The letter designation of the thermal relay. Legend in various electrical circuits. Hugo dimensions in electrical circuits

Content:

In order to correctly read and understand what the same scheme or the drawing associated with electricity means, you need to know how icons and symbols depicted on them are decrypted. A large amount of information contain letters of elements in electrical circuitsDefined by various regulatory documents. All of them are displayed by Latin characters in the form of one or two letters.

SingleBook symbolism elements

The letter codes corresponding to the individual types of elements that are most widely used in electrical circuits are combined into groups indicated by one character. Letter notation correspond to GOST 2.710-81. For example, the letter "A" refers to a group of "devices" consisting of lasers, amplifiers, telecommunication devices and others.

Similarly, a group denoted by the "B" symbol is decrypted. It consists of devices that convert non-electrical values \u200b\u200binto electrical, where generators and power supplies do not include. This group is complemented by analog or multi-digit converters, as well as sensors for instructions or measurements. The components included in the group are presented by microphones, loudspeakers, pickups, ionizing radiation detectors, thermoelectric sensitive elements, etc.

All letter notities corresponding to the most common elements are combined into a special table:

The first letter symbol, mandatory for reflection in marking	Group of basic types of elements and devices	Elements included in the group (the most characteristic examples)
	Devices	Lasers, Maseners, Teleproof devices, amplifiers.
	Equipment for converting non-electrical values \u200b\u200bto electrical (without generators and power supplies), analog and multipage transducers, sensors for instructions or measurements	Microphones, loudspeakers, pickups, ionizing radiation detectors, sensitive thermoelectric elements.
	Condencators
	Microsives, Integrated Schemes	Integrated circuits Digital and analog, memory devices and delay, logical elements.
	Different elements	Different kinds Lighting devices and heating elements.
	Designation of the fuse in the scheme, arresters, protective devices	Fuses, dischargers, discrete current and voltage protection elements.
	Sources of nutrition, generators, quartz oscillators	Rechargeable batteries, power supplies on an electrochemical M electrothermal basis.
	Devices for signals and indication	Indicators, light and sound signaling devices
	Contactors, relays, starters	Voltage and current relays, time relays, electrical relays, magnetic starters, contactors.
	Chokes, inductors inductors	Throtes in luminescent lighting.
	Engines	Motors of constant and alternating current.
	Measuring instruments and equipment	Counters, watching, registering and measuring instruments.
		Power circuit breakers, short-circuit, disconnectors.
	Resistors
Pulse counters
Frequency meters
Active energy counters
Counters of reactive energy

Registering devices
Time Meters Action, Clock
Voltmeters
Wattmera
	Switches and disconnectors in power circuits	Automatic switches
		Shortgarters
		Disconnectors
	Resistors	Temmorezistors
		Potentiometers
		Shunts measuring
		Varistors
	Switching devices in measurement, control and alarm circuits	Switches and switches
		Switches button
		Automatic switches
		Switches that work under the action of various factors: From level
		From pressure
		From position (travel)
		From the frequency of rotation
		From temperature
	Transformers, autotransformers	Current transformers
		Electromagnetic stabilizers
		Voltage transformers
	Communication devices, inelectric magnitude transducers in electrical	Modulators
		Demodulators
		Discrimibles
		Frequency generators, inverters, frequency converters
	Semiconductor and electrovacuum devices	Diodes, Stabilians
		Electrovacuum devices
		Transistors
		Thyristors
	Antennas, Lines and Elements of Microwave	Answer
		Shortgarters

		Transformers, phaserators
		Attenuators

	Contact compounds	Sliding contacts, current collectors


		Collapsible compounds
		High-frequency connectors
	Mechanical devices with electromagnetic drive	Electromagnets
		Electromagnetic Drives Brakes
		Couplings with electromagnetic drives
		Electromagnetic cartridges or plates
	Limiters, terminal devices, filters	Limiters
	Limiters, terminal devices, filters	Quartz filters

In addition, Special characters are defined in GUT 2.710-81 to designate each element.

