What to configure in bios. Several tips for properly configuring BIOS. BIOS updates - Is it worth doing this

Any more or less advanced computer user. Must know what BIOS is, for which it is needed and how to configure it correctly. In fact, BIOS is a very interesting thing, with the help of it, you can set up almost all components of the system unit. Well, now let's go about everything in order.

What is BIOS and what is it needed for?

BIOS is a collection of firmware that allow you to configure individual components of the system unit, as well as the loader operating system And other setting of important parameters. Literally BIOS can be called the basic I / O system.

Many newcomers are asked about where BIOS is located? BIOS is in the motherboard and this is not good, since it is the motherboard that is responsible for the interaction and work of all components of the computer.

In the photo above you can see what the BIOS looks like. Many will agree with us that the type of BIOS is somewhat old, and to be completely honest - "wooden". However, latest models Asus maternal plates have a fairly beautiful and modern design, moreover it is Russified. In this article, the BIOS setting we will produce on the example of the old species, as it is more difficult, and the main thing is that you understand the essence of the BIOS. If you understand the essence, how to work in a BIOS with an old design, then you will not be difficult to understand the new.

BIOS functions

As mentioned earlier, the main feature of the BIOS is to hardware configuration of the computer. With BIOS you can:

Set system time;

Set the priority of loading;

Set the power parameters of some devices;

Enable or disable some devices, etc.

The most basic functions of the BIOS we will look more in detail below, but first we will tell about the work of the BIOS itself.

Work with bios.

How to get to the BIOS
In order to get into the BIOS - you need to restart or start a computer to climb the "Delete" or "F1" key on the keyboard, depending on motherboard, after which you get into the BIOS.

You can control the BIOS using 5 buttons:

Arrogors - help shuffled through the sections and select the desired parameters in the settings;

ENTER - opens the selected section or setting;

ESC - exit.

In addition, you can install the BIOS factory settings by clicking on the "F9" key, while by pressing the "F10" key - you save the settings made and exit from the menu.

As for the BIOS management in the new design of maternal platas ASUS, it is carried out using a mouse. In principle, in the management of both old and new BIOS - there is nothing complicated.

How to reset BIOS?
Sometimes advanced users will reset the BIOS settings. This is done in order to return the BIOS settings to the factory, if the changes made them led to problems in the work of the entire computer or individual devices. Find in the motherboard the contacts that are signed as: CCMOS, Clear CMOS or Clear RTC. Each manufacturer, and maybe even in each different model of the motherboard can be their BIOS reset. It is important to note that any work on resetting BIOS settings must be carried out when the computer is turned off, as well as when the power is turned off system block and other devices connected to it.

The first option to reset the BIOS is using jumpers. If you have found a jumper, it will slow down the first and second contacts. To reset the BIOS, pull out the jumper and block it the second and third contacts, seconds to 15, then transfer the jumper to the original position.

The second option is the closure of contacts. There are models of motherboards in which to reset the BIOS need a metal object to close 2 contacts. Such a subject can be a small tweak. That is, when the computer is turned off, closer both contacts for 15 seconds, after which you remove the closure object and start the computer, the BIOS settings will be reset.

Third option - with a battery. To do this, you need to find a battery that feeds the motherboard. Again, with a fully disconnected power, you will find the latch of the battery and remove it for 15 minutes. Then insert the battery into place and run the computer.

Fourth option - click on the BIOS Reset Relief button. In some Motherboard models, the BIOS settings reset occurs very simply, to do this, you need to click on the corresponding button on the motherboard.

After you reset the BIOS - we recommend checking the time settings and load priority.

Flashing BIOS.
BIOS firmware. Oddly enough, BIOS has its own firmware that can be updated. The firmware update will eliminate some problems with the work of the BIOS, as well as with its settings. No particular need to update the firmware, but if you have problems in bIOS work or you own sufficient knowledge to produce this procedure - You can update the BIOS firmware. On how to update the BIOS read in manuals in which this process Described specifically for your motherboard.

Download last version bIOS firmware For your motherboard, you can from the official website of its manufacturer. As a rule, the BIOS flashing is performed through special utilitywhich is on the drive with drivers and settings. Such a disc is complete with the motherboard.

