0.3 Mpiks Image quality. Technical capabilities and functionality

Megapixels are the truth about them.

Megapixels - the truth about them:

Today, photographers often utter the phrase "I have megapixels more." Megapixels have become a kind of muril of coolness. But more advanced users know that the number of megapixels is far from the most objective parameter by which you can compare the cameras. Let's deal with what is the case and what is "megapixels".

The digital camera detector, the matrix, consists of photosensitive cells - pixels (Pixels, abbreviated PX). The number of pixels in the width and height of the matrix determine the size of the resulting image, and their product is an area. Mega - Million, and because Technologies already as 6 years allow for millions of cells in a massive manner on matrices, then for brevity instead of a million pixels use the term "megapixel". So, it is the area of \u200b\u200bthe matrix measured in megapixels.

This is not difficult to make sure:

640 x 480 \u003d 300 000 px \u003d 0.3 mp (now used in phone chambers)
1600 x 1200 \u003d 1 920 000 px ~ 2 mp
2272 x 1704 \u003d 3 871 000 px ~ 4 mp
3008 x 2008 \u003d 6 040 000 px ~ 6 mp
... etc

From this, a number of important conclusions follow. First, once the megapixels measure the area, then the value of this quadratic (as a product of the width to height). And it means that the addition of each additional megapixel in the matrix makes an increasingly gain in the image of the image. This is seen in the following example: the relative difference between 0.3 and 1.3 mp is the same as between 1.3 and 4 MP or between 4 and 16 MP. Those. If we want to increase the geometric sizes of the picture twice, then the area should increase already 4 times. On the misunderstanding of this fact, marketers today perfectly sell that do not know the users of the chamber 8, 10 MPIX. It is not difficult to assume that in the future and 11, and 12 MP digital soaps will be presented as a certain breakthrough for lovers. Although one of the above is obvious that the difference between 4 and 5 mp is significant than between 10 and 12 mp.

Fig.1 Dependence between frame area and its
Large side

Figure 1 shows the graphic dependence between the frame area and its most side (for the aspect ratio of 3/4). It can be seen that in order to get for the most side of 2500 px we need a matrix ~ 5 mp, and to get 5000 px - already 19 MP. If the time of 5 mp cameras is already leaving, the era of 19 mp of little format chambers and soaps also did not begin.

Now the question: 0.3 MP (normal resolution of the camera phone) - is it a lot or a little? Surely you remember your phone and its terrible shredded photos. And now take a look at Fig.2:

Fig.2 top down:
6 0.3 - Mirror Camera
4 at 0.3 - digital soap
2 in 0.3 - digital soap
0.3 at 0.3 - mobile phone

Here are photographs from four different cameras: 6 MP (mirror), 4 and 2 MP (different digits) and 0.3 MP (telephone). Photos were made approximately at one time. Then decreased to the permission of the phone, i.e. 0.3 mp. It is clearly seen that on more expensive cameras the picture is very detailed even in such a seemingly small resolution. What is the reason? Someone will say that the test is not objective, for the image was opened on the matrix with knowingly greater resolution. But it is not. Ideally, the resulting image must be allowed pixel to pixel. Those. If some part of the plot has an angular size of 1 pixel, then it should be displayed. In reality, this does not occur due to the errors introduced at different stages of obtaining an image. Follow how the image is obtained in the chamber:

1. First, the light passes through the lens. Here, the quality of optics is influenced by the detail. In general, under the quality of optics it is understood as a whole set of parameters: enlightenment, diameter and lenses material, their number, plus the effect of the size of the relative hole (diaphragm). Obviously, the glass lens of the mirror kapper and the plastic "peephole" of the mobile phone have a colossal difference. The most common problems arising at this stage are soap (direct enemy of permissive ability) and chromatic aberrations (the appearance of pink and blue halois). The effect of soap is perfectly visible, in Fig. 2 (the bottom telephone photo).