Conditional graphic designations of electronic components in the schemes

Reading the drawings by electrics requires certain knowledge that can be learned from regulatory documents. A peculiar "language" of readings are conditional designations in electrical circuits – System of signs and symbols, mainly graphic and letter. In addition to them, sometimes nominal numbers are affixed.

Slimmed, understanding standard designations is simply necessary for any home master. These knowledge will help read the electricity, independently make a layout plan in an apartment or in a private house. We suggest to understand all the intricacies of writing project documentation.

The article describes the main types of electrical circuits, and also provides detailed decoding of basic images, characters, icons and alphanumeric markers used in drawing up drawings on a power supply device.

Consider the project information from the point of view of an amateur electrician who wants to change the wiring in the house with their own hands or make a drawing of the connection of the cottage to the electrocommunications.

First you need to understand what knowledge will be useful, and which will not be needed. First step – This is acquainted with the species.

A shield scheme using real images of switching, protective devices - electrical connections are shown with color wires. In essence, it has nothing to do with professional documentation, which accompanies the projects for the energy supply of the house

All information on the types of schemes is set out in the new edition of GOST 2.702-2011, which is called "ECCD. Rules for performing electrical schemes. "

It is a duplicate earlier document – GOST 2.701-2008, in which it says in detail about the classification of schemes. There are 10 species allocate, but in practice only one may need. – Electric.

In addition to the species classification, there is also a typical, which divides all drawing documents on structural, general, etc., only 8 points.

The home master will be interesting 3 types of schemes: functional, principled, assembly.

Type # 1 - Functional scheme

The functional scheme does not contain details, it indicates the main blocks and nodes. It gives a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe operation of the system. For the power supply device of the private house, it does not always make sense to draw up such drawings, as they are usually typical.

But when describing complex electronic device Or to equip the electrician, the workshop, studio or control point they can come in handy.

Sooner or later, engaging electrical or electric repair work has to deal with electrical circuits that contain multiple alphanumeric and conditionally graphic designations. About the latter and will go a conversation in this article. There are a large number of types of elements of electrical circuits having a variety of functions, therefore, there is no single document that determines the correctness of the graphic designation of all elements that can be found in the schemes. Below, the tables present some examples of conditional graphic images of electrical equipment and wiring, electrical chain elements in diagrams taken from various currently current documents. You can download the free entirely by GOST, by clicking on the links at the bottom of the page.

Free Download Gost.

GOST 21.614.Images Conditional graphics electrical equipment and wiring in the original

GOST 2.722-68 Conditional graphic designations in schemes. Electric machines

GOST 2.723-68 Conditional graphic designations in schemes. Inductors, reactors, chokes, transformers, autotransformers and magnetic amplifiers

GOST 2.729-68 Conditional graphic designations in schemes. Electrical measuring devices

GOST 2.755-87 Conditional graphic designations in schemes. Commutation and contact connections

Designations of alphanumeric in electrical circuits (GOST 2.710 - 81)

Subscribed element codes are shown in the table. Positional designations to elements (devices) are assigned within the product. The sequence numbers elements (devices) should be assigned, starting from the unit, within the group of elements having the same letter code in accordance with the sequence of the location of elements or devices on the diagram from top to bottom in the direction from left to right.

The positional designations are affixed in the diagram next to the conditional graphic designation of elements or devices on the right side or above them. The numbers and letters included in the positional designation are performed by one size.

