The history of the phone creation is a shkolota presentation. Presentation "The history of the phone creation. Is it possible to communicate without a phone
Presentation and abstract Node for the senior and preparatory groups "Travel to the history of the phone" are designed to enrich the ideas of children about the world of surrounding items. To acquaint children with the history of the emergence and development of the phone, to expand knowledge about communications.
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Signatures for slides:
Journey to the history of the phone Virtual Museum
Primitive people
Signal fire
Signal drums
Towers for signal fire
Signal trumpet - Trembita
Signal bell
First phones
Telephone station. Telephonist
Call!
Preview:
An abstract classes in familiarization with the outside world in the senior and preparatory group of kindergarten
"Journey to the past phone"
Objective:
Enrichment of the ideas of children about the world of surrounding items and encouraging joint creative activities based on the use of information obtained in class.
Tasks:
1. To introduce children with the history of the emergence and development of the phone, to expand knowledge about the means of communication.
2. Secure the rules of speech etiquette when communicating by phone, knowledge of emergency services telephone numbers: fire, militia, ambulance.
3. Develop social skills: the ability to work in pairs, take into account the opinion of the partner.
4. Develop attention, imagination, memory through didactic games and exercises.
5. Educate accuracy when performing work.
Predicted result:
Transfer to the scope of personal interests about the phone.
Equipment:
Laptop, screen, diaper projector, camera, charts, cards, cards with emergency services, telephone sets, variable material for children's work.
Literature:
1. Dybina O.V. "What was before ..." (travel games in the past objects)
2. When developing a presentation, photo materials were used by Internet resources.
Introductory:
Guys, yesterday evening, I watched a report from the Museum of Local Lore. Now this report will repeat, let's come down and see. (View video on screen)
Correspondent: Hello, we are our report from the Museum of Local Lore. "I rang the phone ..." - this phrase from the poem K. Chukovsky is known to everyone, but everyone knows that on February 14, the phone celebrated his birthday. Our museum presents the phones of the past and present. Our museum announces a contest of unusual phones for kindergartens. We are waiting for your work. Good luck to everyone, before the meeting on the air.
Guys, will we take part in the competition? Responses of children. And what do we know about the phone? Why do you need a phone? Have there always been phones? What were the phones before? Want to know about it? Responses of children.
Main part:
Guys, I want to invite you to the Past Phone. (The tutor together with children is located on the floor at the screen. Slides appear on the screen)
Long ago, when people lived in caves and dressed in animal skins, they could not speak, but they had to communicate with each other. Do you think they communicated with the phone? And how did they do it? (Responses of children: gestures, faithful)
Let's try and we will try. Do you think guys, was it easy to communicate? (child response)
There was time, people learned to speak, built housing, bred the economy and continued to look for new ways to transfer information. If it was necessary to inform some news to another village, people climbed onto a high mountain and diluted fire, later used drums, signal pipes, bells. Everyone was recognized that some event had happened, reacted to it. Have these ways have been convenient? Why? (Children's responses)
But time went. And now the first apparatus was invented, it was two tubes, similar to funnels, which were connected with a long wire. They spoke to one tube, the other was applied to the ear. This device was called "Phone". What is unusual for us in this phone? The word "phone" means: the first part of the "body" - far away, the second part is the "background" - sound. With this device, the sound could be heard very far. Later, the types of phones changed and people invented disc phones, for a dialing, the finger inserted into the holes on the disk marked with numbers and twisted the disk. It was not very convenient: tired finger, the disk rotated slowly. Therefore, the disk was replaced with buttons. Many have such phones now, but this device could be used, while in the room, it cannot be taken with you. Why? Scientists began to think again as the phone to make it convenient to communicate and transmit information. And so invented a mobile phone. Why do people all over the world enjoy them? (Children's responses)
Indeed, mobile - means portable you can take with you and communicate, wherever you are. Guys, let's look at the telephones: Show the phone with a disk, push-button phone. The answering machines are built into some modern devices, if we do not have a person who called you, can leave a message for you. (Children and educators view phones)
Guys, do you know how to talk on the phone? I suggest you see the scene "Conversation by phone." (Two children show the drainage) guys, did the conversation come from boys? And how to start the conversation right? How to continue the conversation? How to finish? (children's responses)
Each phone has its own number. It helps us to call the person who needs? (children's responses: number). And what numbers should every person know in our country? (Children's Answers: Service Phones: Fire Service, Police, Ambulance).
