Lock viewport in AutoCAD. AutoCAD viewports are an indispensable tool; the more you use them, the more you like them. Create a floating viewport with a complex shape

Their main task is to organize the drawing and prepare it for printing. You can create a different number of such screens, giving them the desired size, properties, model scale, etc.

AutoCAD - viewport on Sheets

To prepare a drawing for printing, you need to switch to Layout space. In other words, the sheet is a prototype of your future drawing. First of all, you need to go to the Sheet space; to do this, click LMB on the Sheet1 tab, as shown in the figure:

As a result, you will find yourself in the Sheet space, which is shown in the figure:

A paper space viewport (VE) is nothing more than a primitive. Each sheet viewport is a kind of image frame in model space, containing a view that displays the model at a specified scale and orientation. Thus, through the viewport we enter the model space. If you double-click inside the viewport, it will become active and we will have access to the Model space, where the drawings are located. By rotating the mouse wheel, we can change the scale, thereby moving away or approaching the objects of the drawing.

Notice the numbers that change as you scale at the bottom of the screen:

This is the current drawing scale. To select a standard scale value that corresponds to GOST, you need to click on the small arrow next to the numbers, as shown in the figure:

A list of standard scales will open. If necessary, you can add a new value. To do this, select “Custom…” - “Add”.

A dialog box will open in which you must specify the name and properties of the scale. Let's create a new scale value of 1:200, as shown in the figure:

Now let's set a new scale value:

To exit the viewport, just double-click on the sheet outside the boundary of the VI.

In paper space, you can create one viewport that occupies the entire sheet, or multiple viewports. If you select it, four editing handles will appear.

The dimensions, properties, scale, and position of viewports may vary. In addition, they can be copied and moved outside the sheet.

Creating a new VI in paper space

To create a new viewport, you can click Sheet tab - Sheet Viewports panel. Please note that there are several options for creating a VE: rectangular, polygonal, or even arbitrary in shape.

To create a viewport in AutoCAD is to truly feel and use this design drawing program, understand it and use all its capabilities. This conclusion is 100% correct, especially if you use and understand the essence of this tool not only in the “Model” mode, but also in the “Sheet” mode. And the essence of viewports (VE) lies on the surface.

  • floating, after creation they can be moved around the sheet;
  • resizable, after creation their sizes can be changed arbitrarily;
  • overlapped, they can overlap each other.

In addition, VE in “Sheet” mode:

  • can have any shape;
  • can be created from previously created objects, also of any shape.

Here, too, initially the developer is provided with one VE for the entire sheet, in which the entire drawing is displayed. But:

  • The size and position of this area (more precisely, in this mode, these objects can be called print areas, this more accurately reflects their essence) can be changed by clicking the mouse once (this is important, make no mistake!) inside the area. In this case, the border of the area will become dotted, and dimensional markers will appear at the corners; with their help, you can drag the window itself.
  • Please note that if there is a need to change the visibility point of the drawing in such a window, then you need to start working with it. When we click “inside” with the mouse twice, the border takes on the appearance of a thick line. Now, using the usual moving tool - “Pan Realtime”, you can move the drawing in the window.
  • To change the scale of the drawing in the window, you can use the “Scale” command on the “Viewports” panel (it is already active in this mode).

When working with VE in “Sheet” we mean that:

  • There can be as many viewports as you like - each selection simply adds one, two, three, or even four new ones.
  • Using the “Polygonal Viewport” command in the “Viewports” panel, you can create viewing areas of any shape, as long as the outline of the new area is closed.
  • Using the “Convert Object to Viewport” command, you can create a VE from any previously created object with a closed contour - from an ellipse, circle, polyhedron, etc. The techniques and tools for creating these objects in the “Sheet” are similar to the techniques and tools from the “Model” .
  • Removing a VE (again, more precisely, an area of ​​a drawing for printing) is done by selecting it and pressing the Del key - a common method of working with objects in AutoCAD.

Please note that if you need to go to work with the sheet as a whole, then you need to exit the working VE - cancel its bold border. To do this, just double-click on the mouse outside the working VE.

Nuances of work depending on AutoCAD versions

VE is a developer tool that is constantly subject to modifications by the program creators. For example, the latest versions give everyone a so-called “view cube”. It allows you to quickly adjust the viewing direction - right, left, top, bottom, isometric.

Some versions give each object a tool for panning and quickly changing the scale - the “steering wheel”.

The idea of ​​viewports is simply irreplaceable for designing complex drawings. The more you come into contact with this idea, the more you will like it. There is only one thing that can spoil your mood: the small size of your monitor. On “17 inches” it is already very difficult to use viewports in their full glory, it’s just that the monitor is “not rubber” and everything doesn’t fit. But there's nothing you can do about it. It has long been noted that AutoCAD is for monitors of 21 inches and larger!

Finally, all we have to do is resize the viewport so that the drawing occupies the entire available area of ​​the layout sheet. In addition, we will be faced with the need to adjust the scale of the drawing, since after the automatic creation of the layout it remains arbitrary, and not 1:10, as indicated in the title block.