One-party Code	Groups of types of elements	Examples of species of elements	Two-job Code
A.	Devices (general designation)	-	-
B.	Neelectric magnitude transducers in electric (except for generators and power supply) or vice versa	SelSIN - receiver	BE.
		SelSIN - Sensor	BC.
		Thermal sensor	Bk.
		Photocell	BL.
		Pressure meter	BP.
		Tacogenerator	Br.
		Speed \u200b\u200bsensor	Bv.
C.	Condencators	-	-
D.	Integrated schemes, Microsoft	Scheme integral, analog	DA
		Integrated circuit, digital, Logical element	DD.
		Delay device	Dt.
		Information storage device	Ds.
E.	Elements are different	Heating element	EK
E.	Elements are different	Light lighting	El.
F.	Dischargers, fuses, Protective devices	Discrete Protection Element Instant current	FA.
		Discrete Protection Element inertial action	FP.
		Discrete Protection Element Voltage	FV
		Fuse	Fu.
G.	Generators, power supplies	Battery	GB.
H.	Indicator and signal elements	Sound alarm device	HA
		Symbol indicator	Hg.
		Light alarm device	Hl
K.	Relay, contactors, starters	Relay index	Kh.
		Relay current	Ka.
		Electroceplovoe relay	KK.
		Contactor, magnetic starter	KM.
		Polarized relay	Kp.
		Time relay	Kt.
		Voltage relay	Kv.
L.	Inductance coils, chokes	Choke of luminescent lighting	LL
M.	Engines	-	-
P.	Devices, measuring equipment	Ammeter	PA
		Pulse meter	PC.
		Frequency meter	PF
		Counter of reactive energy	PK.
		Active energy meter	PI
		Ommeter	Pr.
		Registering device	PS.
		Time Meter, Clock	Pt.
		Voltmeter	PV
		Wattmeter	Pw.
Q.	Switches and disconnectors in power circuits	Automatic switch	QF.
Q.	Switches and disconnectors in power circuits	Disconnector	QS.
R.	Resistors	Termistor.	RK
		Potentiometer	RP.
		Shunt measuring	RS.
		Varistor	Ru
S.	Commuting devices in control circuits, alarms and measuring Note. The designation is used for non-contact power supply devices	Switch or switch	SA
		Switch button	SB.
		Automatic switch	Sf.
		Switches, triggered from various influences: -Other level	SL.
		- Pressure	Sp.
		- About the situation	SQ.
		- From the frequency of rotation	Sr.
		- Temperature	SK
T.	Transformers, autotransformers	Current transformer	TA.
		Voltage transformer	TV.
		Stabilizer	TS.
U.	Electric magnitude transducers in electric	Frequency converter Inverter, rectifier	Uz.
V.	Electrovacuum and semiconductor devices	Diode, Stabilirton	VD.
		Electrovacuum devices	Vl
		Transistor	Vt.
		Thyristor	Vs.
X.	Contact connections	Current	Xa.
		Pin	Xp.
		Nest	Xs.
		Dissellive compounds	Xt.
Y.	Mechanical devices with electromagnetic drive	Electromagnet	Ya.
		Brake with electromagnetic drive	YB.
		Electromagnetic plate	Yh.

CONDITIONAL GRAPHIC DESIGNATIONS IN SCHEMES. Electric machines (GOST 2.722-68)

1. There are three methods for constructing conditional graphic designations of electrical machines:

simplified single-core;
simplified multi-cable (form I);
deployed (Form II).

2. In simplified single-line designations of electrical machines, the stator and rotor winding machines are depicted in the form of circles. The conclusions of the stator and rotor windings show one line indicating the number of conclusions in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.751-73.

3. In simplified multi-zeal designations, the winding of the stator and the rotor are depicted similarly to simplified single-line designations, showing the conclusions of the stator and rotor windings (damn 1).

4. In the detailed designations of the stator winding, depict the form of chains of semi-resources, and rotor windings - in the form of a circle (and vice versa).

Mutual windings depict:

a) in alternating current and universal machines - taking into account (damn 2) or excluding (damn 3) phase shift;
b) in cars direct current - Taking into account (damn 4) or excluding (damn 5) directions of the magnetic field created by the winding.

5. In the examples of conditional graphic designations of AC and universal machines, the designations are given, as a rule, reflecting the phase shift in the winding, in the examples of DC machines, as a rule, without taking into account the direction of the magnetic field.

6. Conclusions of the stator and rotor windings in the designations of the machines of all types are allowed to be depicted on any side.

7. The designations of the elements of the electrical machines are shown in Table. one.

Legend in electrical circuits according to GOST 7624-55

In the Soviet Union in 1955, GOST 7624-55 was adopted on a number of designations in radio engineering schemes, canceled in 1964. Considering that the schemes with old symbols are still preserved, the main conditional designations from GOST 7624-55 are below. Legend wires, individual elements of machines and devices (GOST 7624-55)

Legend. Electrical Instruments (GOST 2.729-68)

The table shows some of the conditional graphic designations of electrical instruments.

