Mac OS backup file. Backup Mac OS X. According to what Time Machine creates backup copies

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In order not to lose the expensive heart configuration of Mac OS X settings and a set of installed and properly configured programs, you need to do from time to time backups you operating system.

Despite reliability and stability, Mac OS X. still can "fall" when incorrect actions users. And at the most inopportune moment. But after all, I don't want to lose your personal, so expensive heart configuration of settings and a set of installed and properly configured programs ...

In order not to be in such a situation, it is necessary to make backup copies of your operating system from time to time.

Unlike numerous difficulties and prohibitions related to cloning of living beings, no one prevents the creation of an exact copy of your Mac OS X on another "piece of iron".

The beasts to clone difficult, long and mallow, but operating systems are simple, quickly and, in some sense, even necessarily

So, we create our "apple" lamb Dolly.

Time Machine

There are many ways. The first ability to back up your system is laid in the Mac OS X itself, starting with version 10.5 and older. This is Time Machine.

Time Machine B. automatic mode Creates backup copies of the system and all important files on an external hard disk and must "return to the past" to restore system files in the original form at the time when you need it. If you enable Time Machine in "System Preferences), it will suggest creating" backups "(spare copies) and requests the directory to save them.

But Time Machine has a couple of flaws. The first of them - she is very quickly "liquefied" disk space. Although not completely. After creating the first backup, Time Machine continues to save only changed files.

Second problem - automatic copying It interferes normally work, running in itself.

To somehow level it at least, refer to an additional application that allows you to configure the Time Machine itself.

This is a TimeMachineEditor. You can download it. TimemachineEditor will allow more flexibly to configure the schedule of their procedures. For example, it is hourly on Mondays, daily after work and so on.

We increase the intervals of "temporary jumps" using this utility, "Curving appetite" by Time Machine, and customize its backup session under a convenient schedule for yourself.

Thus, Time Machine has the ability to reserve your system at various failures and "roll back" back, but is a cumbersome and not very convenient for this purpose. Including the "backup" disk is not bootable and to restore requires a start with the Installation disk MAC. OS X.

Disk Utility / Disk Utility

Another way to "grow" your "lamb-clone" is to use the regular disk utility. By default, it lies in the program folder / service program (Applications / Utilites).

We launch this application and select the name of your system disk in the menu on the left, for example, X. Now in the Source line window (Source), drag the icon of your starting disk (x), and in the "Purpose" (DESTINATION) line, on the disk icon, Which will save your clone, for example, Backup. It can be an external FireWire- or USB drive, as well as internal hDD Or a flash drive of sufficient volume.

If you need to pre-format this directory, switch to "erase" (erase). For external carriers The format does not matter (as a rule, it is Mac OS Extended Journal (journal), and for hard disk on Makintosh S. intel processorPreferably select "GUID PARTITION TABLE).

Now click "Restore" (Restore) and enter your password. Go.

After some time another "Lamb Dolly" will appear, the absolute copy of your system disk will appear.

Now, if your Mac OS X is fatal "collapses", and no "treatments" will not help, you can repeat this procedure on the contrary, replacing the spoiled system on your saved copy.

To do this, you need to "start" from the spare system itself: enable your wow by holding the OPTION key, then select a disk with a finished clone as a bootable (in our Backup example) and perform the recovery procedure in the reverse sequence.

But before doing this, it is necessary to try to "cure" the spoiled system by the same "disk utility".

Select in the left menu "spoiled" disk (in our example it x and in the First Aid section (First AID) Procedures: "Check access rights" (Verify Disk Permission) and, if necessary, make a "access rights restoration" ( Repair Disk Permission) and, accordingly, "Check Disc" (Verify Disk) - "Repair Disk" (REPAIR DISK).

An indispensable assistance here can also have a friend program onyx.

Despite all the simplicity of cloning with the help Disc utility"This method has one drawback. Copy absolutely all, without exception, information. What if we are talking On a small volume of the spare disk, and then at all about the flash drive? Files on them may simply not fit.

What is the choice?

Opportunities for cloning your "Lamb Dolly" set. Up to use command line According to Apple's instructions. "Simple mortal" may seem more accessible to other utilities, such as SuperDuper!, Clone X, Tri-Backup or MactuneUp. In my opinion, the most advanced among them, convenient and at the same time absolutely free Carbon Copy Cloner is called.

Carbon Copy Cloner is manufactured by Bombich Software. You can download it. Voluntary donations to developers (donate) are welcome.