What is BIOS in the computer

So, the abbreviation itself goes from English B.aSIC I.nPUT- O.uTPut. S.ySTEM, which is literally translated as the basic I / O system. The base is called because it is a system of interaction with computer equipment or in other words hardware software. For example, the primary interaction with the screen, interaction with the RAM, interaction with the processor, interaction with the controllers on the motherboard, controlling the cooling system, power control and power.

Most often BIOS is used to configure the boot priority, especially when required reinstalling Windows And you need to boot not from a hard disk, but from another device, for example, a flash drive or a drive due to the fact that by default, in most cases it is worth a priority, the first load from the hard disk.

Other few known and rarely used, especially beginners, functions are setting computer components (tire frequency, processor frequency, speed of rotation of cooling fans, etc.). Also BIOS until the download start checks the equipment for performance and in case of malfunctions, it reports on this on the screen, as well as in the form of a signal sequence. Using these signals, you can reveal the cause of the fault and the problem component.

Where on the computer and laptop are bios

As regards to where the BIOS is located on a computer, you should look for a similar chip (the picture below) on the computer's motherboard. Everything, probably, came across a battery on the motherboard, it is it used so that the clock would not be shot down in the BIOS and settings were stored.

If you suddenly configured wrong something in the BIOS and then you cannot go into it. Try resetting the settings stretching for some time the battery in the form of a tablet from the motherboard.

This is how Bios looks like on a computer:

And so on the laptop:

Bios varieties

To be accurate, then Bios varieties are much more, but for clarity to averaging them up to 4 types of systems. Since they have a big similarity, regardless of the manufacturer of motherboards.

Since various BIOS is used on different motherboards, it is impossible to name the specific key for the entry, it is only possible to name the most frequently used keys: Del, F2, ESC, and also during inclusion, see the prompts there will be written something similar to "Press to setup "or something similar to the key to click. If you did not have time to do it, you will have to overload and try again.

Despite the version of BIOS, navigation in all kinds is possible with the arrow, and the mouse is also available in new versions. The confirmation is carried out using the ENTER key, and the output by pressing the ESC key, after which the window is usually about saving changed settings. Also do not forget about the tips.

BIOS features

Before you enumerate all the features that BIOS gives. It should be denoted the most popular. First of all, as already mentioned above, the BIOS is used to change the priority of loading devices in which, after, the BIOS will be executed. So that you understand what priority this is speechYou need to understand that by default, most of the priority load comes from the hard disk - this means that after the BIOS control to pass on the hard disk. If, in priority there is a drive or USB-storage, then after the BIOS, the device that was specified in the BIOS settings or in turn from more priority to less priority.

In addition to this popular opportunity, you can still:

Disable or connect the required ports;
Set the time;
Set up, more detailed, device characteristics (power, frequency, etc.);
Change device mode;
Change the speed of rotation of the cooling;
Tighten the basic parameters such as temperature, rotation speed, etc.

Differences BIOS Computer from BIOS Laptop

The main difference BIOS Computer From the same system in the laptop there will be additional parameters of energy saving and power consumption, since it is very important for a portable battery device. Consequently, there will be more parameters in laptops to save energy automatic shutdown etc.

BIOS is a reduction in the "basic input system". It is much more than the name implies. You might think that the BIOS controls the input and output system. But the BIOS does much more. Today, we learn what BIOS is in the computer.

Bios has already been in our computers since the time DOS is a disk operating system ... Even before the structured DOS, created by Microsoft. This is one of the most important components of the computer, it is regularly appearing on your screen. This message also looks like on the basic component of the computer and explains why it is required in computers for its operation.

What is bios in computer

Bios is firmware, in short. It is stored on the chip on the part system board Computer and mainly is a set of instructions that are executed to help load the operating system.

When you turn on the computer, initiated instructions bios.. These instructions make a check random access memory and processor (for faults) on your computer.

It checks the RAM by checking each compartment, on performance.

After checking the RAM and the processor, it checks the presence of other devices connected to the computer.

It recognizes all peripheral devices, including the keyboard and mouse, and then checks the boot parameters.