To understand what is specifically painted on the scheme or drawing, you need to know the decoding of those icons that there is on it. This recognition is also called reading drawings. And to facilitate this occupation almost all elements have their own conditional badges. Almost, because the standards have long been updated and some elements draw each as it can. But, for the most part, the conditional designations in electrical circuits are in the regulatory documents.

Legend in electrical circuits: lamps, transformers, measuring instruments, main element base

Normative base

The varieties of electrical circuits are about a dozen, the number of different elements that can occur there is calculated with tens if not hundreds. To facilitate the recognition of these elements, unified symbols are introduced in electrical circuits. All rules are spelled out in GOST. These standards have a lot, but the basic information is in the following standards:

The study of guests is a useful business, but requiring time that does not have enough in sufficient quantities. Therefore, in the article, we present conventions in electrical circuits - the main elemental base for creating drawings and electrical wiring schemes, devices schematic circuits.

Some experts carefully looking at the scheme, they can say what it is and how it works. Some can even immediately issue possible problemswhich may occur during operation. Everything is simple - they are good knowing the circuitry and element base, as well as well oriented in the conventional designations of the patterns of schemes. Such a skill is studied for years, and, for "kettles", it is important to remember to begin with the most common.

Electric shields, cabinets, boxes

In the power supply schemes of the house or apartment, the designation or cabinet will be present. In the apartments, the terminal device is mainly installed there, since the wiring does not go further. In the houses can designate the installation of a splitting electric cabinet - if the route will go from it to lighting other buildings that are at some distance from the house - bathhouse, a guest house. These other designations are in the following picture.

If we talk about the images of the "filling" of electrical shields, it is also standardized. There are conditional designations of the UDO, circuit breakers, buttons, current and voltage transformers and some other elements. They are given in the following table (in the table two pages, leaf by clicking on the word "Next")

room	Name	Image on the scheme
1	Circuit breaker (automatic)
2	Switch (load switch)
3	Heat relay (overheating protection)
4	UZO (protective shutdown device)
5	Differential automatic machine (DIFAVTOMAT)
6	Fuse
7	Switch (switch) with fuse
8	Automatic switch with built-in thermal relay (to protect the engine)
9	Current transformer
10	Voltage transformer
11	Electricity meter
12	Frequency converter
13	Button with automatic blank contacts after pressing
14	Button with opening of contacts when repeated pressed
15	Button with a special switch for shutdown (stop, for example)

Elemental base for electrical wiring schemes

When drawing up or reading the scheme, there are also designations of wires, terminals, grounding, zero, etc. This is what simply needs a beginner electrician or to understand what is shown in the drawing and in which sequence its elements are connected.

room	Name	Designation of electrical elements in diagrams
1	Phase conductor
2	Neutral (zero working) n
3	Protective conductor ("Earth") PE
4	United protective and zero conductors Pen
5	Electrical communication line, tires
6	Tire (if it is necessary to allocate)
7	Tires from tires (made using soldering)

An example of using the above graphic images is available in the following scheme. Thanks to alphabetic designations, everything and without graphics are clear, but there was no duplication of information in the schemes.

Image of sockets

On the electrical wiring scheme, the locations of the sockets and switches must be marked. Types of sockets are a lot - by 220 V, 380 V, hidden and open type of installation, with a different number of "landing" places, moisture-proof, etc. To give the designation of each - too long and nothing. It is important to remember how the main groups are depicted, and the number of contact groups is determined by strokes.

Designation of sockets in drawings

The sockets for a single-phase network 220 V are denoted in the form of a semicircle with one or more protruding stretches. The number of segments is the number of outlets on one case (in the photo below the illustration). If only one plug can be turned on into the outlet - up one cut, if two are two, etc.

If you look at the images carefully, note that the conditional image that is on the right does not have a horizontal feature that separates the two parts of the icon. This feature indicates that the outlet of the hidden installation, that is, it is necessary to make a hole in the wall in the wall, set the conversion, etc. Option on the right - for open installation. A transitional substrate is mounted on the wall, the socket itself is.