Mike Bombich (Mike Bombich), the creator of this wonderful program, in an interview with a popular American site emphasized the "highlight" of his brainchild: the speed of the cloning process, the possibility of selective data transfer and additional protection against random actions in the form of a special list of all possible candidate disks with the request Their ID (unique identifier).

Carbon Copy Cloner makes it possible to create a complete or partial clone of your system, having transferred it to another disk or saving it in the form.dmg (disk image). IN fresh versions Carbon Copy Cloner, focused on the Snow Leopard system (Snow Bars), supports compression in file System HFS +, it became more convenient to show the sizes of folders and disks in a decimal system, the copy speed has increased, and the Time Machine databases are ignored if they are already created.

CARBON COPY CLONER can be very useful when an upgrade of the system disk and replacing it to more capacious. It is enough to transfer a pre-rejected system to a new disk.

Before you start creating a backup copy of your system, it would be nice to pre-clean the whole "garbage", which accumulated in the system using the ONYX utility and put it in order.

Install Carbon Copy Cloner and run. If you need during work, enter your usual password and unscrew the "lock" on the left below.

On the left at the top of the Source Disk menu (Resource Disk), select the one from which your system will be jammed (in our example it is Disk X).

At the top of the right Target Disk (target disc), choose the one to which the "twin" of your Mac OS X is saved. (In our case - x2. It is important to note that this utility has the opportunity to write the system in format.dmg and even on remote computer over the network.

Now take a look at another opportunity Carbon Copy Cloner: Create special filters, allowing to exclude some files from the clone on the expansion sign, for example.mkv or.avi, and then the films of this format are not inclined. It will help save space.

In order not to complicate my life, we will try to manually make some preliminary procedures, allowing to facilitate the spare system and speed up the cloning process.

It is not necessary to keep on the backup of the system all your library: digital photos, music, movies, auxiliary documentation, and so on. And also working files that can "weigh" not one gigabyte. You can also refuse "heavy programs", if there is not enough space on the backup disk.

Find the Items to Be Copied in the left window (points to be copied) and look carefully, turning off some ticks opposite unnecessary files. If they are stored on your disk not as hit, then, most likely, it will be the users directory (users) / MacUser (your username). For example, in this configuration, we turn off Calibrie Library (the database of reading libraries) and the books contained in it. After all, they are already written on a separate DVD.

Then in the section on the right Cloning Options (cloning mode), select Incremental Backups of Selected Items (incremental "backup" of dedicated items) This dynamic mode will allow you to transfer only changed data when you update the spare system version next time. Tick \u200b\u200bbelow Delete Items That Don't Exist On The Source In Synchronization mode, it will not "take with you" old programs and other files that you have long been not using.

Protect root-level Items on the target will save the superuser mode if you are. And finally, Archive Modified and Deleted Items will create a separate archive of altered and remote files. In my opinion, it is better to turn off, so as not to waste time.

In the event that the Carbon Copy Cloner "gives good" - This Volume Will Be Bootable, and therefore, there is enough space on a spare disk or flash drive, and this volume will become bootable, you can start.

All made by you preliminary settings Save if you click Save Task (Save Task) if you are going to make clones of your disk on a specific schedule, as in Time Machine. But to create a backup Mac OS X, it is unlikely to come in handy.

Click Clone (cloning).

How many files are stored on your system disk? It turns tens of thousands. So the process can take some time: from fifteen minutes to hours or two. It depends on the amount of information.

And so he ended. Now we have two "lambs dolly" - mirror Mac OS X. And you can be sure that you will not be able to have an inappropriate moment at the "broken trough."

Using MacOS backup, you can avoid problems such as loss of data when driven by a drive or system troubleshooting that cannot be corrected.

Any - unsuccessful system update, disk damage, software and system errors, Or the need for a pre-configured and saved system. In this manual you will learn how to create backup copies Macos.Maintaining yourself from losing important data and other problems.

Creating a backup using Time Machine

To create a backup in Time Machine needed external disk Connected to a computer, such as a USB drive of sufficient capacity.

Time Machine automatically performs hourly backup in the last day, daily, within a month and every week in all past months. As the disk is filling, previously created copies will be replaced.

Connect an external disk to your Mac, go to the system settings and open " Time Machine".

Click " Select backup disk".

Select an external disk, check the box " Encrypt copies"(To ensure backup security) and click" Use disk".

Create a password to be used to encrypt your disk.

