How many people watching the TV channel. How do telecast rating determine? TV audience. TV program. Audience of thematic television channels in Russia, thousand years
So, if you are interested in the topic of digital essential television, Most likely, you want to know what channels you will receive if you connect it yourself. I'm right? Then read further) maybe it is not necessary for you?
What is digital TV multiplexes
Today in Russia in dVB T2 format broadcast 20 channels. They are divided into two packages, these are the so-called multiplems. Both packages are free to view, there is no subscription fee. It is enough just to have a TV receiving a DVB T2 signal and.
That's what is broadcasting "Digit" in Russia
The first ten channels (first multiplex)
The first package, or the first multiplex, is generally informational, news and educational channels (scarlet). Here is a list of channels digital television First multiplex:
- First channel
- Russia 1
- Russia 2 Match TV - Channel with sports broadcasts
- Fifth canal
- Russia "Culture"
- Russia 24
- Carousel - children's channel, cartoons, transmission for children
- OTR - Public Television of Russia
The first multiplex runs everywhere where there is digital television.
I do not in vain wrote the time of publication of the article. The fact is that sometimes the composition of the channels changes, on the basis of the competition, which is carried out by the state every year. So in 2016 everything can change.
Just recently, in the second multiplex, there was a replacement and "Sport +" replaced on the entertainment channel "Friday" ... Also the channel "Russia - 2" in the first multiplex was changed to the TV match.
Third Channel Package (Third Multiplex)
And also promise the third multiplex, that's just it will be with subscription board. So I do not think it will have mad popularity. Since, as soon as the essential "digit" becomes paid, it will be easier to stretch the cable with 40+ channels for 120 p. per month.
But what they write on the project about this:
It is still too early to talk about the exact date of the start of broadcasting of the third (regional) multiplex. To begin with, the principles of formation of a regional multiplex at the government level should be defined, after which competitions will be organized to determine the participating channels of the third multiplex. Only after the composition of the third digital package becomes known, RTPs will be able to proceed to its broadcast. It should be noted that this fall, the Government Commission on the Development of Broadcasting has postponed the consideration of the principles of the formation of the Third Multiplex until 2018.
With the increasing popularity of television, the measurement of the ratings of the TV shows turned into a mandatory component of the media content. Not only channels, shareholders and sponsors, but also the TV audience itself are interested in conducting counting and analyzing them.
The first statistics obtained provide the ability to regulate the television policies, while for the audience rating is the lever by which they influence the laws of the world of television. This detailed article will save from questions and will understand how to determine the rating of the TV shows.
Basic concepts of the rating industry
FROM of English language The word "rating" is translated as "score". It represents the percentage obtained from the calculation of the relationship ratio, which look at the specific transmission over a certain period of time, to the total number of the existing audience in general. The ranking of the telecast views is measured only among part of the population over 4 years living in large cities, where the number of inhabitants exceeds the mark of 100 thousand people.
Another professional thermal telecision is a share - this is a clarifying indicator, which is determined based on the relationship between the number of spectators, really looking at the program, and people only included TV in this moment time or aimlessly switchable channels.
The latter group is a potential audience for each specifically taken transmission. The television program and its global success, thus depends on the rating data, and from the calculated share. In the aggregate, they reflect the real addictions and desires of the audience.
Uneven television ratings
The distribution of the real and potential number of viewers when watching gear occurs unevenly, which is associated with many factors. Of great importance is the time of day; Thus, the television program can get into the morning or evening clock Praim Time, when even an inconspicuous broadcast there is a chance to rise to high, because people want to see anything before going to work or on returning from it.
To understand how it is also determined, it is also necessary to take into account that calculus occurs in different ways depending on the type of television: the essential or cable (satellite). In the first version, a person stops his choice on one of about twenty channels, while in the second case - on one of 100, 150 or more! The focus on a certain audience and its tastes, playing in hand to experienced televisers, in turn, also generates differences in the system. Therefore, the rating of entertainment television shows, news, children's programs, "stylish", spectacular talk show does not fall almost never - there are insistent demand for them. Specialists analyze the interests of people and, based on them, adjust the television grid.
Who and for what purpose performs measurements?
The process of calculating rating data in Russia is carried out thanks to the activities of the monopolistic in this area of \u200b\u200bthe organization TNS Gallup-Media. This company is engaged in the measurement in all areas of the media: broadcasting, Internet, magazines and newspapers. The information received is the only ones that are official.