Fig.3 Example of chromatic aberrations on tree branches (right effect manifests more)

Fig.4 The Effect of Moir when applying two lattices.

3. Now directly matrix. Thermal and electronic noise of the matrix make an additional error in the image. The matrix is \u200b\u200ba CCD (charging device) - semiconductor device, and semiconductors are known very sensitive to temperature. Noise is stronger than long exposures and is the most direct enemy of permission. A strong noise is able to completely destroy small details of the image. The algorithms of cheap chambers are arranged so that in poorly illuminated conditions, the camera increases the sensitivity of the matrix. This means that the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) processes pre-enhanced information from the matrix. Since it is intensified not only helpful information, but also the noise of the matrix, their influence turns out to be stronger and destroying more and more details. This is especially noticeable in phones that are usually designed to shoot in weakly lit rooms and the sensitivity of the matrix them is very high.

Fig.5 Example of a loose image

It must also be said that the matrix's own noise strongly depends on the number of pixels on the substrate itself. The matrix is \u200b\u200bnot an abstract concept, but physical and accordingly has its geometric dimensions. It is easy to guess that there are matrices of different sizes in digital soaps and mirror chambers. What do you think in which matrix there will be less noise: in a small dig peripal 10 mp or big "mirror" 10 MP? The greater the physical size of the pixel - the smaller the own noise. The matrix is \u200b\u200ba very expensive element, and because With an increase in the matrix, it is necessary to increase the lenses, then in the world of digital photo in the size of the matrices, you can conduct some classification of cameras:

You see, at least 20 mp can be shoved on a small matrix, there will be no real definition.

Fig.6 Comparison of the size of the matrix.

4. And the last stage - processing the digitized signal in the camera software. Because The average user of the soap box or the phone does not want to receive multi-scale files, then the image is compressed in the JPEG format. At this stage there is a lion share of losses. If we have a 6 MP matrix and each pixel is encoded with 8-bits, then 6 MB should be required to store such a file. In digital chambers, such a file is usually closed to 4 times (up to 1.5 MB). However, this problem is solved easier. If the camera supports the RAW format, then we can get a direct cast from the matrix to processing and compressing, i.e. Crude information (Raw in English is "raw"). Unfortunately, in digital soaps or RAW phones, it is unlikely to help significantly raise permission. There, it can only be used to correct the white balance (yes - yes, the white balance is also installed after digitizing the image in the camera software and this procedure can be transferred from the camera processor to its smart head with RAW).

So now you can figure out in Fig. 2, where and at which stage more details were lost. For photo 2-\u003e 0.3 This is an excessive compression in JPG. For photo 0.3-\u003e 0.3 (Mobile phone) - this is the effect of the matrix and a bad lens. For the two top photo, the influence of all factors is practically shameless due to the fact that the images are obtained by interpolation of a larger image to the smaller. In this case, the interpolation algorithm itself contributes more distortion than all other factors.

Conclusions:

1) Megapixels are an area and the more megapixels will be placed on matrices of the same physical size, the less the increase in the resolution will increase.

2) Megapixels are not a measure of the real resolution of the resulting image. This is just the number of cells on the matrix, i.e. The number of points that falls on the ADC entrance is. The real resolution is measured by the world (Fig. 7).

Fig. 7 World ISO Standard 12233

Advice:

No, the increase in megapixels is not a bad tendency. Marketers actively use numerical parameters of technology to successfully promote it: the size of LCD screens, zoom, mass-dimensional indicators, the same megapixels. The main conclusion: for each target - its own technique. You can buy any technique you like, but it will be better if you know this truth about megapixels. Perhaps this will allow you to concentrate on other parameters of digital cameras and choose more optimal option. But most importantly, of course, this is the resulting photo. If you like it, then this is "your" camera. I have seen a lot of examples when masterpieces did disgusting cameras. No megapixels need to prevent you from doing wonderful pictures - the truth lies outside megapixels.