Download options are checked in a sequence configured on your BIOS: Loading from CD-ROM, loaded from hard disk, download from local network etc.

It transmits the brazers of the computer's board in the operating system by loading the main components of the operating system in RAM (RAM) is reserved for the operating system, after the initial load.

This is not an exhaustive list of functions in the BIOS. It also checks CMOS and other chips to configure the date and time on the computer, as well as to download drivers of devices in memory. It checks and loads input and output interrupts (signals) to RAM, so the operating system knows what is happening. For example, if the user presses the request key, interrupts is created and transmitted to the BIOS, which sends it to the operating system. The operating system decides which actions to take, in accordance with the programmed instructions.

Why the operating system can not work without BIOS. BIOS downloads drivers hard disks and removable disks, so they are functional. Then it loads the main parts of the operating system, such as MBR, GPT disk, etc., in memory, so the operating system can continue to load himself.

How to go to the computer's BIOS.

Because of the wide variety of computer and BIOS manufacturers over the evolution of computers, there are many ways to enter the BIOS Setup or CMOS. Below is a list of most of these methods, as well as other recommendations for logging in BIOS settings.

Note: Apple, or Mac, computers do not have the BIOS and instead to use in EFI, which does not need to be modified on the basis of hardware in a computer like BIOS. EFI provides better integration between hardware and software for computers.

Computers produced over the past few years allow you to enter the BIOS setup program using one of the five buttons shown below in download process.

F1,F2,F10,DEL,ESC.

How to update bios

In order to make computer work with these devices, the BIOS must be updated. If your operating system cannot detect a new peripheral devicemaybe because Bios does not know how to cope with it. If you have such problems, I advise you to check the availability of BIOS updates.

You must check the BIOS version first. This can be done by entering the BIOS during loading by pressing DEL. If you have a BIOS version of your computer, you will visit the manufacturer's website of your computer to see if there is an updated BIOS version. If there is, then download it and run it. The process, as a rule, washing all the previous information on the BIOS chip and rewrite it with new information.

Make sure you have backup power during the BIOS update. Because if the computer turns off during the process, the BIOS may be damaged and you will need a technician to fix it.

Important: If your computer is properly running, you do not need to update or flash BIOS. In any case, we recommend that you do not attempt to update the BIOS settings yourself.

Many consider the BIOS of a separate chip on the motherboard. In fact, the basic I / O system is set of firmwarerecorded on a permanent storage device (ROM). It is often called "BIOS".

At the moment the computer is turned on, the program contained in the ROM provides the ability to work and primary setting All computer components. They are specify Parameters and transmit to controllers the corresponding commands to control the components. Some parts of computers have their own BIOS, and communication with them is provided through a similar system on the motherboard. Therefore, the interaction of S. hard disk, Flash drive or SDD is possible even before running the operating system (OS).

Briefly summing up, the basic system performs the following functions:

Evaluation of performance equipment at the time of power on;
Setting the basic parameters of the equipment by the user;
Primary drivers for devices are also included in the BIOS system, the OS uses them to fully load.

During preloading, information about the status of the computer can be estimated by software. Errors Downloads are indicated by different signals.

Basic I / O System Settings

To access the BIOS setup menu, you must hold the appropriate key when the computer is loaded. It depends on the manufacturer of the computer, but most often Del, F2, F8 or F10. At the same time, the further loading of the OS is stopped, and the user sees in front of him Basic interface To configure or receive information.

To enter the interface on the products of ASUS used F2 key, which is clamped before pressing the power button. When working with Windows 10, it is possible to call the base system interface before rebooting the OS. SHIFT + item "" in the off menu. IN service menu OS need to select the "Return to Factory Settings and Additional" item, then additional features and "Starting the interface UEFI After rebooting. "

Navigation in the BIOS setup mode is carried out using keys arrows, Choosing Point ENTER, and changing the value of +/-. When you press F1 Help appears F9. Returns initial settings, but F10 Causes output from the interface while saving settings. To exit without saving the settings, you must press ESC.