Why does "Gallup" do it? Obviously to benefit. Rating is a kind of television currency, closely related to advertising and interesting, first of all, for the advertiser. Television and television shows are airtime sellers and serve to attract spectator attention, therefore advertising agencies wishing to promote their products should not be mistaken with the choice. In this case, it helps the mathematical statistics called by the rating. It allows you to draw conclusions about the profitability of the purchase of a specific television brand and investing in it. money In order to promote its goods within advertising during the progress period of a specific program.
Types of received information and media planning
The measurement occurs in the row of science of sociology and is divided into 2 categories: identifying actual and forecast data. The first type allows you to draw conclusions about the actual television of a particular program and its success in the population. It is determined immediately after the end end of the transfer.
The forecast rating is intended, focused on advertising agents, but is necessary and television users. The first of this type of data is needed to plan your own long-term campaigns, the latter - in order to identify the potential possible success of the transmission, depending on which it will be purchased first, and then exhibited in the ethereal grid in a specific place at a specific time.
Often, forecasting is based on the data of past results and results, but is carried out both through the activities of research organizations and, if desired, the channels themselves.
But still, regardless of the type, how to determine the rating? TV shows and people seemingly many, and ask everyone about television flavors - an easy task. However, everything is carried out much easier - by already proven ways, often with the help of modern technologies.
How the television rating is calculated: economical measurement option
The "viewer diaries" are used as other research methods, as part of the general collection of information from the panel sampling of households, where there is at least one working television.
For telecision, one or more cities are selected, which are divided into polling stations. They choose households, and for more diversity, the families under study are stratified - divided into groups on one or several unifying characteristics (classes of classes, financial position, etc.).
The diary is a table where the vertical column means either television channels, or transmissions - depending on whether the rating of which should be revealed, and the horizontal is the time of day, broken into the intervals of 15 minutes. The material is issued to all members of the family's research (household), and everyone fills it depending on their personal audience addictions.
TV meters
They are electronic counters. They are special computing devices that allow you to install and register, which cumulative number of TVs and radio receivers was configured to a specific period of time on a certain wave.
This "smart" mechanism is another component of how the television rating determines, and makes it possible to identify the start of viewing the transmission up to a second.
The sensor is built into the receiver. When using a device with a particular member of the household, registration is required, carried out by pressing the special, fixed for each person in the family, the button on the remote control. After this action, the electronic counter will start automatically counting all switchable channels and television programs produced on a particular TV, after which at night the collected information about the television will be transferred to the Moscow data processing center.
The main disadvantage of the device is a binding to the stationary home phonewhich many have no or in general, or into a specific period of time (for example, in the summer in the country).
Also used surveys and telephone polls.
Creative ideas and new approaches
Innovative methods and solutions for calculating rating data were proposed repeatedly. For example, the American company has released a device capable of automatically fixing the face turned towards the television. This idea was rejected by the population considered the introduction similar device In the house not only with interference in a personal life, but also an insufficient basis for finding conclusions, because a person simply addressed to the TV is always directly looking to the transmission.
The already mentioned organization "Gallup", together with the country leading in the United States, the rating analysis company has developed a device, an externally resembling a pager. It is regularly worn by the test respondent and with the highest possible accuracy records information about watching television programs both during the person's stay at home and beyond.
Ogrekh and inaccuracy measurements
Most of the listed methods are used in aggregate, but researchers note the imperfection of each of them. The "teleplay diaries", although they are a more common and cheap measurement type, reflect far from accurate results, contain significant errors.
Electronic devices are more expensive and access to them The respondent is not always available, because most devices are tied to home televisions. There is no viewing of television programs in the place of work of people or on various entertainment sites. Also, a person may not watch the transmission in reality, but to turn it on only for the background. In addition, surveys completely ignore the population of small cities and villages, while their inhabitants can have their own television preferences.
However, all these false or incomplete data are still counted as real. Why? Because today these existing options - The only possibility of channel directors to make more or less real conclusions about which programs prefers to look at the viewer.
Ups and downs
Ratings are largely similar to exchange rates in view of its impermanence. Any external causes can drastically change the situation within the entire business. Usually, the absolute change in the picture is provoked by world or domestic political unrest, when most residents resort to the help of news programs for orientation in a situation where the ratings of these gears grow significantly.
The same situation is observed in serious climatic and natural anomalies: so, a few years ago, a strong earthquake of 5.8, a strong earthquake of magnitude 5.8, followed by a hurricane "Irene", which was rolled by the airports and public transport. At this time, the ratings of the weather transfers increased more than 3 times, and in some states that the most serious destruction fell, this figure was even higher.
