What makes disk defragmentation on Windows. Defragmentation of a disk on Windows: Why is needed and how to do. Which disk should defragment
Why in lately Defragmentation hard disks I became exotic, although it was still 6-7 years ago it was in the order of things. Many have heard about it, but they make units. Allow such fossil mammoth as I explain what it is and why defragmentation hard disk Needless.
What is fragmentation?
Once there is a disk defragmentation, there must be fragmentation ... What is it? Directory (folders), subdirectory (subfolders) and files form the hierarchical structure of the hard disk modern computer. From the very beginning it is necessary to understand that the files and folders do not at all lie solid pieces on the disk. In theory, they would have to lie like that, but in reality everything is somewhat different. When recording on hDD Files are written sequentially located slices called clusters. At the beginning, when the semi-empty cluster disc clusters and folders may well lie next, which ensures quick reading of such information. However, after some (relatively small), these pieces (fragments) of files are scattered throughout the hard disk. This is due to numerous erasing, transfer, copying and other file operations while working on the PC. Here is a state of the file (scattered by pieces of pieces) and is called fragmentation.
Why do you need a disk defragmentation?
As a result of numerous deletions, gears, copying and other file operations, pieces of the same file are in different ends of the disk. Accordingly, the reading head of the gesting disk to read the entire file, you have to wear as a bee there on the surface of the disk. It is spent on this time. And if there are many such pieces and are located far from each other, then this time becomes very noticeable. In fact, the search for slicing file is slowed down, because it takes time to read the position from the table, time to move, braking, accurate positioning of the head. The user is perceived as "brakes" of the system when loading, opening files, as well as when performing various operations.
It turns out that, the more fragmented files on the disk (above the fragmentedness of the file system), the lower the performance of the system as a whole. In order to optimize the performance of the computer and need defragmentation - transferring and consolidation scattered over the hard disk pieces of files for compact storage to reduce the time of their opening. Defragmentation allows you to upload programs and files faster.
What happens when disk defragmentation?
As already mentioned slightly higher, with disk defragmentation, the consolidation of files scattered over a hard disk for compact storage occurs. The algorithms of this process can be different from different defragentar program. There are the most common rules that most adhere to most software solutions For disk defragmentation:
- Migrate the most commonly used and system files to the beginning of the disk for more quick access to them;
- Consolidation of an empty disk space to reduce the likelihood of fragmentation upon subsequent work;
- As close as possible to each other files of the same directory (folders).
I have NTFS discs, why should I defragment?
People who ask this question clearly read Microsoft's advertising slogans and fell their victim. The statement that NTFS is not exposed to fragmentation of files ", gently say, does not correspond to reality. Also not quite correctly approval that nTFS system "prevents fragmentation." In fact, of course, it hinders, but the sense of this is zero. The NTFS file system is in fact very predisposed to fragmentation, despite all marketing rocks. Yes, the structure of this system is such that fragmentation is not a hindrance for quick search pieces of files. However, from unnecessary disk heads when reading files this structure will not save. Therefore, disk defragmentation with the NTFS file system is also necessary.
How often do defragment hard drives?
It depends on the intensity of using the hard disk. Previously, manufacturers of software recommended disk defragmentation once a month. For a home computer used from the case towards the occasion in the evenings and is not too intense this frequency, in my opinion, is even excessive. Once every two months, and even three - quite enough. If the home computer is used intensively - new games are constantly set, the movies are downloaded, old files are deleted, then once a month is a completely adequate frequency of defragmentation.
If the PC is used constantly and intensively, as it is called, "and in the tail and in the mane", then once every 3-4 weeks is a completely normal option of defragmentation. In this case, it may be reasonable to put automatic start This process is scheduled. The only advice is to choose the time when the computer is used least intensively, since at the time of defragmentation, work with a PC can be impossible or difficult, since this process "eats up" quite a lot of resources.
How to make a hard disk defragmentation?
Exist special programs For defragmentation. There are quite a lot of them. I do not recommend using the standard Windows defragmentator. It works for a long time and not too high quality. However, if it is impossible to find something else, you can use it. To do this, open the list of disks in the My Computer window, and then click right-click Mice on any disk, after which choose "Properties" - "Service" - "Perform defragmentation". In the snap-in appeared, select a disk for defragmentation and click "Defragmentation".
Successful programs for defragmentation are both paid and free. I try to enjoy free, especially since there are many very standing among them that are superior to the majority paid analogs. I will list only the most visible from free defragmenters: and. Choose and use.
Please note that effective defragmentation you need to have a sufficient amount of free disk space. Usually, about 10-15% of the free space is required, as the defragmentator needs a place to copy files.
Good hour! You want - do not want, and that the computer worked quickly - it takes from time to time to carry out preventive measures (clean it from temporary and garbage files, to make defragmentation).