Also note that the lower part of the left schematic image is crossed vertical line. So indicate the presence of a protective contact to which ground is supplied. Installation of sockets with grounding is required when the complex is turned on household appliances such as washing or, oven, etc.

You will not confuse the conventional designation of the three-phase socket (380 V). The number of segments sticking upwards is equal to the number of conductors, which are connected to this device - three phases, zero and ground. TOTAL five.

It happens that the bottom of the image is painted with black (dark). This denotes that the outlet is moisture-proof. Such put on the street, indoors with high humidity (baths, pools, etc.).

Display switches

The schematic designation of the switches looks like a small size of a circle with one or more g-or t-shaped branches. Taps in the form of the letter "g" denote the open-ended switch, with the form of the letter "T" - hidden editing. The number of taps displays the number of keys on this device.

In addition to the usual, it can be - to enable / disable one light source from several points. Two letters "g" are painted from the opposite sides of the same circumference. So denotes a classic passage switch.

Unlike conventional switches, another plank, parallel to the top, is added to these when using two-vector models.

Lamps and lamps

The lamps have their own designations. And the lamps are distinguished daylight (luminescent) and incandescent lamps. The diagrams displays even the shape and dimensions of the lamps. In this case, you just need to remember how it looks like on the diagram from the types of lamps.

Radio elements

If you read the schematic diagrams of devices, it is necessary to know the symbols of diodes, resistors, and other similar items.

Conditional knowledge graphic elements It will help you to read practically any scheme - some device or wiring. The denominations of the required parts are sometimes affixed next to the image, but in large multi-element schemes, they are prescribed in a separate table. It has alphabetic designations of the elements of the scheme and the nominal.

Letter notation

In addition, the elements in the schemes have conditional graphic names, they have alphabetic designations, and also standardized (GOST 7624-55).

	Name of the electrical circuit element	Letter notation
1	Switch, Controller, Switch	IN
2	Electric generator	G.
3	Diode	D.
4	Rectifier	VP
5	Sound alarm (call, siren)	ZV
6	Button	KN
7	Incandescent lamp	L.
8	Electrical engine	M.
9	Fuse	Etc
10	Contactor, magnetic starter	TO
11	Relay	R
12	Transformer (autotransformer)	Tr.
13	Plug connector	Sh
14	Electromagnet	Em
15	Resistor	R.
16	Capacitor	FROM
17	Inductor	L.
18	Control button	Ku
19	Terminal switch	Kv.
20	Throttle	Dr.
21	Telephone	T.
22	Microphone	MK
23	Speaker	G.
24	Battery (galvanic element)	B.
25	Main engine	DG
26	Engine pump cooling	Before

Please note that in most cases Russian letters are used, but the resistor, the capacitor and the inductance coil are denoted by Latin letters.

There is one subtlety in the designation of the relay. They are of different types, respectively, marked:

current relay - RT;
power - PM;
voltage - pH;
time - RV;
resistance - PC;
index - ru;
intermediate - RP;
gas - RG;
with the time of time - RTV.

Basically, it is only the most conditional designations in electrical circuits. But most of the drawings and plans you can now understand. If you need to know the images of raree elements, learn GOST.

Reading electrical schemes required skill to represent electrical networks, nodes, as well as various equipment. No specialist will start installing equipment, before familiarization with the regulatory accompanying documents.

The fundamental electrical circuits allow the developer to convey a full report on the product in a compressed form to the user using conditionally graphic designations (HTO). To avoid confusion and marriage when assembling according to drawings, alphanumeric designations are listed in unified system Design documentation (ECCD). All concepts are developed, and are used in full compliance with GOSTs (21.614, 2.722-68, 2.763-68, 2.729-68, 2.755-87). Guests describe elements, the values \u200b\u200bare described.

Reading drawings

The concept of electrical diagram shows all elements, parts and networks included in the drawing, electrical and mechanical connections. Reveals the full functionality of the system. All elements of any electrical circuit correspond to the notation positioned in Guest.

A list of documents in which all the elements are prescribed, their parameters are attached to the drawing. Components are indicated in alphabetical order, taking into account digital sorting. The list of documents (specification) is indicated on the drawing itself, or is submitted by separate sheets.

