What the wires in USB are responsible for. Plug USB pinout. How to connect the front panel to the motherboard
Currently all mobile devices And desktop electrical appliances have in their arsenal ports for data transmission. Modern gadgets may not only exchange information through USB or Micro-USB, But also exercise batteries. In order to spend the competent pinout of the contacts, first you need to study the circuits and colors of the wires of wires.
Wire colors in USB cable
Connector Scheme for USB 2.0
In the diagram you can see several connectors, differing from each other by a specific sign. For example, an active (feed) device is denoted by the letter A, and the passive (connected) device - the letter V. To the active includes computers and hosts, and passive make up printers, scanners and other devices. It is also accepted to separate the connectors on the floor: M (Male) or "Dad" is a plug, and F (Female) or "Mom" is the connector socket. There are formats: mini, micro and without labeling. For example, if the designation " USB Micro-Vm"This means that the plug is designed to connect to a passive device according to the Micro format.
To pinp the nests and plugs, you will need knowledge about destination of wires in a USB cable:
- the red VBUS ("plus") passes a constant voltage of 5 volts relative to GND. Minimum power electric current For him, equal to 500 mA;
- the white wire is connected to "minus" (D-);
- the green wire is attached to the "plus" (D +);
- the black color of the wire means that the voltage in it is 0 volt, it carries a minus charge and is used for grounding.
In Mini and Micro formats, connectors contain five contacts: red, black, white and green wires, as well as id (which in the connectors of type A is closed on GND, and in the connections B is not involved at all).
Sometimes a bare wire Shield can be found in the USB cable. This wire does not have the numbers.
If you use the table in the work, the connector in it is shown from the external (working) side. Light gray color have insulating connector parts, dark gray in metal parts, and cavities are indicated by white.
In order to carry out the correct USB splice, you need to mirror the image of the front of the connector.
Connectors from mini and micro formats on USB consist of five contacts. Therefore, the fourth contact in the type connections in the work does not have to use. This contact in the type A connectors is closed with GND, and for the GND itself, the fifth.
As a result, non-cunning manipulations can be done on their own.
USB split version 3.0 It is characterized by adding four non-ferrous wires and additional grounding. Due to this cable USB 3.0. noticeably thicker of your junior fellow.
Schemes uSB connections Device to each other and connecting the plugs of devices:
Reading schemes: choke, coil, condenser Convenient chrome chrome for transformers. Soldering Heating Regulator with Power Indicator Repair of household fan Homemade sensor Pressure
The USB cable pinout means the description of the internal unit of the universal sequential tire. This device is used to transmit data and charging batteries of any electronic devices: mobile phones, players, laptops, tablet computers, tape recorders and other gadgets.
High-quality pinout requires knowledge and skills to read schemes, orientation in types and types of connections, you need to know the classification of wires, their colors and purpose. Long and uninterrupted cable operation is ensured by the correct connection with wires 2 connectors USB and mini-USB.
Types of USB connectors, main differences and features
Universal sequential tire is represented by 3 versions - USB 1.1, USB 2.0 and USB 3.0. The first two specifications are completely combined with each other, the tire 3.0 has a partial alignment.
USB 1.1 is the first version of the device used for data transmission. The specification is applied only for compatibility, as 2 data transmission operating modes ( Low-Speed \u200b\u200band Full-Speed) Possess low information exchange. Low-speed mode with a data transfer rate of 10-1500 kbit / s is used for joysticks, mice, keyboards. Full-Speed \u200b\u200bis involved in audio and video devices.
In USB 2.0, the third mode of operation is added - high-speed to connect information storage devices and video devices to a higher organization. The connector is marked with an inscription Hi-Speed \u200b\u200bon the logo. The rate of information exchange in this mode is 480 Mbps, which equals the copy speed of 48 MB / s.
In practice, due to the features of the design and implementation of the protocol, bandwidth The second version turned out to be less declared and amounts to 30-35 MB / s. The cable and connectors of the specifications of the universal bus 1.1 and second generation have an identical configuration.
The universal third-generation bus maintains a 5 Gb / s speed, equal to the copy speed of 500 MB / s. It is produced in blue color, which makes it easier to determine the membership of the plugs and the nest to the improved model. The power of the current in the tire 3.0 increased from 500 mA to 900 mA. This feature allows not to use individual power supplies for peripheral devices, but to use the bus 3.0 for their power.
Compatibility of Specifications 2.0 and 3.0 is partially executed.