Important . If you forget the password, the backup recovery will be impossible.

If the disc is not formatted accordingly, it will be proposed to erase it.

After that, Time Machine will start periodically create backup copies of your system.

If you want to disable automatic backup, just remove the checkbox with " Create backup copies automatically".

If necessary, you can run backup manually by selecting in the top menu " Create backup now".

And also, view the status of the backup, stop backing up, log in to Time Machine and open the settings.

ICLOUD backup

Open " System settings "And go" icloud.".

Check the data for which you want to back up.

Do not forget to look into " Parameters".

Now you can save your data from loss and restore them when necessary.

Find out why you need to make a backup of Mac and how the Time Machine application will help.

Why do you need a backup copy

Backup Stores your Mac data - documents, installed applications, Passwords, photos. If a necessary information wound or you "move" on new computerThe data is easy to restore from the copy.

Time Machine - simple and convenient way Mac backup. Using it you can restore both individual files and the entire system. In addition, it is pre-installed on all computers MAC.So, you do not need to look for third-party applications.

How Time Machine works

Time Machine periodically copies data from a computer to an outer hard drive or flash drive. She can do it hourly, daily and weekly. When the memory on the disk is over, Time Machine will remove the oldest copies and replace them with new ones.

At the same time, the program stores not only the current version of files, but also all old ones. Therefore, you can return to a specific point of system recovery.

On MacBook, starting with OS X Yosemite and newer, it has the opportunity to create a local backup. It will persist once a day or a week in the laptop's memory. When memory is filled with more than 80%, old backups will be deleted.

How to enable backup to Time Machine

Step 1: Open "System Settings"\u003e Time Machine.
Step 2: Click "Select Reserve Disk".

Step 3: Select an external hard disk or flash drive to which a backup will be saved.
Step 4: Check the "Create backup automatically" checkbox.

Now a backup copy of your Mac will be saved to the specified hard disk.

How to remove certain files from the backup

If you do not want some files or folders to back up:

Step 1: Open "System Settings"\u003e Time Machine.

Step 2: Click "Options" and select Folders and files that you want to exclude from backup.

How to restore certain files from the backup

Step 1: Open "System Settings"\u003e Time Machine.
Step 2: Check the "Show Time Machine in the Menu Row" checkbox.
Step 3: Click on the Time Machine icon in the menu bar and select "Log in to Time Machine."

Step 4: Find the desired file. or folder and click "Restore".

The selected file will be copied to the starting place on Mac.

How to restore the system from the backup

If you bought new Mac, You can transfer all the data from the old computer to it, up to the system settings.

Step 1: Turn on the computer, and as soon as the Apple logo appears on the screen, clamp the COMMAND keys (⌘) + R. Mac will boot in recovery mode.
Step 2: Select "Restore from Time Machine backup" and click "Continue".
Step 3: Select a backup of Time Machine and click "Continue."
Step 4: Select the last backup and click "Continue".

The system will start recovering, at the end of the operation, the computer will reboot.

Did your computer ever fell? Have you ever lost a laptop? If not, you are very lucky. This happened to many of us. Ask anyone who ever lost your computer, and he will tell you:

This is not fun.

In the end, most of us stores all data on the computer. Thesis, working files, family photos, finance - all this is almost everyone.

But when your computer fails ... The question arises how to restore the data ...

That's why important Make a backup of your hard disk. Your Mac can work perfectly, you can be sure of it 100%, but you never know what can happen tomorrow or now 10 minutes later. And when something happens, you must be in all weapons.

Fortunately, there are several in different ways Create a backup of all files. All these methods are pretty simple and will take you less than quite a bit of time.

Mac backup using Time Machine

Apple allows you to easily create backup copies of your laptop, creating a copy of the hard disk. Since 2007, Apple has equipped every laptop and desktop software TIME MACHINE.

In fact, this program is a built-in backup function that allows you to create copies of the hard disk at any time. It's great because it not only allows you to recover your computer if it completely stops working, but also allows you to restore individual files if you deleted them.

Accidentally devastated his basket with an important folder in it?

Do not worry! If you have created a backup copy of your computer using Time Machine, you can recover this file back in just a few minutes!

After you turn on Time Machine, it will periodically archive all files on your computer depending on your program settings. We offer you to configure automatic backup to a weekly or daily backup (you can even make it hourly backup if you want). Thus, you do not need to specifically allocate time for backup, because your computer will do it automatically.