1. Click the rectangle that marks the viewport boundaries. Selection handles will appear at the corners of this rectangle, just like when you select a regular AutoCAD object.

2. Click on the indicator button BINDING in the status bar, or simply press F3 to turn off all persistent object snap modes.

3. Click on the top right selection handle to select it and enter Handle Editing mode.

4. Move the crosshair pointer to the right and up, as close to the upper right corner of the frame as possible. Because the current mode for editing with markers will be Stretching, AutoCAD will accompany the movement of the crosshair pointer with a “rubber line”. With the crosshair pointer at the desired point, click to enlarge the viewport to the right and up to the desired point.

5. Select the bottom left selection handle, and then in Stretching stretch the viewport outline to the left and down, as shown in Fig. 13.14.

Rice. 13.14 Changing the viewport size in mode Stretching editing using selection handles

6. Deselect the viewport by pressing Esc. The viewport dimensions are now only slightly smaller than the layout sheet frame dimensions. If you noticed, the viewport is on the Frame layer. It makes sense to place it on its own layer, and also to make the viewport border more visible, as a reminder that the corresponding rectangle is not part of the drawing and does not need to be printed.

7. Create a new layer Viewport with a color index of 220. (The color can be any, the main thing is that it stands out well in the drawing area.) There is no need to assign a new layer to the current one.

8. Click on the viewport to select it again, then open the palette Properties, using the button Properties Standard toolbar or by selecting the appropriate command from the context menu or in any other way convenient for you.

9. Make sure that in the list at the top of the palette Properties, type selected Viewport. Then click on the CkjqLayer property and select the newly created Viewport layer from the list of layers (Figure 13.15).

Rice. 13.15 Assigning a Viewport layer to a viewport using the palette Properties

11. Switch from mode Sheet to mode MODEL by clicking on the status bar indicator button.

Advice. If you prefer to work in a command window, you can switch to SHEET enter the command in the command window Sheet or simply L, and to switch to mode MODEL– team Model or simply M.

12. To change the scale accurately, as you may remember from the first chapters of the book, it is best to use the tool Decrease or Increase in the command version Show command window. So enter in the command window By, and then a scale factor of 0.1xp (that is, set the scale to 1:10). The image scale on the layout sheet will change.

Note. Suffix x after the scale factor value indicates that the new scale needs to be set relative to the current drawing scale, and the suffix xp– that the new scale must be set relative to the units of measurement set for the layout sheet.

13. If necessary, adjust with a tool Real-time panning location of the drawing.

14. Return to mode again SHEET. Make sure the Frame layer is current and freeze the Viewport layer. So, we received a drawing that is practically no different from what the original drawing looked like (see Fig. 13.1), but now the frame and title block are made on the layout sheet at a scale of 1:1 (Fig. 13.16)

Rice. 13.16 Creation of drawing design elements on the layout sheet is completed

15. Save the current state of the drawing to the Work131.dwg file.

AutoCAD users are accustomed to the viewport shape being a rectangle. There is a great opportunity to make the shape of the viewport arbitrary.

For example, let's make a remote element that will show the welded joint in the drawing on an enlarged scale.

To do this, use the command _vports We create a regular rectangular viewport, adjust it to the desired position of the model, set the scale and lock it.

In the first case, we draw some object in paper space above the viewport, such as a circle. We select it as an object for cropping, as a result of which the viewport automatically acquires boundaries corresponding to the contour of the circle.

If we select a polygonal viewport border, we can actually construct it not only from a polyline, but also from circular arcs. This way you can get a beautiful curved border of the extension view, which can be edited using the “handles” like a polyline. Choose what you like best. Of course, the method with a secant circle is much faster :)

In most cases, the border of the image of the extension element according to the ESKD should not be closed. The outline of a curved viewport can be trimmed with the command _trim along secant lines drawn in appropriate places on top of the viewport.

The compromise between compliance with design standards, convenience and speed of work is up to you.

I wish everyone correct and beautiful drawings!

The concept of “Viewports in AutoCAD” implies the division of the program’s workspace into separate areas. Moreover, viewports can be both in Model space and in Sheet space. And this is not the same thing! So, let's take a closer look at working with viewports directly in the Model.

AutoCAD viewports in Model space.

The graphics area in model space can be divided into several separate rectangular areas, so-called viewports, on which your model will be displayed in different views (for example, the “Top” view, the “Right” view, or some kind of isometry). As a rule, viewports are very convenient to work with in 3D modeling (see figure). Also, if the drawing contains a large number of objects, then on different viewports you can use panning and zooming commands independently of each other. This allows you to avoid mistakes and complete documentation correctly and quickly.

To split the Model into viewports, you need to go to the “View” tab and work with the “Model Viewports” panel (see figure).

To create several viewports, you need to open the “Viewport Configuration” list and select the appropriate option for their location (see figure).

To make a particular viewport active, just double-click inside it with LMB. It will immediately be highlighted with a blue rectangle.

In the upper left corner of each AutoCAD viewport, their controls are displayed. By clicking on “+” you can expand this screen to the entire monitor. The reverse action is to click on the “-” sign. You can also change the Appearance and Visual Style.