Procedure for studying drawings

First define the type of drawing. According to GOST 2.702-75, each graphical document corresponds to an individual code. All electrical drawings have an alphabetic designation "E" and the corresponding digital value from 0 to 7. The electrical concept corresponds to the "E3" code.

Reading concept:

Visually familiarize yourself with the drawing presented, pay attention to the specified notes and technical requirements.
Find on a schematic image all the components specified in the list of the document;
Determine the power supply of the system and the generation of the current (single-phase, three-phase);
Find the main nodes, and determine their power supply;
Familiarize yourself with elements and protection devices;
Examine the management method marked on the document, its tasks and the algorithm of actions. Understand the sequence of device actions when startup, stop, short circuit;
Analyze the work of each section of the chain, to determine the main components, auxiliary elements, study the technical documentation of the listed parts;
Based on the studied data of the document, to conclude the processes occurring in each chain link presented in the drawing.

Knowing the sequence of actions, alphanumeric designations, you can read any electrical scheme.

Graphic designations

The concept has two varieties - one-centered and complete. On one-centers, only the power wire with all the elements, if the main network does not differ in individual add-ons from standardly accepted. Two or three oblique devices applied to the wire line, indicate a single-phase or three-phase network, respectively. On the complete draws the entire network and put together generally accepted conventions in electrical circuits.

Single-cell electric schematic scheme, single-phase network

Types and value of lines

Thin and thick solid lines - in drawings depicts lines of electrical, group communication, lines on hug elements.
Strike line - indicates shielding of wires or devices; denotes a mechanical connection (motor gearbox).
The thin barccotted line is intended for allocating groups from several components that make up the parts of the device or the control system.
Barchpunctive with two dots - the disconnecting line. Shows the scan of important elements. Indicates the object removed from the device associated with the mechanical or electrical connection system.

Network connecting lines are fully shown, but according to standards, they are allowed to turn them if they are a hindrance for a normal understanding of the scheme. The opening is denoted by the arrows, next to the main parameters and characteristics of the electrical circuits.

The bold point on the lines indicates a connection, spike of wires.

Electromechanical components

Schematic representation of electromechanical links and contacts

A - Hugo coil of an electromechanical element (magnetic starter, relay)

B - thermal relay

C - device coil with mechanical blocking

D - Contacts Shumby (1), Blinding (2), Switching (3)

E - Button

F - the designation of the switch (chipboard) on the electrical circuit of the hug of some measuring instruments. Full list These elements are given in Guest 2.729 68 and 2.730 73.

Electric chain elements, devices

Room in Figure	Description	Room in Figure	Description
1	Electricity meter meter	8	Electrolytic condenser
2	Ammeter	9	Diode
3	Voltmeter	10	Light-emitting diode
4	temperature sensor	11	Diode optopara
5	Resistor	12	Image of the transistor NPN.
6	Reostat (variable resistor)	13	Fuse
7	Capacitor

Hugo time relay, buttons, switches, limit switches are often used when developing an electric drive circuit.

Schematic image of a fuse. When reading the electrical circuit, you should carefully consider all lines and drawing parameters to not configure the destination of the item. For example, a fuse and resistor have minor differences. In the diagrams, the power line is depicted passing through the fuse, the resistor is drawn without internal elements.

Image of the circuit breaker on the full scheme

Contact switching device. Serves automatic protection electrical network From accidents, short circuit. Case mechanically or electric ways.

Circuit breaker on a single-line scheme

The transformer is a steel core with two windings. It happens one and three-phase, increasing and lowering. It is also divided into dry and oil, depending on the cooling method. Power varies from 0.1 MVA to 630 MVA (in Russia).

Hugo transformers

The designation of current transformers on complete (A) and one-centered (c) scheme

Graphic designation of electrical machines (EM)

Electrical motors depends on the type, are capable not only to consume energy. When developing industrial systems, motors are used, which, in the absence of a load, generate energy to the network, thereby reducing costs.

A - three-phase electric motors:

1 - asynchronous with a short-circuited rotor

2 - asynchronous with a short-circuited rotor, two-speed

3 - asynchronous with a phase rotor

4 - synchronous electric motors; Generators.