That's how to use it:

First, you will need an external disc for storing your files. It can be a traditional external, which is connected via USB, FireWire or Thunderbolt. Or you can use one of the branded apple devices Time Capsule, if you have it.

You can even store your files on another computer on your network if this computer is compatible with the function of the General Apple File Protocol (AFP).

All duplicates of files after their rendering will be stored on this disk. Thus, to make a backup, you need to connect it.

Therefore, before proceeding to work, you need to take an external disk and connect it. If you want to save your materials on another computer with general access To files, you can skip this step and move on.

Setting Time Machine:

Does Time Machine all backup every time?

New users are often wondering when they use Time Machine, whether he creates a copy of each separate file. Every time reserves a computer.

Answer ... yes!

The program automatically copies all the wiles to your hard drive.

Thus, every time it starts, it will copy your system files, accounts, applications, settings, images, videos, documents, music and even emails.

It may seem strange that on the external disk there is a full copy of your computer. But do not worry. If something goes wrong, you will be glad that you have it.

Mac backup on iCloud

You do not have outdoor hard disk for backup? No need to worry! There are ways to save your security files, even without an external disk.

One of best ways Make it with. Advantages in using clouds as a backup - access to data from anywhere. Well, this is the fact that you do not need to carry an external disk with you along with a laptop.

iCloud is fairly easy to use. All you need to do is drag files directly to the cloud storage. You will sleep quietly at night, knowing that your security files, even if your computer does not cope with the task, and your outdoor hard The disk will break.

This is how to use it:

1. Before using the ICloud disk, you must. You need latest version Mac operating system when you are trying to access the cloud. Otherwise, you may have difficulty.

Can you back up the entire computer in ICloud?

Want to create a copy of your hard disk and download it in ICLOUD?

Short answer: Yes. But this is a kind of problem. The problem is that Apple provides you with a limited space in the cloud. And although they give you 5 GB of disk space for free in your account, they will make you pay for the expansion of space.

The cost of data placement in ICloud varies from the region to the region. Currently you can buy 50 GB of additional cloud storage for $ 0.99 per month. Or, you can invest in 2 TB of an additional place for $ 9.99 per month.

Unfortunately, your computer probably contains more than 5 GB of data. Therefore, if you want to back up the entire hard disk in ICloud, you will have to pay the Apple monthly subscription.

And there is another obstacle in this process ...

You will need to create a copy of the hard disk before you can export it into the cloud. Most likely, there is not enough space on your device for two copies.

Thus, you probably need an external disk. Thus, you will have a device for storing your copy. After copying, you can drag this file to your ICLOUD account.

There are several benefits of having two copies of your hard disk. As I said, it's nice to have a local backup and a cloud backup so that you never lose your files.

But you will have to pay for it - both in the cloud and in the physical space.

Mac backup on Google Drive

Another way to make a backup of your Mac is to save all your files on Google disk. Like iCloud, this option gives you the ability to store all your data in a reliable and secure folder on the Internet.

Now we understand that Google Drive is not the first choice of Apple user in data storage solutions. I mean, why do you use it when you already have access to ICLOUD?

As the owner of Mac, ICloud will be your first choice. Who wants to open a completely new site when they can simply drag their files to the folder, which is already on their computer?

But if you are looking for an extra storage place, Google Drive may be the best option. When you register in the Drive account, Google provides you with 15 GB of free disk space. It is more than 5 GB that go with accounting icloud.

And you can do anything if necessary. You can get 100 GB for $ 1.99 per month, which may cost if you consider 15 free GBs that they already give you.

Google Drive is also relatively easy to use. In fact, you probably already have an account if you have a Gmail address, so everything you need to do is go to or you can download the application through the App Store.

Regardless of whether you install it or use it on your website, all you need to do is drag files or folders to disk. They will be downloaded instantly.

It is so simple!

How can I use backup and synchronization?

Disadvantage Google disc It is what you have to upload each folder separately. It is impossible to drag at the same time all hard disk in the app.

But with help google Apps Backup and Sync You can create a copy of your hard disk and save it on the Internet.

Somehow is uncomfortable that you have to download an additional application. But if it hurts me to lose all my files, if my computer breaks, such efforts will not be in vain.

That's how it works:

You can get common data by clicking the Apple icon in the upper left corner of the desktop and selecting "On this Mac". When the Overview window opens, select the "Storage" tab to find out how much GB you saved on your computer.

Make sure you have free enough space on the disk (or icloud) to store all the files you plan to save.