Do you know that human eye resolution is 576 mp

Cameras have long been one of the most important modules in phones and smartphones. If the development of others technical characteristics Slightly slowed down - current processors cope with any tasks, and pixels on the screens are difficult to see, then there are more cameras to grow. In our age, photos and videos they become, perhaps, one of the main competitive advantages of gadgets.

In the next material of "Mobile Evolution", we will consider how the cameras changed in mobile devices to the present day.

An interesting attempt to improve the photo shows of the devices of steel "fastening" Sony lenses.

Models DSC-QX100. and DSC-QX10.issued in 2013, connected to Android and iOS devices when help Wi-Fi and NFC and could physically fasten to gadgets using a special device.

The lenses possessed the optical stabilization system and optical zoom. However, wishing to acquire such a lining (worth 250-450 dollars) for their smartphone was a bit.

Another interesting "maneuver" can be considered double lenses. In 2011, a couple of smartphones appeared - HTC EVO 3D and LG Optimus 3Dallowing you to remove and display a three-dimensional image (in this case, the shooting was performed in a resolution of 2 MP). However, users did not appreciate these possibilities.

Later, the double cameras found another application. For example, in HTC One. M8. (2014) The second chamber was used to count the distance to the object and creating a shallow depth of sharpness with blurring the background (just as on the mirrors with the corresponding lenses).

Interestingly, at that time such a "trick" has already been trained already and ordinary single-lens photo moduli.

In 2016, we again see the return of double cameras. In particular, such modules are installed in LG G5. and Huawei P9..

LG G5 is used double camera With a resolution of 16 and 8 mp. The "senior" module is quite standard, while "younger" is distinguished by wide viewing angles - 135 °. This technique is designed to improve the quality of the pictures obtained (make them at the same time high-quality and wide-angle), and also makes it possible to adjust the focus after you have taken a picture.

However, similar opportunities were previously and in conventional mobile cameras.

Visual inspection and first impressions of the design

Every time, watching the flight of such drones, as if returned to childhood. Its energy and ability allows you to get involved in the game for a long time. The possibility of flights even in small rooms makes a quadrocopter to a beautiful toy in apartments and rooms of houses, and the budget value makes it acquire them with almost all aircraft models. Such mini-drones are great for starting training, the very concept of such a type of recreation and sports as aeronautics.

After all, in recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly entering our lives. There are such types of competitions as Drone Racing, and young people are increasingly thinking about the acquisition of such models. If you are not alone this is a hobby, then the choice in the purchase of this quadrocopter is not worth it, with such a cost you simply must be parked drone in your hangar. If this purchase is not the first to you, then explain how best to do it is not needed. But if you do not know how best to buy it, then safely decline the scales on the online store.

Nowadays, the risks are minimal to be deceived, do not buy in unknown sources. Having chosen the most popular store and talk with managers, specifying all the details of the order, boldly pay a multicoper. Sending is usually carried out within a day after payment, and you have a period of 15 to 25 days while sending a parcel, get acquainted with the characteristics this device.

The postal service will deliver the copter to any point of our country, and you can get it in the nearest post office. Because of its dimensions, the ability to damage the device on the way to you is reduced, so in most cases you get it not even in mint packaging.

On the front cover you see the image of our drone with the name and name of the manufacturer. Both are graphically indicated by all functions and modes that are available to it, and in the upper right corner - the age limit of 14+ years. What are the associated criteria - it is not known, but, as a rule, on most models they are that. We think you should not pay attention to it, and to learn how to manage your children, naturally, under your supervision, you can and from an earlier age.

Opening the lid, we see that the quadcopter is packaged into an additional protective module and there is a radio control panel, which, compared to the device, looks like a giant.

Taking a quadrocopter in the hands, we are afraid to break, but we understand that the material from which it is made is quite durable and can withstand serious collisions. Most often in the manufacture of such devices, manufacturers apply modern ABS plastichaving good strength characteristics. In our drone, all elements are made of it.