Thus, any instability external world It may lead to serious changes in the rating system. The task of competent media planners and television drivers is to quickly react on sharp, jump-like drops and adjust the ether to actual queries.
As Some viewers of the Soviet hardening say: "There are no TV channels." Perhaps, they are right, because the main federal TV channels are considered the first two - the first channel and Russia 1. Basically, the older generation gives its preference to the second channel, since the transmissions overlooking its ether are directed to the older television audience. But here, as elsewhere, there are exceptions.
TV channel Russia 1. Saturday evening
This is a weekly concert-entertainment program, reminiscent of the well-known Blue Spark. The TV show is removed in the studio on a shabolovka. Tables in the cozy institution are sitting by all famous artists, actors of theater and cinema, politicians, athletes, etc. They tell different funny storiesAnd also execute. This program Recommended for viewing to everyone who loves stupid a cozy evening in a relaxed home environment. Leading "Saturday evening" - Nikolay Baskov and Oksana Fedorov.
TV channel Russia 1. "Good night, kids"
This is one of the longest on Russian television. "Good night, kids" goes on ether from September 1, 1964. In 2014, the program will celebrate its 50th anniversary. "Good night, kids" is a project designed for children of preschool and younger school age. It is curious that currently the ratings of this transmission are practically not inferior to the ratings of early issues. The main characters are the dog of Phil, the hare Stepashka, Crane Karcash and the Mishutka Bear. Not so long ago, the ether was removed by everyone's favorite piggy, because, according to an open letter of Muslims, he insults their religious feelings.
TV channel Russia 1. "Sunday evening with Vladimir Solovyov"
"Sunday evening" is a copyright show. This teleproject bears the status of a socio-political television. His presenter is a famous Russian journalist Vladimir Soloviev. The program addresses the most acute political issues and discusses the topical problems of modern Russia. The first way out has come for 2005. Then the teleproject went on the NTV channel under the charismatic name "to the barrier!", But in 2008 the transmission is untimely. Rehabilitors "Sunday evening" managed only in September 2012 and already on. The main time of the broadcasting program is Sunday, but especially sharp and urgent issues can be broadcast among the week.
TV channel Russia 1. "Direct Ether"
"Straight Ether" is a public current show, leaving on the second channel from Monday to Friday. It is believed that this teleproject is a direct analogue of the Talk show Andrei Malakhov "Let them say", leaving on the first channel. Themes for discussion in the "live broadcast" can be any situations: current political problems, loud crimes, terrible car accidents and other events that cause public resonance. In a studio " Direct ether»Professional experts, as well as politicians, artists
It remains quite a bit before the battle of the 21st century, after a few hours the disputes of many people will be solved, and the question will be rated "Who will win the Dagestan athlete, an example of imitation for all guys in the republic and not only, Habib Nurmagomedov, or an Irish loan, fun and very indispensable Conor McGregor? ".
This historical battle can be viewed on the channel match TV and the power of TV, and it will begin in the period from 5:00 to 7:00 Moscow time, or even a little later. No one can call the exact time because it depends on how quickly the previous participants of the UFC tournament 229 will be completed. Habib and Conor go to octave the latest and arrange a world show for sports lovers.
Today, someone will break the kush, and someone will lose their money, since the rate will only take those who guessed the outcome of the battle, because only one winner will be released from octagon. Who will it be? We find out in a few hours and we will talk about it and watch again for many years. We wish good luck to all fighters and all fans !!!
Fight completed. Habiba Nurmagomedov's victory.
Link to battle video -
Digital Essential Television - newest technology encoding and transmitting sound and video by means of digital channels. The signal is transmitted in DVB-T2 format, which allows you to view a large number of TV channels for free even in the most distant settlements of Russia.
Today, residents of Moscow and the area are available 30 channels divided into three multiplex programs for 10 programs.
DVB-T2 digital television channel frequencies
Each of the three multiplexes is configured to different frequency. The first multiplex is broadcast at a frequency of 546 MHz, the second - 498 MHz, the third - 578 MHz. So to view everyone free software An overvoyage or decimeter antenna is needed, operating in the private band of 470-860 MHz. In the suburbs, it may be necessary to install an antenna with an amplifier, the opportunity to improve even the most weak signalcoming from Ostaneino or Retail Retail.
In the case when the antenna connects to a morally outdated TV, will additionally need an external tuner operating in DVB-T2 format.
To configure the Moscow mesh programs on the TV, you need to search for 24, 30 and 34 channels, the first, second and third multiplexes, respectively.
