, they are partially executed. It is allowed to use wires of any color. If confused, check the multimeter in the ring mode or other measuring instrument. The input contacts of the switches must be connected to the phase (red) wire.

To manage the two lighting groups, a diagram of connecting a two-block passage switch is used. If a person understands how the classroom switching switches are connected, it will figure it out how to connect a triple switch.

Connection diagram of a two-block passage switch

Lighting control of 3 beds

To control the lighting of three seats, the cross-pass switch will be required. You can install it in any convenient place. In the circuit, the cross switch connects between the usual passing switches. They can be used on stair marches, to illuminate yards and other objects, at the request of the customer.

The cross switch is easy to make it yourself, for this you need to remake a two-block passage switch. Two jumpers are put on the output contacts, and the two keys are combined into one, you can simply glue one to another. It is necessary to glue so that the mounting holes on the keys coincide with the pins on the switch. The gap between the keys can be compensated by a cardboard laying to which the plastic strips should be glued on both sides.

There are finished products in stores, you can not reinvent the bike, just buy and put.

Lighting control circuit out of 3 beds

On Schemes A1 and A2 (below), different connection options are shown, but the functional purpose remains the same - the principle of pavement of contacts is observed.

Cross-Switch Connection Options

In cases where the illumination element is a large chandelier with two groups of bulbs or simply two rows of sconium along a long corridor, you need to use two-block passage and cross-switches. The scheme is a bit more complicated, but it can be seen that the same principle of crossing contacts works. When the light source is turned off with one circuit breakers, contacts are closed the circuits of other switches.

The scheme is in such a state that when you press any key of this group of luminaires, the current passes to the contacts of the lamps. Based on these schemes, it is possible to control lighting from four or more places, inserting additional cross-switches.

Four Switches Connection Scheme

Example of use

To the situation when the Dark Yard needs to go to the house, the scheme with the passing switches in two places is perfect. In a private house, it is easy to implement this project with your own hands. In the hallway next to the distribution shield you need to install the junction box and one passage switch. The second - it is necessary to put on the inside on the fence near the wicket, as lighting devices, you can use lampposts installed along the track. In large stores of electrical goods there are many options with original decorative trim.

Connection should be made according to the above scheme. The cable from the street switch and between the colums is recommended to lay underground in plastic pipes. It is not necessary to hit deeply, 30-40 cm to protect against mechanical damage will be enough. To take into account the depth of the freezing in each region does not make sense, it is not a water supply, the copper wires will not be promoted.

How to connect. Video

How to connect the passage switch over all the rules, you can learn from this video.

Having studied the principles of the scheme with two classmate switches and gather it with their own hands, it is possible to start the installation of more complex circuits with two-block switches in three places or three-block - in two places, if there is a need.

The passing switches allow you to control one model of lighting equipment (lamp, chandelier, flooring) from several rooms, and you can do it at the same time. It is important to know how to connect the passage switch so that all the luminaires work properly. To do this, use the appropriate schemes.

The passing switches are an indispensable option in private houses, in the layout of which there are several rooms located on different floors. Relevant connection schemes can be chosen for large apartments, institutions with a corridor type plan. The advantages of such options include not only convenience, but also the ability to reduce the volume of electricity consumed: the light is lit only where it is necessary. In the rest of the premises, the lighting does not turn on, respectively, and the energy is not spent.

Connecting the passing switches in the junction box

The passing switches differ from standard models in the following features:

There are three contacts in their design, unlike typical models that have two contacts.
The equipment allows you to quickly change the "phase" on the second or on the third contact from the first.

Important!The function of the light source, in the conditions of the corresponding scheme, can perform luminescent, LED, energy-saving and any other lamps. It is noteworthy that the scheme can be used as part of the load of almost any type, which is controlled from different sections of the room.

Distributor group of passing switches

Connection diagram: 2 places

Those who are interested in how to connect the passage switch of the connection circuit for 2 places will be especially useful. In fact, the process is practically no different from a similar scheme operating with the standard type switch. The main differences are as follows:

The total number of contact type terminals
The number of wires that must be brought to the equipment.