Main menu (main)

This screen appears after logging in to the BIOS settings and contains basic information about the computer and the basic system. To change on it, only systemic time and date (System Time. and SYSTEM DATE.) These items are highlighted in blue. They are given in the following format: day of the week<month><number><year\u003e and system time<clock><minutes><seconds\u003e. In the information about the "hardware" available data manufacturer of processor, his name and clock frequency in ghz (item Processor Information). Also indicated the size of the installed RAM in MB.

In addition, for the convenience of the user, on the right side of the screen in two windows is indicated in the upper, brief information About the item on which the cursor is installed, and in the lower - memo on the control keys.

Sequentially, the main screen shows the following information about manufacturers and versions:

BIOS manufacturer. Paragraph Bios Vendor.
Version of the basic system, or Version..
Gop Version.. Primary graphics controller version (GOP). It helps to identify the discrete video card and provides basic firmware to work with it from the motherboard.
Primary controller version ( EC VERSion.). It performs the simplest actions when running a personal computer;
Serial operating system number or Serial Number. It is necessary to use the licensed version on this computer;
User access level interface ( Access Level.). Without changing security parameters, the administrator is usually indicated here.

The information specified here does not have any benefit for most users. But during the upgrade of the computer without replacing the motherboard, it becomes necessary. On it you can learn about compatibility Equipment with new components. If the new video card refuses to work, it is possible to update the BIOS to a version that supports the new Iron.

When resetting the settings, the system time is reset, while on this screen it is necessary to set the current date and time.

Advanced Settings (Advanced)

Menu section that allows you to perform a fine tuning of the base system. It includes a fairly large number of sub-clauses that range from version to version:

Easy Flash.. Start update with Flash drive. Useful subparagraph running the BIOS update procedure directly to the file on the HDD computer
To turn on / off the sensor on the touchpad, a string is provided Internal Pointing Device.. If you set the DISABLE value, working with a laptop without a separate mouse will be impossible.
For the activation of the laptop when lifting the cover corresponds to the string Wake On Lid Open. When it is turned off, you will have to constantly press the power key.
To save the battery charge in the off state Power Off Energy Saving must be included. He is responsible for the supply of electricity on uSB ports In the off state, it can lead to charge depletion.
Intel Virtualization Technology. Not quite ordinary subparagraph, it is associated with the possibility of processing graphic information processor when creating a virtual machine in the operating system. For ordinary users, shutdown or inclusion of this feature will not change anything
Data protection when working with a processor is possible when enabled Intel Aes-Ni. This is a set of instructions for encryption that helps the processor protect data when stored or when transmitted on the network.
VT-D. or Virtualization Technology for Directed I / O This item is responsible for using hardware virtualization technology for I / O devices. Now this function is supported by all modern processors, it allows you to process calculations and information from the I / O devices of virtual machines using a "iron" of a real computer on which emulation occurs.
SATA Configuration.. This subparagraph contains information about the connected SATA devices, such as hard disk and drive optical disks. In case of failures with this equipment, you can get the necessary information here.
Graphics Configuration. Contains the setting of internal graphic processor Intel. Here you can change the amount of RAM, which is allocated for the needs of the calculation of graphic information. It is responsible for it DVMT PRE-ALLOCATEDIt can take values \u200b\u200bfrom 64 MB to 512 MB.
Technology Anti-Theft from Intel Allows you to protect your laptop from theft at the hardware level and make inaccessible data on the hard disk in case of their particular importance. To do this, 3G module must be in the computer. The inclusion of this function is in the Intel (R) submenu Anti-Theft Technology Configuration.
For the configuration of USB ports and their work corresponds to the submenu ( USB Configuration.). When using the keyboard connected to this port, it is necessary to be attentive to the item. USB Legacy Support. When it is turned off, the keyboard will not work until the OS boot, which means the user will not be able to control the boot disks and flash drives or get into the BIOS interface. Change point Xhci. will terminate support uSB devices 0 or USB 3.0. The AUTO value allows the basic system to work with both versions of the interface.
Network Stack Allows you to download the OS using virtual disk On the local network, even if the computer does not have its own HDD.