Classification and pickling
In descriptions and notation in the tables of the SUE connectors, it is decided by default that the species is shown from the external, the working side. If a view from the mounting side is submitted, it is stipulated in the description. In the light-gray scheme, the insulating elements of the connector are marked, dark gray - metal parts, cavities are referred to as white.
Despite the fact that the sequential tire is called universal, it is represented by 2 types. They perform different functions and provide compatibility with devices with improved characteristics.
Type A includes active, feeding devices ( computer, Host), to type B - passive, plug-in equipment ( printer, scanner). All sockets and plugs of second-generation tires and version 3.0 type A are designed for collaboration. Third-generation Type b bus jack is larger than needed for a plug version 2.0 type B, so the device with a universal bus connector 2.0 Type B is connected using only USB 2.0 cable. Connecting external equipment with modification connectors 3.0 Type B is performed by cables of both types.
Classic type B connectors are not suitable for connecting small-sized electronic equipment. Connecting tablets, digital technology, mobile phones is performed using miniature mini-USB connectors and their improved modification of Micro-USB. These connectors have reduced plug dimensions and sockets.
The latest modification of the UNSB connectors is Type C. This design has the same connectors at both ends of the cable, has a more high-speed data transmission and greater power.
Pointing USB 2.0 Connector Types A and B
Classic connectors contain 4 types of contacts, in mini and microformats - 5 contacts. Wiring colors in USB cable 2.0:
- + 5V ( red VBus), voltage 5 V, the maximum current of 0.5 A, is intended for nutrition;
- D- ( white) Data-;
- D + ( green) Data +;
- GND ( the black), Voltage 0 V, used for grounding.
For mini format: Mini-USB and Micro-USB:
- Red VBus (+), voltage 5 V, current of 0.5 A.
- White (-), D-.
- Green (+), D +.
- ID - for type A closed on GND, to maintain the OTG function, and do not use for type B.
- Black GND, voltage 0 V, used for grounding.
In most cables there is a shield wire, it has no insulation, used as a screen. It is not marked, and he does not assign a number. The universal tire has 2 types of connector. They have the designation M ( male) and f ( female). Connector M ( dad) Call the plug, it is inserted, the fler F ( mum) It is called the nest, insert it into it.
Molding USB 3.0 Types A and B
Tire version 3.0 has a connection of 10 or 9 wires. 9 contacts are used if there is no shield wire. The location of the contacts is made in such a way that you can connect the devices of early modifications.
Spacking USB 3.0:
- A - plug;
- B - nest;
- 1, 2, 3, 4 - contacts that coincide with pinout contacts in Specification 2.0, have the same color gamut;
- 5, 6 Contacts for data transmission using the Super_Speed \u200b\u200bprotocol, have the designation SS_TX and SS_TX +, respectively;
- 7 - Grounding GND;
- 8, 9 - Wire contact pads for receiving data on the Super_Speed \u200b\u200bprotocol, contact designation: SS_RX- and SS_RX +.
MICRO-USB CONNECTOR SPORT
Micro-USB cable has connections with 5 contact pads. It is supplied to a separate mounting wire in the isolation of the desired color. So that the plug is accurate and tight in the nest, the upper shielding part has a special chamfer. Contacts Micro USB numbered numbers from 1 to 5 and read right to left.
Micro and mini-USB cructures are identical, presented in the table:
The shielding wire is not soldered to any contact.
MINI-USB pinout
MINI-A and MINI-B connectors appeared on the market in 2000, USB 2.0 standard used. Today, the day is little used due to the emergence of more advanced modifications. I replaced the microtinites and models of YUSB type C. In the mini connectors, 4 shielded wires and ID-function are used. 2 Wires are used to power: feeding +5 V and ground GND. 2 Wires for receiving and sending differential data signals are denoted by D + and D-PIN. Data + and Data signals are transmitted by software. D + and D-work always together, they are not separate simplex connections.
The USB connectors use 2 types of cables:
- shielded, 28 AWG twisted, power 28 AWG or 20 AWG without twist;
- unshielded, 28 AWG without twist, power 28 AWG or 20 AWG without twist.
The cable length depends on the power:
- 28 - 0.81 m;
- 26 - 1.31 m;
- 24 - 2.08 m;
- 22 - 3.33 m;
- 20 - 5 m.
Many manufacturers of digital technology are developing and equipped their products with different configuration connectors. It can cause difficulties with charging mobile phone or other devices.