Guys, play the game "Right number" (children are distributed with numbers 01.02.03 on the screen, a picture appears that displays an emergency situation: fire, etc., and children raise the card with the corresponding number).
We have repeated important numbers of communication rules by phone. What did you know about the phone, what phone was in the past? Now we know a lot about the phone and can participate in the competition. What did we need to do? What can the phone be unusual? Let's try to make unusual phones, take a picture of them and send them to the museum. Combine pairs and go to the tables. Discuss to each other, what will be your unusual phone, as you will do it, that you will need it for this. On the tables there is everything you need to work. You can start (children work in pairs, the teacher comes up to each pair, reminds that the phone should be unusual and one from the pair, after the completion of the work, the children take out and put their "crafts" on the table).
The educator conducts an analysis of the work.
Why can your pair phone be considered unusual? You got wonderful work. Now we will photograph them and send them by e-mail. (connects the camera to the laptop, makes sending)
Final part:
Children, what's new you learned today in class? What was for you particularly difficult? How did you cope with difficulties? Where can we use our "unusual phones"? And also guys, I would like to know what unusual stories related to the phone, there were with your loved ones. Ask them about it and tell us in the next lesson.
A report starts on the screen again. Video.
Correspondent: Dear TV viewers! We thank the children of kindergarten "Vasilek" sat down a fiber for participating in the competition of unusual phones and we are waiting for us, in the museum.
The phone is (from the Greek. Τ λε is far and φωνή voice) a device for transmitting and receiving sound to the distance by means of electrical signals. In general, the phone is any mechanism that is able to transmit sound for a long distance. The very first phones were mechanical devices that were based on sound transmission using air or other physical means, in contrast to electrical devices that are based on electromagnetic signals.
The invention of the phone was a large breakthrough in the history of communication tools (as it was used only by shipping mail, telegraph). Now messages from one end of the world could reach another in just a few minutes, not weeks and months. The first experiments in this area conducted an American Page physicist in 1837. Its construct included akton, electromagnet and electroplating elements. The telephone invention has changed people's lives.
Flight phone. The very first phone in the world, able to transmit human speech and music, was telephone flight. In 1860, the flight constructed the first prototype of the phone, capable of transmitting sound at a distance of up to 100 meters. The device had an original design microphone, a power supply (galvanic battery) and a speaker.
Deaf innovator Alexander Graham Bell became for the young scientist turning point, although he also did not suspect the possibility of creating a telephone. Pursuing with students, Bell constantly thought about improving the articulation. Alexander remembered the book of German Physics Helmholz, where he read about the fact that you can pass the voice through the electric wire. It should be explained that the German did not write anything like that, just Bell had a bad German language and misunderstood the physics reasoning. This is incredible, but it is the wrong translation of the book for Bella with insight. Bella mastered the idea of \u200b\u200bturning sounds through the membrane into an electric pulse. He embodied his idea of \u200b\u200blife, inventing the first electric phone.
Miracle apparatus. In 1876, the industrial exhibition of world importance launched. At one of the exhibition stands, Bella's brand was modestly, but no one was especially interested in them. At the end of the presentation, the Brazilian Emperor Pedro the second approached the telephone apparatus. He put the tube to his ear and heard the voice of Bella, located in another wing of the building. The device became the main sensational event of the exhibition. But to massively use the invention Bella, it was not yet.
Battle of the invention. Discussions on the topic "Who invented the phone" did not subscribe, so Bella had to fight for his brainchild. And everything happened because it turns out, on the day of the submission of Bella, the applications, the Bureau received another similar statement from the inventor of the Elite Gray. Inventors, of course, had no idea about each other's existence. But Bell managed to fill in documents and dying all the formalities for a few hours earlier Gray, so the palm of the championship got him. Today it is difficult to definitely answer who actually appeared first in the invention of the phone - Bell or Gray.