B - manifold DC electric motors:

1 - with the excitation of the winding from a permanent magnet

2 - Electric machine with coil of excitation

In bundles with electric motors, the diagrams show magnetic starters, soft starters, frequency converter. These devices serve to start electrical motors, uninterrupted system operation. The last two elements will save the network from the "drawdown" of the voltage in the network.

Hugo magnetic starter in the diagram

Switches perform the function of switching equipment. Disconnect and include certain sections of the network, as needed.

Graphic designations in electrical circuits of mechanical switches

Conditional graphic designations of sockets and switches in electrical circuits. Includes in the developed electricity drawings of houses, apartments, industries.

Call on the electrical circuit according to hug standards with designated size

Hugo dimensions in electrical circuits

In the diagrams, the parameters of the elements included in the drawing are applied. Full information about the element, container, if it is a condenser, rated voltage, resistance for the resistor. It is done for convenience, in order to not allow an error when installing, do not waste time calculate and select the components of the device.

Sometimes the nominal data does not indicate, in this case the parameters of the element do not matter, you can select and install the link with the minimum value.

The accepted sizes of hugo are spelled out in the Gostas of the ECC standard.

Sizes in ESKD

The dimensions of graphic and letter images in the drawing, the thickness of the lines should not be different, but it is permissible to change them proportionally in the drawing. If in the conventions on various electrical schemes of GOST, there are elements that do not have information about sizes, then these components are performed in size corresponding to the standard depiction of the horn of the entire circuit.

Hugo elements included in the main product (device) is allowed to draw a smaller size in comparison with other elements.

Along with the UGO to more accurately determine the name and purpose of the elements, the scheme causes an alpusal designation. This designation is used for references to text documents And for applying to the object. Using the letter notation, the name of the element is determined if it is not clear from the drawing, technical specifications, quantity.

Additionally, an alphabetic designation indicates one or more digits, they usually explain the parameters. An additional letter code indicating the nominal model, the additional data is written in the associated documents, or is submitted to the table in the drawing.

To learn how to read the electrical schemes do not necessarily know all the letter notation, graphic images various elements, it is enough to navigate in the relevant GOSTS ECCD. The standard includes 64 GOST documents that reveal the main provisions, rules, requirements and designations.

The main designations applied in the schemes according to the ESCD standard are shown in Table 1 and 2.

Table 1

First Code Letter (Mandatory)	Group of types of elements	Examples of species of elements
A.	Devices	Amplifiers, Teleproof Devices, Lasers, Masements
B.		Loudspeakers, microphones, thermoelectric sensitive elements, ionizing radiation detectors, pickups, eliminals
C.	Condencators
D.		Schemes integral analog digital, logical elements, memory devices, delay devices
E.	Elements are different	Lighting devices, heating appliances
F.		Discrete flow and voltage protection elements, fuses, dischargers
G.	Generators, Power Supply, Quartz Oscillators	Batteries, batteries, electrochemical and electrothermal sources
H.	Indication and signaling devices	Sound and light alarm devices, indicators
K.	Relay, contactors, starters	Relay current and voltage, relays Electrothermal, time relay, contactors, magnetic starters
L.		Throtes of luminescent lighting
M.	Engines	Permanent and AC engines
P.		Showing, registering and measuring instruments, counters, clocks
Q.		Disconnectors, Shortgarters, Automatic Switches (Power)
R.	Resistors	Variable resistors, potentiometers, varistors, thermistors
S.	Commuting devices in control circuits, alarms and measuring	Switches, switches, switches, triggered from various influences
T.		Current and voltage transformers, stabilizers
U.	Electric magnitude converters in electrical, communication devices	Modulators, demodulators, discriminators, inverters, frequency converters, rectifiers
V.		Electronic lamps, diodes, transistors, thyristors, stabilions
W.	Lines and elements of ultrahigh frequency, antenna	Waveguides, dipoles, antennas
X.	Contact connections	Pins, nests, collapsible connections, current collectors
Y.		Electromagnetic coupling, brakes, cartridges
Z.	Terminal devices, filters, limiters	Simulation lines, quartz filters