The universal USB bus is one of the popular personal computer interfaces. It allows you to make a serial connection various devices (up to 127-units). Also, USB bus support the connection and shutdown function when working personal Computer. In this case, devices can be powered directly through the mentioned element, which frees from the need to use additional power supplies. In this article, we will look at what is a standard USB pinout. This information can be useful when the manufacture of any USB adapters or devices receiving power through the interface we are considered. In addition, we will analyze what is a micro-USB pinout and, of course, mini-USB.
Description and dispenser USB interface
Almost every PC user knows how the USB connector looks like. This is a flat four-pin interface of type A. USB-connector "Mom" has an AF marking, and "dad" - am. Pointing USB type A consists of four contacts. The first wire is marked with red, voltage is supplied to it. direct current +5 V. It is allowed to supply the maximum current equal to 500 mA. The second contact is white - designed for (D-). The third wire (green) is also used to transmit data (D +). Last contact marked with black, it is supplied to the power voltage zero (shared wire).
Connectors of type A are considered active, they are connected to the supply host, etc.). Type B is considered passive, they attach devices such as printers, scanners, etc.. Type B connectors are a square with two beveled corners. "Mom" has a BF label, and "dad" - VM. Type B Type B Type has the same four contacts (two above and two below), appointment - identical type A.
Spacking micro-USB connectors
This type of connectors are most often used to connect tablets and smartphones. They are significantly smaller in size than the standard USB interface. Another feature is the presence of five contacts. The marking of such connectors has the following form: Micro-AF (BF) - "Mom" and Micro-AM (VM) - "Dad".
Pointing USB type micro:
The first contact (red) is designed to supply the supply voltage + 5 V;
The second and third wire (white and green colors) are used to transmit data;
The fourth contact (ID) in the type connector is not involved, and in the connectors of type A, it closes to the general wire to support the OTG function;
The last, fifth, contact (black) is zero tension.
In addition to the listed, in the cable there may be another wire used for "shielding"; The number is not assigned to him.
Pointing Mini USB
Mini USB type connections also contain five contacts. Make these connectors in the following way: mini-AF (BF) - "Mom" and Mini-AM (VM) - "Dad". The connecting of contacts is identical to the micro-USB type.
Conclusion
Information on the splitting of wires for USB connectors is very relevant, since this type of interface is used in almost all mobile and desktop devices and gadgets. These connectors are used as the charge built-in rechargeable batteriesand data transfer.
The USB interface (universal sequential tire) has been actively used for 2 decades, and during this time several standards have been created. For the first time this happened in 1997, when the corresponding connector appeared on the motherboards. Today it will be discussed about the standards and pinout USB, but first need mark advantage tires.
One of the main among them is support Plug. & Play. Now after connecting the device no longer need to manually install the necessary drivers and reboot a personal computer.
The bus not only allows you to transmit information, but also provides the power to the connected device. As a result have an opportunity Create mobile networks and sound cardsas well as other types of controllers.
USB version
Currently created 3 Standards This interface. The main differences between them are not in the pinout of the USB connector, and D speed exchange speed. At the same time, the compatibility of new versions with the previous ones is ensured, which greatly facilitated the life of users.
Type 1.1.
This standard is able to provide transmission speed information up to 12 MB / s. During its creation, it was a good indicator, but still there was a more high-speed interface - IEEE 1394 or FireWire (up to 400 MB / s), developed by Apple. However, USB 1.1 was quite widespread and was used for several years.
Among the main characteristics of this specification should be noted:
- The ability to connect more than 100 devices, including hubs.
- The maximum length of the cord is 3 m.
- The tire voltage indicator is 5 V, and the load current is 0.5 A.
Type 2.0.
It is necessary to take into account the fact that the real bandwidth of YUSB 2.0 was significantly different from the specification. This is due to the implementation of the operation of the protocol that allows a delay in transmitting data packets. In recent years, there have been a mass of devices, for the normal operation of which was required large bandwidth tire.
Type 3.0.
it new standardwhose mass distribution began in 2010. It allows you to transfer information at a speed of up to 5 GB / s. Although the sprinkler of the USB connector 3.0 and has some differences from the 2nd version, they are fully compatible. To distinguish the connectors of these standards, the nests and the USB 3.0 plug are marked with blue.
There are also exist certain inconsistencies In the splitting of the connectors. The rated current indicator is increased to 0.9 A. As a result, the number of peripheral devices has increased, for which a separate power supply is no longer required. Have their own classification and connectors YUSB:
- Type A is designed to connect to the nest installed on motherboard Computer or hub.