Telephone with a rotary disk. The next stage in the history of the phone was the appearance of a device with a rotary disk. He was invented by a resident of Kansas Almond Brown, and after a dozen years old, an automatic telephone station was built there. Later, in 1900, in Connecticut, the first phone was installed on the street, which could be called for a coin.
Telephony Team Development developed by rapid unprecedented pace, Russia actively went towards all new technical trends from abroad, telephone stations opened in large Russian cities. By the beginning of the 20th century, the network of the tag released the considerable space of Russia in its European part.
The path to the future ordinary telephone devices turned into mobile over long decades year - the year of the first radiotelephone network with radio transmitters, leading signals from personal apparatus to the central station. In 1962, the first communication satellite flew into space, and after that, a mobile communication was actively developed, independent of wires and distances. Martin Cooper Having developed pocket radio for the police, realized that it was capable of making a mobile phone. For a year, he scrupulously led his developments with the consent of the management of Motorola. These developments of Cooper became the initial step towards creating modern mobile phones and in general cellular equipment. These developments of Cooper became the initial step towards creating modern mobile phones and in general cellular equipment. Conclusion. And finally. Bella's contemporary, Thomas Edison initially said: "I ... I didn't see anything special in the phone, except that a new type of telegraph, by which you can transfer news from one station to another ..." Now we can definitely say that it is strong Missed!
Project The history of creating cell phones and cellular network
View the contents of the document
Municipality of Krasnodar
Municipal General Education
Municipal Education City Krasnodar
Gymnasium №87
Individual
creative
History of cell phones and cellular network
Pupils 7 "in" class
Rutchina Marina
Project Manager:
IT-teacher
Serdyuk N.N.
krasnodar city
Explanatory note
Purpose:
Relevance:
History of cell phones
History of cellular networks
Introduction
Basic part of the project
Bibliography
Basic part of the project
Cell phone is a telephone designed to work in cellular networks. Uses the radio frame transceiver and traditional telephone communications for telephone communication in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cellular network coverage area.
History of cell phones
History of cellular network
One of the types of mobile radio, which is based on a cellular network. Its name "hundredth" such a network received, because the coverage area is divided into cells in the form of cells. The networks partially overlap and form a single network.
In many countries, cellular communication has also developed. But the network did not have time for rapidly growing needs, and the output was found as a cellular communication, which made it possible to increase the capacity by reuse of frequencies in the system with a cellular structure.
The diagram shows that the most popular operator is MTS. They enjoy 37% of people.
In second place - Beeline. They enjoy 27% of the population.
In third place - MegaFon. They enjoy 25% of people.
11% of the population uses other cellular operators.
Comparison of modern cell phones
Chamber
Smartphone and communicator
Bibliography
Internet resources:
Www.vikipedia.org.
www.smartphone.ua.
www.e-katalog.ru.
View the contents of the presentation
"Project History of Creating Cell Phones and Cell Network"
Cell phones and cellular network
Prepared a student of grade 7 "B"
MOU Gymnasium №87
Rutina Marina
Goal and tasks
Purpose: Examine the origin of cell phones and cellular networks.
- Consider the history of cell phones
- Consider the history of the cellular network
- Consider modern cell phones
- Compare Modern Cell Phones
Relevance
The relevance of this topic is no doubt, as basically, when buying a new phone there is a choice, and in order to make the right, the topic chosen by me will help to deal with it.
Cell phone is
Telephone designed to work in cellular networks. Uses the radio frame transceiver and traditional telephone communications for telephone communication in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cellular network coverage area.
The world's first cell phones
In 1957, Leonid Ivanovich Kupirovich (USSR) created an experimental sample of a mobile phone. It was called LK-1 weighing 3 kg. The basic station was also built to this phone.
In subsequent samples of 1958, the weight of the mobile phone was reduced to 0.5 kg.
In 1961, L. I. Kupirchenovich presented a pocket phone weighing only 70 grams, which was fitted on the palm.
In 1973, the first cell phone was released - Motorola Dyna Tac.