The main two-letter notation are shown in Table 2

First Code Letter (Mandatory)	Group of types of elements	Examples of species of elements	Two-letter code
A.	Device (general designation)
B.	Neelectric magnitude transducers to electrical (except generators and power sources) or vice versa Analog or multi-digit converters or sensors for instructions or measurement	Speaker	BA.
		Magnetostriction element	BB.
		Detector of ionizing elements	BD.
		SelSIN - receiver	BE.
		Phone (Capsul)	Bf.
		SelSIN - Sensor	BC.
		Thermal sensor	Bk.
		Photocell	BL.
		Microphone	BM.
		Pressure meter	BP.
		Piezoelement	BQ.
		Rotation Frequency Sensor (TAH Hegenerator)	Br.
		Pickup	BS.
		Speed \u200b\u200bsensor	Bv.
C.	Condencators
D.	Integrated, Microsoft Schemes	Scheme integral analogue	DA
		Scheme integral, digital, logical element	DD.
		Information storage device	Ds.
		Delay device	Dt.
E.	Elements are different	Heating element	EK
		Light lighting	El.
		Piopatron	Et.
F.	Dischargers, Fuses, Protective Devices	DISCREME ELEMENT OF PROTECTION Current Instant	FA.
		Discrete inertial action protection element	FP.
		Fuse fusible	Fu.
		Discrete voltage protection element, discharger	FV
G.	Generators, power supplies	Battery	GB.
H.	Indicator and signal elements	Sound alarm device	HA
		Symbol indicator	Hg.
		Light alarm device	Hl
K.	Relays, contactors, Starters	Relay current	Ka.
		Relay index	Kh.
		Electroceplovoe relay	KK.
		Contactor, magnetic starter	KM.
		Time relay	Kt.
		Voltage relay	Kv.
L.	Inductance coils, chokes	Throttle of luminescent lighting	LL
M.	Engines	-	-
P.	Devices, measuring equipment	Ammeter	PA
		Pulse meter	PC.
		Frequency meter	PF
	Note. The combination of PE is not allowed to apply	Active energy meter	PI
		Counter of reactive energy	PK.
		Ommeter	Pr.
		Registering device	PS.
		Clock, time meter	Pt.
		Voltmeter	PV
		Wattmeter	Pw.
Q.	Switches and disconnectors in power circuits	Automatic switch	QF.
		Shortgarter	QK.
		Disconnector	QS.
R.	Resistors	Thermistor.	RK
		Potentiometer	RP.
		Shunt measuring	RS.
		Varistor	Ru
S.	Switching devices in control circuits, alarms and measuring. Note. The designation SF is used for non-power supply devices	Switch or switch	SA
		Switch button	SB.
		Automatic switch	Sf.
		Switches, triggered from various influences: - from level	SL.
		- from pressure	Sp.
		- From position (travel)	SQ.
		- from the speed of rotation	Sr.
		- From temperature	SK
T.	Transformers, autotransformers	Current transformer	TA.
		Electromagnetic stabilizer	TS.
		Voltage transformer	TV.
U.	Communication devices. Electric magnitude transducers in electric	Modulator	UB.
		Demodulator	Ur.
		Discriminator	UI
		Frequency converter, inverter, frequency generator, rectifier	Uz.
V.	Electrovacuum devices, semiconductor	Diode, Stabilirton	VD.
		Electrovale device	Vl
		Transistor	Vt.
		Thyristor	Vs.
W.	Lines and elements of microwave antenna	Answer	We.
		Shortgarter	WK.
		Valve	WS.
		Transformer, heterogeneity, phasemator	Wt.
		Attenuator	Wu.
		Antenna	WA.
X.	Contact connections	Current, contact sliding	Xa.
		Pin	Xp.
		Nest	Xs.
		Foreign connection	Xt.
		High frequency connector	Xw.
Y.	Mechanical devices with electromagnetic drive	Electromagnet	Ya.
		Electromagnetic drive brake	YB.
		Coupling with electromagnetic drive	YC.
		Electromagnetic cartridge or stove	Yh.
Z.	Devices terminal filters. Limiters	Limiter	Zl
Z.	Devices terminal filters. Limiters	Quartz filter	Zq.