List of essential television channels for 2019
The first group of programs approved by the Decree of the President of Russia includes the channels of the federal significance. The second multiplex includes entertainment and informative transfers. The third multiplex is translated in test only from the Ostankino Tower (the range of up to 100 km), and the list of transmissions available to free viewingmay change up to their finally approval.
| Logo | room | Name | Genre | Frequency | Genre | Video format | Audio format |
| First multiplex | |||||||
 |
30 | First | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Russia 1 | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 30 | Match | Federal | 546 MHz | Sport | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
30 | NTV. | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Petersburg 5. | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Russia K. | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Russia 24 | news | 546 MHz | news | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Carousel | Childish | 546 MHz | Childish | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | OTR | Public television of Russia | 546 MHz | Public television | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 30 | TV center | Federal | 546 MHz | Federal | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
30 | Will FM | Radio | 546 MHz | Radio | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
30 | Lighthouse | Radio | 546 MHz | Radio | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 30 | Radio Russia | Radio | 546 MHz | Radio | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| Second multiplex | |||||||
| 24 | Ren TV | Federal | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 24 | Savage | Religion | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 24 | STS | Entertaining | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 24 | Home | Entertaining | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
24 | TV3. | Entertaining | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 24 | Friday | Entertaining | 498MHz. | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
24 | Star | Historical | 498MHz. | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 24 | PEACE | Channel CIS | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 24 | TNT | Films | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 24 | Muz TV | Music | 498 MHz | 3/4 | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| Third Multiplex (Channels are broadcast according to the schedule) | |||||||
 |
34 | Sport 1. | Sport | 578 MHz | Round the clock | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 34 | Sport 2. | Sport | 578 MHz | 00: 00-06: 00 (42 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 34 | Fight club | Sport | 578 MHz | 06: 00-12: 00 (42 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
| 34 | My planet | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 12: 00-18: 00 (42 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
34 | Science 2.0. | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 18: 00-00: 00 (42 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Russian Roman | Films | 578 MHz | 00: 00-05: 00 (35 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Russian Bestseller | Films | 578 MHz | 05: 00-10: 00 (35 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Russian detective | Films | 578 MHz | 10: 00-15: 00 (35 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | History | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 15:00 - 20:00 (35 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Cartoon | Childish | 578 MHz | 20: 00-00: 00 (35 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Sarafan. | Diverse | 578 MHz | 00: 00-12: 00 (84 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 34 | Country | Diverse | 578 MHz | 12: 00-00: 00 (84 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
34 | Living Planet. | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 00: 00-06: 00 (42 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | IQ HD. | Information | 578 MHz | 06: 00-09: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | 24 dock | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 09: 00-12: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Techno 24. | Scientific and educational | 578 MHz | 12: 00-15: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Mum | TV channel for moms and children | 578 MHz | 15: 00-18: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 34 | NST | Films | 578 MHz | 18: 00-21: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
34 | Amusement park | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 21: 00-00: 00 (21 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Moscow Trust | Information | 578 MHz | 00: 00-12: 00 (84 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Euronews. | news | 578 MHz | 12: 00-00: 00 (84 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 34 | Music first | Music | 578 MHz | 08: 30-01: 30 (119 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
34 | Home Cinema | Films | 578 MHz | 01: 30-02: 30 (7 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Time | news | 578 MHz | 02: 30-04: 30 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Cameca | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 04: 30-06: 30 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Beaver | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 06: 30-08: 30 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | 365 | Information | 578 MHz | 00: 00-02: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | TNT comedy | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 02: 00-04: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Many TV | Films | 578 MHz | 04: 00-06: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | HD Life (SD Quality) | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 06: 00-08: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Sport 1. | Diverse | 578 MHz | 08: 00-10: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | India TV. | Films | 578 MHz | 10: 00-12: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Fighter | Sport | 578 MHz | 12: 00-14: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Comedy | Films | 578 MHz | 14: 00-16: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
| 34 | La Minor | Music | 578 MHz | 16: 00-18: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. | |
 |
34 | Male cinema | Films | 578 MHz | 18: 00-20: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Kitchen TV. | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 20: 00-22: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Auto Plus | Entertaining | 578 MHz | 22: 00-00: 00 (14 hours / week) | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
 |
34 | Life News. | news | 578 MHz | Round the clock | MPEG4. | MPEG2. |
List of essential analog channels Moscow and region
Currently, 19 television broadcasts with Ostankino essential canals in analog format. In the future, with full transition to the digital broadcast format, these channels will be disabled.