The first challenge on it was produced on April 3, 1973 by Martin Cooper, who called its competitors from AT & T.
Weight this unit 1.15 kg. In addition to the call, the phone did not have any functions. You could talk on the phone for about an hour, but the phone was charged 10 hours. A total of 5 prototypes were created.
Already in 1984, Motorola Dynatac 8000X was on sale. People liked the phone so much and his functions that thousands of people were recorded in the queue for buying a phone.
Cell network
One of the types of mobile radio, which is based on a cellular network. Your name "cellular" such a network received because the coverage area is divided into cells in the form of cells. The networks partially overlap and form a single network.
History of cellular network
The first use of mobile telephone radio communications in the United States refers to 1921: Detroit police used one-sided dispatching for transmitting information from the central transmitter to receivers installed on automains.
In 1933, the New York Police began to use a bilateral mobile telephone radio system.
In 1934, the US Federal Communications Commission allocated 4 channels for telephone radio communications, and by 1940, about 10 thousand police cars used telephone radio communications.
But the Russians also did not lag behind. So in the late 50s. The last century in the USSR begins the development of the Altai automotive radiotelephone system. In 1963, an experimental zone was launched in Moscow. In the late 70s. The Altai system successfully worked in 114 cities of the country. In the summer of 2011, the Altai system stopped his work.
In many countries, cellular communication has also developed. But the network did not have time for rapidly growing needs and the output was found as a cellular communication, which made it possible to increase the capacity due to the reuse of frequencies in the system with a cellular structure.
Chamber
The cameraphone is a type of phones having a high resolution camera with a matrix. Such phones have functions for processing photos and transfer them to social. network.
Phones of this species have become popular after reaching the Sony Ericsson K and Sony Ericsson C and Sony Ericsson C in 2005. This apparatus had a camera 2 -3.2 mp.
In 2009, Samsung released a phone that struck the world by the fact that the camera was 8 megapixel.
In 2012, Nokia 808 PureView was presented with 41 megapixel chamber
In 2013, Samsung Galaxy S4 Zoom was officially announced - a smartphone with a 16 megapixel camera with a 10-fold optical zoom and a powerful flash.
Sony Xperia Z2, announced in February 2014, received a 20.7 MP camera with the world's first digital image stabilization system and video shooting in Ultra HD.
Smartphone and communicator.
Smartphone is a mobile phone, supplemented by the functionality of a pocket personal computer.
The communicator is almost no different from the smartphone, except that the communicator has a retractable keyboard.
For the first time, attempt to connect the phone and the pocket computer appeared in the 90s of the last century. It was IBM Simon phone. In addition to telephone features, the device could receive faxes, allowed to receive email and had several games. There were no keys. All actions were performed by means of a touch screen. But because of their dimensions, the phone was not popular.
Comparison of cell phones
For comparison, I chose two phone models. Lenovo s 650 and Apple iPhone 6.
Lenovo S 650.
communication standards
Apple iPhone 6.
operating system
sensory
built-in memory
memory Card Slot
accumulator
material
not semic
0T 7000 to 12000r
cPU
from 43000 to 63000r
sIM card
- During the project work it was found when the first cell phones appeared. I also learned how they looked and what imagine themselves.
- When working on this topic, I learned what a cellular network learned when and where she originated and what imagined himself.
- Considering modern cell phones, I learned that progress does not stop, but go ahead, and every year we can see more and more interesting phones.
- Comparing two cell phones, I found out that the choice of the phone depends on what purpose the phone is bought.
- I think my project is of great importance for those who want to learn a little about cell phones. And can also help when choosing a phone.
- Next year I plan to complement my project with new and interesting facts about cell phones, and compare another couple of phones.
philologists. His grandfather was the founder of the famous school of oratory and the author of the book "Elegant passages". Father, Melville Bell, came up with the "visible speech" system, in which the sounds of the speech were designated written symbols; Using this system, people could correct words even in an unfamiliar language. Alexander grew up in the atmosphere of music and declamation, where special attention was paid to the sounds of the human voice. At the age of 14, he moved to London to grandfather, under the leadership of which he studied literature and oratory. In three years, he has already begun independent life, teaching music and oratory at the Weston House Academy. Having thoroughly examined in nine years of acoustics and physics of human speech, Bell became the assistant of his father, Professor of the University of London. In the spring of 1870, Bell fell ill, and the doctors recommended him to change the climate. The family moved to Canada, and in 1871 he already lived in Boston (USA), taught at school for deaf-and-dumb using the visible speech system.