Important: Connecting the passage switch is carried out in three wires and in the same number of terminals. A wire with three veins will be required, which will need to be carefully eliminated to the switch in the direction of the distribution box.

Control circuit of the passing switches of two elements

As part of this connection scheme, the distribution box is activated, the passing switches are also used in the number of two pieces. The box, as already noted above, you should conduct wires leading from the chandelier or any other lamp. Wires with three veins are pulled from the switch. Connecting the passage switch according to the circuit from two seats implies the use of the phase wire. It is recommended to adhere to the execution of work in the next sequence:

From the pane type box, the phase wire is stretched to the contact portion of the contacts on the first switch
Contacts are fixed on wires that stretch from other such contacts in the design of the second switch
The input contact of another switch is connected to the lamp wire, a beam or other lamp installed indoors
The remaining wire is fixed on zero, and, to do it directly.

Important!The cross-section of the wire with three veins should be selected, focusing on the power of lighting equipment. If you need to connect multiple light engine control sites, you will need to purchase the cross-type switches. The pavement switch circuit, in this case, does not work, because several contacts are used, and in the wire must be the corresponding amount of live.

Control of two places with two loads

Connection Scheme: 3 Places

In this case, the standard type switches are selected. They are installed on the last and in the first sections of the control. Those who want to know how to connect the passage switch of the diagram of this type should be understandable. It is somewhat more complicated than the connection diagram from three places, but you can figure it out in its specifics. In accordance with it, the cross-switches should be installed on the remaining areas, that is, not on the last and not on the first.

Connection diagram of three passing switches

The number of fixture control sections can be any. Their number determines the complexity of the connection in the distribution box, because much more wires are supplied to it. In this case, their correct and ordered marking will be required. Otherwise, there is a risk that in the wires will not disassemble.

Work on the installation of the passing switch of the circuit of which is not distinguished by complexity, are performed in such a sequence:

Two output contacts located on the portion of the first switch are recorded on those wires that are displayed in the input of the next cross-type element. This stage is repeated exactly until the last element is connected.
The total contact of the last element is supplied to that wire, which leads to Torsh, Lamp, Bra
The phase type wire joins the contact at the input in the design of the first switch
The second wire of the lamp, lamp or other lighting equipment is fixed on a zero section of the box.

Important!To each element of the passing type you need to bring the wire with three veins. Wires of four livers come to cross switches.

Important moments

How to parse a passage switch, connect it - the answers to these questions will give the theory, practice. It should be clearly understood, according to which principle the proposed schemes are working. In each of them, the same elements are involved:

Passing type switches;
Boxes;
Wires, at certain stages replaced by cables;
Lamps.

The first scheme is considered the simplest. It is easy to understand how to make the passage switch: zero wire leads from the source of electricity to lighting equipment. In addition, it is placed in the box. The phase wire is also placed there, but leads through it directly to the contact. All contacts have a connection with each other. Phase comes with a general contact. The second scheme is somewhat more complicated, but it is really convenient.

Simple Circuit Breaker Connection Scheme

Installation of switches is carried out simultaneously with the installation of the box to which cables are conducted from all sources of electricity. In the box they are connected, guided by the selected scheme. It is important to remember that the installation site must be selected correctly, in accordance with the characteristics of cables, including with their length.

Management of lighting devices from different places is a very convenient option for long corridors, stairs or galleries. Indeed, little pleasant, coming home, turn on the light below, climb the room, and then go down to turn off the lighting. At the same time, the reverse way will have to be overcome in the dark. It is much more convenient to turn on at the beginning of the staircase, and the shutdown is at the end, and the same in the opposite direction. It is for such situations that the passing switches (PV) serve that allow control of lamps from several points independently of each other. In the article, we will tell how to connect the passage switch, imagine step-by-step schemes.