In general, I can say that most users are very rarely done by defragmentation, and in general, do not pay due attention to it (whether to ignorance, or simply because of laziness) ...
Meanwhile, conducting it regularly - you can not only speed up the computer, but also to increase the service life of the disk! Since there are always many questions regarding defragmentation, in this article I will try to collect all the main things, which I myself come across pretty often. So …
FAQ. Questions on defragmentation: why do, how often, etc.
1) What is defragmentation, what kind of process? Why do it do?
All files on your disk, while writing to it, are written in consistently with slices on its surface, often called clusters (this word, probably, many have already heard). So, while the hard disk is empty, then the file clusters can be near, but when the information becomes more and more - the scatter of these pieces of one file is also growing.
Because of this, when accessing such a file, your disk has to spend more time reading information. By the way, this scatter pieces is called fragmentation.
Defragmentation The same is directed just that these pieces are compact in one place. In consequence, the speed of your disk and, accordingly, the computer as a whole increases. If you have not done defragmentation for a long time - this may affect the performance of your PC, for example, when opening some files, folders, it will begin to "think" for a while ...
2) How often do you need to do disk defragmentation?
Pretty frequent questionBut it's hard to give a definite answer. It all depends on the frequency of using your computer, from how it is used, which disks are used on it, what file system. In Windows 7 (and above), by the way, there is a good analyzer who will tell you, you need to do defragmentation or not (there are also separate specials. Utilities that can analyze and in time you inform you that it is time ... But about such utilities - below in the article).
To do this, go to control PanelIn the search bar, enter "defragmentation", and Windows will find the desired link (see screen below).
3) whether to defragment solid-state SSD. discs?
Not necessary! And even Windows itself (at least new Windows 10, in Windows 7 - it is possible to do it) disables the analysis and defragmentation button for such disks.
The fact is that the SSD disk - has a limited number of recording cycles. So with each defragment - you reduce the life of your disk. In addition, there are no mechanics in SSD drives, and conducting defragmentation - you will not notice any increase in the speed of work.
4) Do you need to defragment the disk if the NTFS file system is on it?
In fact, it is believed that the NTFS file system practically does not need defragmentation. This is not quite so, although it is partly true. Just this file system is so arranged that it is necessary to defragment the hard disk under its control, it takes much less frequently.
In addition, the speed of work does not fall so much from severe fragmentation, as if it were on Fat (FAT 32).
5) Do you need to clean the disk from "trash" files before defragmentation?
If you cleanse the disk before defragmentation, then:
- accelerate the process itself (because you have to work with fewer files, which means the process to complete earlier);
- make more fast work Windows.
6) What is the defragmentation of the disk?
It is desirable (but not necessarily!) Install a separate special. utility that will deal with this process (About such utilities below in the article). First, she will do it faster than the built-in Windows utilitysecondly, some utilities can be defraganized into automatic modewithout distracting you from work (for example, you launched a movie view, utility, without interfering with you, defragmented the disk at this time).
But, in principle, even the standard embedded in Windows program, makes defragmentation pretty much better (at least she has some "buns", which have third-party developers).
7) Does defragmentation do not system disk (i.e., on which Windows is not installed)?
Good question! It all depends on the same because you use this disc. If you keep only movies and music on it - there is no big sense in defragmentation.
Another thing, if you install on this disk, say, games - and in the game process, some files are loaded. In this case, the game can begin even to slow down if the disk will not have time to answer it in time. As it should, with this option - to deterrate on such a disk - preferably!
How to make disk defragmentation - step-by-step actions
By the way, there is universal programs (I would call them "combines"), which can conduct comprehensive actions to clean your PC from garbage, removing erroneous registry entries, configure your Windows OS and deal with defragmentation (for maximum acceleration!). About one of them can .
1) Cleaning the disk from garbage
Programs for windows cleaning -
I can, for example, recommend CCleaner. First, it is free, secondly, very simple to use and there is nothing superfluous. All that is required by the user is to press the analysis button, and then clean the disc from the garbage found (the screen below).
2) Delete unnecessary files and programs
Programs, by the way, it is desirable to delete through special utilities: (by the way, you can use the same CCleaner utility - there is also a program to delete programs in it).
At worst, you can use the standard utility built into Windows (to open it - use the control panel, see the screen below).
3) launch of defragmentation
Consider the launch of the disk integrated disk defragmant (since it eats me by default, who has Windows :)).
First you need to open control Panel, then section system and safety. Next, next to the tab " Administration"There will be a link" Defragmentation and optimization of your disks"- Go through it (see screen below).