Download menu (BOOT)

In it, the user installs order Download information from external storage devices. Here you can also select the priority boot of the operating system if there are two or more systems in the computer. Until a recently, this paragraph was only permission to download from a disk or flash drive and the priority loading submenu of systems. The last two points were responsible for adding to the boot scheme. additional devices and removing unnecessary.
With a gradual transition after Windows 8 and 10 output, an additional item appears on the UEFI. Secure Bootwhich does not allow you to download software from unknown sources. It can greatly complicate the launch of the OS with boot flash drive or boot diskEven if they are fully operational. Therefore, when reinstalling the system, it is worth disabled this item.

Fast loading system helps function Fast Bootwhich is usually always enabled. For activation of the compatibility mode, subparagraph is responsible Launch CSM.It is necessary for those users who want to reinstall the OS, perhaps even the previous version.

SECURITY (Security)

Security allows you to set passwords of various levels when loading the base system, after it is booting and when accessing the HDD disk.

The first subparagraph is responsible for installing Password on the input In the BIOS settings interface, it is possible to divide the applicants on administrators and users. The administrator has rights to change all system settings, while the user is very limited in rights.

Rows answer for the installation of passwords Set Administrator Password. and Set User Password.. After their installation, the corresponding items change Status.. For password to HDD, the principle is similar: lines Set Master Password. and Set User Password. Install passwords, Status string reports on their availability.

Output menu from the interface (Save & EXIT)

When you finish working with the interface for setting up the basic system or obtaining all the necessary information, the user goes into this subparagraph.

Output without saving settings ( Discard Changes and Exit);
Return to the initial or factory settings ( Restore Defaults.);
Output with the preservation of all changes ( Save Changes and Exit);
Saving changes made in the last session ( Save Changes.);
Delete changes ( Discard Changes.).

Paragraph Boot Override. Allows you to manually select the downloadable OS, in cases where there are more than one hard disk.

Launch EFI Shell From File Allows you to download the OS on the hard disk with external devices. At the same time, it is necessary to use the EFI shell, which should be on removable media.

Troubleshooting BIOS

Most users cannot harm the basic system with their actions. The first problems begin when trying to improve the computer or laptop.

When increasing the number of RAM or installation new video card desirable refresh BIOS. to Samoa new version. This will help avoid hardware incompatibility. Usually in this case, the computer simply refuses to see a new device. After successful "flashing" ROM this problem disappears.

To initialize this procedure, it is necessary to use either internal subprograms, such as Easy Flash.or programs in the OS. On the computer manufacturer's website you need to find more modern. It is also advisable to check whether it will support the installed equipment by reading the version description.

Upgrading the basic system version can lead to incompatibility with already installed equipment, since the ROM has a limited amount and support for new devices is possible only by removing information about outdated information from it. For this reason update BIOS. It is shown only in the case of installing new equipment, and when the computer is stable and the absence of changes in the "prophylactic" reprogramming is not desirable.

During the rewrite procedure should not happen Disconnect the computer from the network. If this happened, restore information The ROM will be very difficult, most likely impossible and then the help of a specialist is necessary. Work on change software The motherboard is repairs, so the user conducts them at their own peril and risk, depriving the guarantee when incorrectly conducted.

When installed password In the basic system and the impossibility of its configuration to restore the computer's performance, the possibility was specially left. hardware reset on factory settings. This feature is associated with the features of the BIOS settings storage. The system itself is written on the ROM, and its settings are in another memory, called CMOS.. To clean it, you should find jumper or jumper Near the battery system Power (For hours when the computer is turned off). Also helps extraction This battery, if it is removable.

Some motherboards allow you to customize the noise made by the cooler thanks regulation Fan revolutions. This is useful when using a PC in the office, where the noise level is quite high, and the tasks performed by the computer will not lead to the overheating of the processor.

For lovers overclocking System components Working with BIOS / UEFI parameters becomes a routine occupation. In advanced versions, you can configure thin voltage and frequency parameters directly through the base system interface. It is understood that the user knows about the consequences of coarse work with these parameters. Usually such settings are available for expensive models processors, motherboards and video cards.

Receipt on sale SSD drives I did not solve problems of working with huge amounts of data that you need to quickly read from hard drives. In this case, technology is used. For this, two or more disks are combined, and the information is distributed according to them according to special algorithms. Thus, you can get a significant increase in speed and reading information. Most of the setup occurs in the BIOS interface.