Connecting the passing switches: Step-by-step instructions

The devices under consideration do not have a neutral position that provides a rupture of the electrical circuit. They are able to direct the flow of electricity in one or another direction, closing different contacts. Therefore, the principle of their action is based on the implementation of the function of the end switches, changing the state of the electrical circuit on different sections of its length. At the same time, they do not duplicate each other, but operate autonomously, although they are elements of one scheme. In addition to ease of use, such a management method provides electricity savings. Read also Article: → ".

The use of passing switches makes accessible lighting network equipment consisting of one or more lines and controlled from two or more points. Each connection option will be considered schematically and is described in step by step, which will allow the user to estimate the advantages of this connection system and switch independently.

Control scheme from two places

This is the easiest way to install two classmate devices at different parts of the route (corridor, stairs). All compounds are made only on the phase conductor and its branching between the two PV. The zero wire is sent directly to the consumer, during the connection process it does not accept participation. The switching method is indicated in the scheme:

Easy diagram of connecting one lighting line using two PV

Step-by-step layout procedure can be described as follows:

Each passage switch has a terminal 2.3, between which the flowing current is distributed. Terminals of both devices are switched together
The central entry of the first PV is connected to the 220 V phase wire
The second PV commutes with the consumer.

Thus, each of the devices may close or blur the chain depending on the position of contacts relative to each other.

Practical Tip: Wiring can be carried out in two junction boxes located near each of the switches or in one box mounted in the middle of the line. The second method may seem more attractive, but in reality it will require a greater length of the wires, as well as a greater number of twists in one box.

General view of the parts of the electrical chain of the lighting network in the assembled state

Two lighting control circuit

With such arrangement, two-block products are used in which each of the keys performs switching operation on one of the lighting lines. Read also Article: → ".

The connection process can be represented in step-by-step instructions:

The phase conductor connects to the introductory terminal of the first passage switch, where using the jumper connects with the second input
The terminals of the conclusions of both PV are switched to each other in compliance with the pavement and conformity to the devices keys.
The introductory terminals of the second switch are mounted each with its wire lighting line (lighting instrument).

Zero conductor is common to both lines. Thus, each device key controls its electrical chain on one of the sections, including or turning off the light.

Connecting two lighting lines using switches with two keys

Control scheme with three places

The uniqueness of this system is the possibility of lighting control by three schemes. It includes an additional device, which, according to the principle of action, is a passing, but unlike previously considered models has two inputs, two outlets and a steamed mobile contact, acting between three fixed. This element is called cross switch. It is installed on the third plot from which the light is turned on.

For the compilation of the circuit, two single-wave switches are used, one cross-two and two junction boxes. Step-by-step connection process will look like this:

The conductor of the 220 V network phase is connected to the first PV input
The input of the second PV is connected to the lighting line
Outputs of both passing switches are switched to the corresponding outputs of the cross-device.

Wiring connections are carried out in junction boxes, which can be two (as shown in the diagram) or three.

Connection diagram of passing devices with socket

To create a network of lighting devices with the ability to turn off from several points, a L-conductor from an old lighting line can be used as a phase by connecting the first PV input to it and further producing a wiring according to one of the above methods.

Appearance of a block that combines a socket and PV in one device

In the case of installing a new scheme, the phase wire can be displayed from the nearest outlet or find its conductor in the distribution box by transvers.

Also one of the simple options is to install the block switch-socket, which always looks solid and very practical in everyday life.

As a jumper between the phase of the socket and the switch, a conventional wire with a metal residential, corresponding to the electrical wiring material and not exceeding it in cross section. Wiring of wires between devices and distribution boxes is carried out either hidden, in the stroke under the layer of putty, or by laying into the cable channels.

Selection of passing switches

The selection of devices for controlling lighting devices depends on the connection scheme, the number of points and personal user preferences.

In addition, products can be divided according to the method of installation on mortise and external (overhead) models. Also distinguish devices:

mechanical, operating by pressing;
sensory, triggered from light touch;
remote, operating from the infrared remote control.