"Phone History"
The need for communication, in the transfer and storage of information originated and developed together with the development of human society.
Means of communication between people are continuously improved in accordance with the change in living conditions, with the development of culture and technology.
From ancient times, light and sound served from ancient times.
At the dawn of its development, a person warned his tribe about the danger or called for hunting, taking the signals with a cry or knock. But if the distance between the interlocutors of Veliko and the strength of the voice was not enough, auxiliary means were required. Therefore, a person began to use the "technique" - whistles, animal horns, torches, bonfires, drums, and after the invention of powder shots and rockets.
Special people appeared - Grandies, Gerold. The messengers passed the information orally. Of course, the news on the way, the most dangerous hazards laughed with the messenger. The messenger could forget her, could get lost, do not have time for a deadline or could intercept him, and then kill or punish the message of the message.
The most efficient, reliable and fast message transfer method was pigeon mail. The maximum postal pigeon speed is 80-100 km / h. The maximum dance in good weather is 1000-1200 km. But at large distances, the probability of the death of birds is too large in the way. Although there are cases when the pigeons managed to return home from a distance of two, three and even five thousand kilometers.
The pigeon is far from the fastest, strong and hardy bird. He can't leave or fight off from the hawk, it is not capable of landing. In this regard, in ancient times, the delivery of messages tried to attract other birds: rapid haircuts and sea wanderers of frigates capable of flying the sea. But the pigeons turned out to be the best choice, they were very easy to breed. Pigeons eat the same as a person. The haircuts feed on small flying insects, so they are difficult to keep in captivity.
Competition was not a bird, but dogs. Dogs are a bit of consistency and "lifting" pigeons. They are capable, delivering mail, go back to the answer and even find the right person or a detachment in the forest.
The use of birds and animals had the disadvantages to which the limited area of \u200b\u200bmail messages can be attributed. Scientists of that time wondered how to make sending messages quick, reliable and at any distance.
After some time, the first mechanical devices appeared, capable of transmitting signals, and then human speech with a huge speed and at any distance - phones appeared.
The name of the apparatus - the "phone" came from two Greek words: "body" - meant far, "Athos" - sound. The phone transmits the sound of voices to long distances.
The phone history goes to the distant past. The information has been preserved that in 986 one Chinese inventor created a device that transmitted sound through pipes. The "rope" phone appears, which was verned for many centuries. Between two diaphragms stretched the rope and it was possible to talk at short distances. In this case, the sound was transferred from one end to the other by vibration of the rope. These were primitive phones transmitting sound with oscillations.
The history of the phone that transmits the sound due to electricity begins with the second half of the XIX century. The first who used the word "phone," was Charles Bursel. In 1854, he published the dissertation in which the principle of the phone was described, but it did not reach the practical application. The first device that could transmit musical tones (not a voice, and tone) invented in 1861 the German physicist Iogean Philipp flight.
American Alexander Bell created the world's first telephone in 1876. He came up with an amazing apparatus that transmitted human speech on wires using electric current fluctuations. There are many drawbacks in it: the tube served as for transmission and for receiving speech, the operations were carried out internships, there were no call in the phone, the challenge took place through the tube - when the whistle, the boss, the range was small - up to 500 meters.
In 1877, Thomas Edison invented a coal microphone. His invention has worked until 1980. At the beginning of 1910, there were more than 10 telephone stations worldwide, which served more than 10 million phones.
To date, the development of telephony has reached its heights. Practices Everyone in the world has a wired telephone and wireless - cell phone.
Phones provide communication worldwide, allow people to communicate at a distance. And 150 years ago, the telephone connection was the dream of many inventors and enthusiasts.