Looking at him from above, immediately note the standard X-shaped form, the model of the model and the name of the manufacturer is applied in the center of the cortex. At the ends of four outgoing rays there are boxes for electric motors, which are formed by the top and bottom of the housing. Collector power plants are securely and tightly installed inside, and carrier propellers are tight on their rotors. Complete view of the covers designed to protect screws from unforeseen collisions during flights.

Turning the quadrocopter, we see that the fastening of two halves of the body provide four metal anti-corrosion screws that tightly fasten. If necessary, make a suspender of these elements. Protection is fastened with plastic mounts from the bottom of the motor boxes.

The absence of landing elements is striking, but if you look good, you can understand that there are small spherical ledges in their roles located below the electric motors. In principle, this node with this size of the drone is practically not needed, so you should not pay attention to it.

The entire lower part occupies a large rechargeable battery, which is held using two plastic plates and is connected to the control board using a standard wire into the connector located in the rear of the drone.

Such a location gives us pretty fast access To the power battery, which is very good, since we have the opportunity to quickly replace it.

So it is worth thinking about acquiring additional batteries.

Tip!In the store Banggood.com you can buy all the necessary spare parts and the possibility of a cumulative system of bonuses, which will reduce the cost of each next purchase.

There, near the connector there is a device to turn on and off the device. In front of the front, it seems to be the main element, because of which many of you have chosen on this quadcopter. Excellent, as for such a drone, the camera can be adjusted under the necessary angle. Well, this is a good opportunity to take pictures to take photos of drone. If this is the first your model, then these workouts will be very useful to you in the future when using more complex structures.

Continuing to disassemble the box, we detect standard components that will certainly use us during the operation of the device.

For what purposes do you use / use a quadcopter?

Package specification:

1. Fully configured and equipped (RTF) multicopter - 1 unit;
2. Headset remote control - 1 unit;
3. Cumulative Map of Micro SD format with a volume of 2 GB - 1 unit;
4. Memory card read module - 1 piece;
5. Charger with a USB type connector - 1 piece;
6. Power energy storage - 1 unit;
7. Additional propellers - 4 pieces;
8. Protection of carrying screws - 4 units;
9. Screwdriver;
10. Performance management (Chinese and English).

There is nothing remarkable in the configuration. It is enough that the most necessary parts are. If you want to charge the battery from the network, you will have to look for an adapter. USB cable Included allows you to do it only from a computer or laptop.

Special attention should be paid to signal overall lights. Although there is nothing supernatural in them, the kvadrocopters of black and white when it is turned on greatly.

If the black color absorbs most of the world and only LEDs are visible in the night sky, then if you use a white case, this kid glows like a Christmas tree. With pretty sharp moves Blue and red lights merge together, and you get a magnificent night show.

Therefore, when choosing a color, pay attention to what you need more: strict black color or bright night lights. If you want, then the best option In this situation, the acquisition of an additional body with a different color will be the acquisition of an additional body. The replacement will not take much time, and you will receive two completely different multi-poctures. In general, the first impressions of it are quite positive and acquired this unit is worth it, but to decide, of course, you.

Technical capabilities and functionality

Looking at the multicoper, immediately understand that his elements are small rooms where the management of larger models is not available. Before running DRON, you need to calibrate. Before you start working with the device, charge completely rechargeable batteries And install power supplies in the headset of radio control.

After that, turn on the drone and the remote control - the light alarm will give you to understand that the synchronization of devices is performed successfully. It is necessary to install the quadcopter on a flat surface and press a special key combination on the joystick. After the end of the flickering of LED Dron is ready for flight.

Let us dwell on the control panel. Its size is small, but very familiar to all lovers computer games. For them to keep him in his hands will be comfortable and familiar. The joysticks are conveniently located under thumbs and gently rotate when pressed on them. Maintenance function keys Are on top, under the indicable fingers.