Remote models are most often used in large living rooms or spacious offices where the lighting lines control from any point of room can be useful (leave one of the lamps or enable everything at once). Read also Article: → ".

Manufacturers of passing switches

Online stores in vain offer electrical products from different manufacturers, among which can be seen products of famous brands and products from strangers. The user's attention is proposed a comparative analysis of some trademarks of domestic and foreign manufacturers, the purpose of which is not to estimate or advertising one of the firms.

No. p / p	Brand name	Country	Type of product	price, rub.
1.	Legrand Valena.	France	PV classroom model	650
2.	TDM Electric	Russia	//	150
3.	Schneider Electric	France	//	300
4.	Volsten.	Russia	//	160
5.	Makel.	Turkey	//	200

The information provided is the average value of models of these firms and cannot reliably display the total picture of the price values \u200b\u200bof all goods. The cost of products depends on its functionality, materials used and brand fame. For example, Legrand Valena and Schneider Electric well-known brands worldwide. Their products are distinguished by high quality, which is confirmed by the warranty periods provided by manufacturers.

Errors performed when installing passing switches

Among the errors allowed by beginner electricals should be noted the most common, which may affect the quality of installation and connecting devices to control the lighting devices from several places.

Attempting to produce all connections in one junction box. This option is possible when switching a simple single-line scheme with two devices. With more complex connections, it should be selected areas of connections on two or even three boxes to avoid a large number of twists in one place. Otherwise, this can lead to a short circuit in case of insufficient isolation and the complexity of subsequent maintenance or repair.

A large number of twists in one place can lead to short and complicate repairs

Using wires with different material of current-handed livers. This compound is unacceptable, because during operation will certainly occur oxidation and contact will be lost.
The device of the stuffing in the chute cable-channel or under the layer of plaster with hidden wiring. This can lead to electric flow leakage due to disorders of insulation as a result of the wetting of the wall or condensate cluster in the box. As a result, there may be pursuing the current on the wall or the constant triggering of the protective equipment (UZO).
Incorrect design of the stuff when switching wires. The twist must be tightly pulled and have a length of at least 25 mm. At the same time, the Contact will be reliable and durable. And the most correct solution will be the use of terminal shots.

Practical advice: When the connection location is isolated, it is better over the insulation to additionally put the protective cap. This will provide better short circuit protection.

Topical questions on the topic

Question number 1. Is it possible to install the passing switches without entering wires into junction boxes?

It is quite real. The boxes are needed to bring the phase to the first device and send the wire to the lighting device from the latter. The rest of the switching between devices can be carried out by solid slices of wires from the terminal to the terminal. If the wiring is hidden, the general view of the room will not suffer. If the wires will be placed in the box or corrugation, then an unsightly loop will turn along the entire wall.

Question number 2. Why, instead of a complex system of installation of passing switches, do not use the motion sensors that will include light in the corridor in the presence of movement and turn off when it is absent?

This is really possible, but there are some circumstances opposing such a decision. The first reason is high cost, movement sensors are much more expensive than switches. The second is inconvenience, if for some reason the user stopped, the light will go out. Causes of stops can be different. Well, if it happens in a narrow pass. And if on the stairs? Now imagine a huge office, where people so that the light does not turn off need to constantly make movements, instead of focusing at work. You can, of course, put a duplicate switch, but then the whole point of conceived is lost.

Question number 3. If there are switches working with the remote control, then why not install such a device at one end of the corridor, and in the other, put the remote from it to turn on or off if necessary?

It would be too simple, if the console did not need power. As always, the batteries will sit at the most inopportune moment. In addition, the radius of any emitted signal is limited, which means that it is not suitable for each situation. Not all the premises, but even more ladder, have a straightforward form. The applicability of the console in these cases is ineffective.

In conclusion, it can be noted that the use of passing devices although it is capable of causing some disorder associated with their installation and connection, but in the future only the comfort and ease of use will bring. Therefore, the number of users who made the decision in favor of positive changes are constantly increasing.