Alternative way to launch defragmentation in Windows
1. Open "My Computer" (or "This Computer").
3. Then in the disk properties, open the section "Service".
4. In the Tools section, click the button " Optimize disc"(Everything is illustrated in the screenshot below).
Important! The defragmentation process may take quite a long time (depends on the size of your disk and the degree of its fragmentedness). At this time, it is better not to touch the computer, do not run resource-intensive tasks: games, video encoding, etc.
The best programs and utilities for disk defragmentation
Note! This section of the article will not reveal all the possibilities of the programs presented here. Here I will stop at the most interesting and convenient utilities (in my opinion) and I will describe their main differences, why I stopped at them and why I recommend to try ...
1) Defraggler
Simple, free, fast and convenient disk defragmentator. The program supports all new windows version (32/64 bits), can work with both entire partitions of discs and with separate files, supports all popular file systems (including NTFS and FAT 32).
By the way, about defragmentation individual files - It is, in general, a unique thing! Not many programs can afford to defragment something specific ...
2) Ashampoo Magical Defrag
To be honest, I like food from Ashampoo. - And this utility is no exception. Its most importantly, its difference from the likes in its kind is that it can defragment the disk in the background (when the computer is not engaged in resource-intensive tasks, which means that the program works - it does not stop and does not interfere with the user).
What is called - I installed once and forgot this problem! In general, I recommend paying attention to it to everyone who is tired of remembering the defragmentation and make it manually ...
3) AUSLOGICS DISK DEFRAG
This program can carry system files (to which you need to provide the greatest speed) to the fastest part of the disk, due to which the work of your Windows OS is somewhat accelerated. In addition, this program is free (for ordinary home use) And you can configure it to automatically start during PC downtime (i.e., by analogy with the previous utility).
I also want to note that the program allows you to defragment not only a specific disk, but also separate files and folders on it.
The program is supported by all new Windows: 7, 8, 10 (32/64 BITS).
4) MyDefrag.
Developer site: http://www.mydefrag.com/
MyDefrag is a small, but convenient disk defragmentation utility, disk, USB-external hard drives, memory cards, etc. media. Perhaps, only therefore I added this program to the list.
Also in the program there is a scheduler for detailed settings launch. There are also versions that do not need to be installed (convenient to carry with you on the flash drive).
5) Smart Defrag
This is one of the fastest disk defragments! Moreover, this is not reflected on the quality of defragmentation. Apparently, the developers of the program managed to find some unique algorithms. In addition, the utility is completely free for home use.
It is also worth noting that the program is very careful about the data, even if some kind of defragmentation occurs system error, Turning off the electricity or something ... - That with your files should not happen, they will also read and open. The only thing will have to re-start the defragmentation process.
Also, the utility provides for two modes of operation: automatic (very convenient - set up and forgotten once) and manual.
It is also worth noting that the program is optimized for work in Windows 7, 8, 10. I recommend to use!
Hello dear readers, there is a very useful thing that serves to speed up and comfortable work in windows Environment In addition, there is another interesting operation called defragmentation of the system. In this article, I will tell you what it is and show how right without spending extra time this operation is carried out!
What is defragmentation and how does it give a computer?
Any hard disk has each file system consisting of having different size depending on the type of file system. For accommodation on the hard disk, not one, but several clusters. When the file is recorded to the disk, the file system gives free clusters, but they are not always issued consistently. Because of this video, music, games are starting to slow down, because The file system begins to search for files across the rigid disk, and therefore the disk resource is reduced.
Therefore defragmentation The disk is used to streamline cluster content, which speeds up the operation of programs.
For a visual example, I will give such an example. Each of us listen to music and when playing a song player begins to look for the desired song, and there would be clusters ordered the player would have found it three times faster! Interested? Then let's see how to do it more correct!
We will defragment a hard drive using two special utilities free Defraggler. and Norton Utilities.. And then I will tell you a few secrets for high-quality defragmentation.
How to make computer defragmentation
Free Defraggler program, how to use?
One of best free software Disk defragmentation is Defraggler. When it starts it, this window opens.
Its interface is very simple, it is completely in Russian, so you should not have difficulties. It is very easy to use her. Choose a disc and press the analysis to find out whether defragmentation is needed or not. Then the defragmentation button. Also, the utility can check the disk for errors.
Norton Utilities.
I noticed this program for a long time, in the year 2004 probably. Then she was much easier. The most important thing is that I was pleased in this program This is defragment. When it starts, you can choose whether you want to defragment.
There is also a program Contigto defragment individual files, but I do not mean that I do not see this, on this I advise you to use the above utilities.
Secrets of proper defragmentation.
1. Defragnization must be made with a large file moving, and Also after installing and updating Widows. If you are a calm user and you almost do nothing at the computer, then defragment is enough to do once a month.