- Type B is used in peripheral devices (printers).
Second-type connectors have quite large sizes and cannot be installed on portable gadgets. To correct the situation, MICRO- and Mini Yusb standards were created.
Pointing of USB 2.0 connectors (Types, A and B)
Since the connectors of the first versions of the universal serial tire do not differ physically, it is enough to know the decay of the last standard. The first contact is powered by a 5 V power supply, and the 2nd and 3rd wires are involved for the signal transmission. Plotovka USB cable The colors look like this:
- 1 - red.
- 2 - white.
- 3 - green.
- 4 - black.
Turning the USB 3.0 Connector
IN latest version The standard instead of 4 contacts use 9. The decay color scheme is shown in the figure and has the following form:
- Purpose of contacts from 1 to 4 similar to the previous version.
- 5-6 and 8-9 Wires are used, respectively, to transmit / receive data on the Super Speed \u200b\u200bprotocol.
- 7 - Mass of signal wires.
Type connectors in version 3.0 are incompatible with previous standards.
The MINI-USB pinout is similar to micro, but in the third version of the interface only the last type connector is applied. Micro-USB 2.0 has 5 contacts, however, only 4. In the last version, the number of wires is increased by 2 times. Contacts 1-5 perform the same functions as in the connector of the former standard, and the rest are intended to solve the following tasks:
- 6-7 and 9-10 - respectively for transmitting / receiving data on a high-speed protocol.
- 8 - Earth of information wires.
COOKER MICRO-YUSB for charging
Although all mobile gadgets are charged via USB connector, there is no single standard, and each manufacturer has developed its own scheme. You can use any power adapter to recharge the battery. For example, in the iPhone, it is necessary to connect the contacts 2, 3 s 4 by means of a resistor with a nominal resistance of 50 com, and from 5 to 75 com. At the main thing competitor Samsung. Galaxy micro-USB connector pinout is simpler. It will be necessary to put a jumper between contacts 2 and 3, and 4 to connect with a 5 resistor in 200 kΩ.
Connected by universal serial bus. Therefore, the USB pinout on the motherboard plays a very important role in the modern computer. There are two ways to install such connectors. The first is the installation directly on the board. At the same time, it is displayed on the back side and is immediately ready for work. But it is not always convenient to connect to it - and therefore developed another way. Its essence lies in the prepared sector on the main board of the PC, to which the wires from the front panel are joined. And on it and there is a connector.
The same universal standard USB 2.0 includes 4 contacts. The first of them is indicated by "+ 5V". With it, the supply is provided on peripheral device. The second and third are the contacts for which information is transmitted. They are indicated by "Data-" (minus data transfer) and "Data +" (plus the last, 4th, which enters the motherboard, is "GND" - the supply of land. In accordance with the standards taken today, they are indicated by the following Flowers: Nutrition - Red, "Data-" - white, "Data +" - green, and "GND" - black.
Such interface connections are made in pairs, therefore on the board on one contact group 2 USB standard connector is immediately located. The flipping consists of 9 contacts: 4 - per connector, 4 - to another, and the last two play the role of the so-called key. In one place there is a pin, and in the other it is not. So done so that it is impossible to confuse them and to correctly perform the connection. The fitting from the front panel is also performed in the same way. Therefore, when connecting the first to the second must be established without problems. If this does not happen, then you need to see if you are doing everything right.
Recently, the 3rd version of the USB standard is becoming increasingly popular. The pinout on the motherboard is significantly different because much more wires are used to transfer information. They are in this performance of only 9. In addition to the previous 4, 2 pairs of "SuperSpeed" + and 2 pairs of the same species are added, but only with a minus, as well as "GND Drain" - additional land. It is more than the wires that allows you to increase the wires in them according to color, respectively, blue, purple - minus, yellow, orange - plus, and another black - additional grounding. As the number of wires is increasing, the USB pinout on the motherboard is increasing directly proportional. For such a standard, 19 contacts are already used. One of them is the key, and its purpose is to ensure the correctness of the connection.
With the help of a universal serial tire, the great many different devices are connected to modern computers and laptops. Printer, scanner, MFP, flash drives, keyboard, mouse and other devices that are significantly expanding the PC capabilities - all this connects with the computer that is exactly the interface. It is not always convenient to connect to the back of the computer, and the number of integrated connectors may not be enough. It is to solve such a problem and a USB pinout on a motherboard, which allows you to significantly increase the number of ports.