The color of the joystick is white with orange buttons, regardless of the color of the model itself. The joystick and buttons are made of the same material as the multicopter. After pressing the key, quietly return to the initial position. There is no effect of sticking, which was inherent in initial models.

Works a remote 2.4 GHz. After switching on, a protected channel is created, where the signal does not receive from other devices, thereby displaying the control system to a completely new, high level.

Multicoper description:

• Full name - FQ777-951C;
• Operating frequency - 2.4 GHz;
• Available colors - white and black;
• Radius of control range - up to 50 meters;
• The camera is 0.3 mp;
• The number of control modes - 2 (weak turns of revolutions and strong);
• The duration of the flight is about 6 minutes;
• The time required for complete battery charging is about 35 minutes;
• Power battery - lithium polymer, 150 mAh, 3.7 V;
• Power source joystick - 3 batteries, 1.5 V (AAA type);
• Full flight weight - about 21 grams;
• Incoming voltage for charge - 3.7 V;
• Overall dimensions of the model - 90x40x30 mm;
• Full packaging weight - 200 grams.

The cost of this quadrocopter (according to Bangudu) is about 1400 rubles.Agree, this is a fairly profitable investment.

If you see the guide, you can see that the device has HEADLESS mode.This once again confirms that it is intended for beginners. This mode allows you to correctly navigate when managed.

Usually beginners are faced with the difficulty of controlling the way, which side will turn to them a multicoper. This technology Allows you to determine it easier.

A side that is turned to your ass and eating the apparatus. For the initial level, this is excellent help, but remember that over time you will still need to learn how to manage drone without this function.

Positive features of the model:

• Recording video;
• Programmed flip for 360 degrees;
• Small size;
• Great multi-board design;
• The possibility of flight in a limited space;
• Availability of Headless;
• Stabilization with a six-axis gyroscope.

If we talk about minuses, then the strengths of the collector type can be attributed to them. Such electric motors frequent use We tend to develop a resource, and plastic elements are erased. You can solve this problem in two ways.

If you have a little concept about the operation of such nodes, you can purchase a repair kit made of metal sleeves, replacing which you will increase the period of using the engines several times. The second way and, probably, the easiest is the purchase of new power units. You will not be replaced by any difficulty - unscrewing four fastening bolts, disconnect the drone and notice the old elements on new ones.

Of course, it does not have much of what is in more adult devices, but it is enough that you can comprehend the Aza piloting, and if you take for entertainment, then playing winter evenings, you repeat with his good word.

If you do not want to cause damage to the surrounding fragile things, remove all of the room. Remember that to push the vase and smash it to smire in this multicopter is quite simple. If you have animals, then surely they will be interested in them, especially the dogs, so we will take a very gential to the game with them, the multicoper can easily cause injury.

Playing on the street platform, try not to use the quadrocopter in the rain - the fall into the design of water is fraught with oxidation and further failure of electronic components. After the flights graduated, remove the extra dirt and moisture from the case. It takes a few minutes, but will save a copter as possible for a longer period.

With long use periodically spend full maintenance With disassembly. Scrupulously examine the instruction manual. Even if you are an experienced pilot, you may be interested in any of the items. Before you start the flight, wipe the camera lens - so your pictures will be better.

Performing these simple requirements, you can use the device longer by keeping his life for a long time.

Brief Review of Mini Drone FQ777-951C MINI WITH 0.3MP CAMERA

0 Users ( 0 votes)

Pros.

Miniature dimensions, FPV camcorder, removable battery.

Cons

Small flight time, low camera resolution, collector motors.

Summary

An excellent ultramicural aircraft with four collector electric motors on a radio control of 2.4 GHz. Has on board the built-in FPV Cameracapable of transmitting streaming video to the conjugate android device created by the independent Wi-Fi channel. To do this, you must first download and install the appropriate software. A distinctive feature of this device is the ability to quickly replace the flight battery. If there are spare charged battered, the flight can be significantly extended!

Price 4.5.