2. When defragmentation, 15% of the disk space is necessary otherwise it will be partial.
4. For its acceleration, you can remove the garbage on the computer in advance.
5. Close all kinds of programs.
Hello!
Defragment the disk is very simple and this, of course, is not worth 1000 rubles. But not every disk must be defraged. About everything in order ...
What disk must defragment:
You need to defragment and you can only HDD. Now the discs are installed on new computers performed on another technology - SSD. Strictly prohibited defragment SSD. Discs! If you use Windows 8 or more modern version - the system itself will determine the SSD disk (will be written "Solid State Drive"). If you use Windows 7 and older versions, determine what the SSD disk is not so simple without special software. Download and run special utility (Download, no viruses). In the program window you will immediately see which drive you have. If SATA is written - such a disk can be defraged if SSD is impossible!
How to defragment disk:
Well, it is very simple to make disk defragmentation. The only problem - this may require a lot of time, so start the procedure when you do not plan to use the computer.
1. Click on the "Start" button, write in the "Defragmentation" search line, click on "Disk Defragment".
2. In the window that appears, select the disk from the list and click "Disk Defragment", the process can take a long time. If about the disk is written "fragmented - 0%", it means that defragmentation is not needed. You can also make a disk analysis before defragmentation, this is a quick procedure and it allows you to accurately determine whether defragmentation is needed. To start the analysis, click on the "Analyze Disk" button.
If you need clarifications -, I will be glad to help! Good luck to you!
Hard disk is one of the most important components of the computer, but not all users pay due attention. At the failure of the processor, video cards, random access memory And they can be quite simply replaced by other components, whereas with a breakdown of the drive, the owner of the computer will lose all its data, which clearly does not want anyone. To avoid the failure of a hard disk, it is necessary to carefully follow it and regularly do defragmentation.
What is disk defragmentation
The defragmentation process is very simple and very important, but many forget about the need for it. It is a streamout of files on the hard disk in such a way that the operating system can be easier and faster to access when requesting them.
During hard work disk on it constantly appears new information. The user downloads files from the Internet, sets programs and games, creates new documents and makes a number of other tasks. When the information is stored on the hard disk, it occupies a certain number of free clusters on it. At the time of deleting, changing, copying files, clusters are cleaned, but a free space is formed between one and other file on the hard disk. Disfiguration of the disc is required to streamline files on the disk, and they consistently walked each other, and there are no free clusters between them.
Defragmentation of the disk on Windows must be performed because:
Some users know about the need for defragmentation, but do not fulfill it. This is due to this process Very long, and to streamline files on a bulk drive can leave up to a tenth of hours. At the same time, the time of procedures can be significantly reduced, for this it is enough to perform it monthly, as recommended hard manufacturers disks. The more often do defragmentation, the smaller the data on the drive will have to be moved, and this process will occur faster.
Important: Perform defragmentation is only necessary on hard disks With a rotating head, whereas on SSD drives it is for nothing. Defragmentation process solid-state disk It will only lead to a decrease in the number of cycles of rewriting on it, but will not give an increase in performance.
How to make disk defragmentation
To make disk defragmentation, you need to start the appropriate process. Operational windows system Contains a special tool that allows you to perform a hard disk defragmentation. Unfortunately, it is not ideal, and in most cases it is more convenient to use third-party utilities. Different programs contain their own algorithms for conducting a drive defragment. Below, we will give an example of several such applications and tell you how to perform work to order clusters using system tools.
Defragmenting hard disk using Windows tools
If you are wondering how to perform disk defragmentation in Windows 10 or more early versions operating system, then make it quite simple. To start the standard defragmentation tool you need:
Please note that in this menu item you can configure "Scheduled Optimization". When choosing the appropriate item, you must set the frequency of the process and hard drives / discs that will be subjected to it. After that, the system will automatically automatically perform the drive on the selected schedule.
Hard disk defragmentation programs
There are dozens of applications that allow you to defragmentation hard disk. Each of them has its pros and cons. Some are better suited for working with large hard drives or drives that are installed on servers, others are good for home use. Below we offer to consider a couple of free programs for defragmentation hard disk.
The simplest I. convenient application To defragment the hard disk on home computer - This is Defraggler. A free version of the program that can be downloaded from the official site of developers is not widely functional, but with its main task it copes.
The application is officially localized into Russian, and it allows you to defragment not only the entire disk, but also a separate program or folder. The program also provides for the option with rapid disk defragmentation.
Auslogics Disk Defrag Free is free version An application from the company Auslogics. You can also download it from the official developer site. The application is slightly more functional than Defraggler, and it does not have a Russian language, which is why it is more difficult to work with it. At the same time, the program has a number of functions that are not available in the official hard disk optimization agent from Windows and in the Defraggler application.