If you need to open the AMI BIOS settings menu, you need to access it. To do this, during the start of loading the system, press the corresponding key. Depending on the manufacturer of the motherboard, it will be F2, F10 or DEL. It is recommended to press several times to be confident.

Chief section

Consideration of work with AMI BIOS will be carried out on the basis of version 02.61. In general, then the interface was only changed, and the opportunities remained old. Below is presented appearance The main section.

It is allowed to perform some minimum settings. Here you can attribute the task of the date and time, as well as some other points.

Hard disk settings

To be able to start the task of its installations, you need to change the "Type" parameter to the user (by default it is worth AUTO). When this is done, the possibilities for making adjustments are open.

Under Type there are other parameters that can be changed. It should not do this because it significantly reduces the rate of data exchange with hard disk or other indicators.

System Information

A visit to this section will allow you to familiarize yourself with which indicators this device. Specifies the volume of RAM, the frequency of the processor and its type, as well as information about the most bIOS version. The following items are available:

Storage Configuration. The installation of the disk subsystem is carried out here. The most important is the ability to ensure compatibility with old versions of Windows (95 and 98).
Configure SATA AS. Installing two IDE and AHCI modes is available. The task of the second option will allow you to take advantage of new technologies for computer equipment.
Hard Disk Write Protect. Sets the ability to record a hard disk or does not allow such actions.
SATA Detect Time Out. Provides the ability to reduce the time required for loading the operating system. You should not ask too much importance, otherwise you will have to face failures.

Advanced settings

The appearance of this section is presented below.

JumperFree Configuration.

The transition to JumperFree Configuration will allow access to the parameters specifying some important BIOS AMI settings. This includes automatic or manual processor overclocking (AI Overclocking), the memory bus frequency setting (DRAM FREQUENCY), as well as changing the supply voltage (MEMORY VOLTAGE and NB Voltage parameters).

CPU Configuration.

Here are all those parameters that are responsible for changing the settings of the CPU. Additionally, you can specify the information about the device used.

Onboard Devices Configuration.

The parameters of the submitted partition are responsible for the functioning of ports, as well as controllers.

USB Configuration.

Here are funds to change the work. USB connector Devices. For example, you can perform their disconnection.

Power

The BIOS settings are available here, which provide for the installation of power supply voltage parameters for various device elements.

When visiting Hardware Monitor, you can get different information. They relate to the current temperature of the Central Asia, as well as the quantity of the cooling fan speed. It is possible to get acquainted with the indicators of other sensors. It is planned to specify new power values, but it is necessary to do it extremely gently. The following is a screenshot of the screen with the main parameters of the computer.

Boot

The specified section provides for the installation of the device loading features.

There is an opportunity to set a sequence of execution of these events.

Boot Setting Configuration.

Among all the available sections, this one deserves the greatest attention. There are ample opportunities to speed up the OS boot process. Here it is allowed to adjust the following parameters:

Quick Boot. If you perform activation, then when loading the OS will be tested for RAM. Such events make it possible to say about achieving some acceleration.
Full Screen Logo. Allows you to give a picture with information about the characteristics of the device. It will appear during each download.
Add on Rom Display Mode. Gives information regarding other connected devices for which your BIOS is available.
Bootup Num-Lock. Specifies the state in which the key of the same name will be when the device is started.
Security Setting. The security parameters are installed here.
SUPERVISOR PASSWORD. Allows you to make changes to the process of entering the administrator access code to enter the BIOS.

The main parameters are listed, and their full list is somewhat large.

Tools.

The specified section is available to the task of two options, and its appearance itself is represented on the screenshot.

ASUS EZ Flash. Allows you to apply BIOS from external drives.
AI NET. Gives information about the cable connected to the network controller.

EXIT

There are several items that determine the order of exit from the BIOS.

Exit & Save Changes. There will be a way out, and adjustments are saved.
EXIT & Discard Changes. There will be a way out, and adjustments are reset.
Discard Changes. Adjustments are reset.
Load Setup Defaults.. Reset parameters to the status installed by the manufacturer.