Popular programmers. Who is the best programmer in the world? What country are the best developers in specific areas

Linus Torvalds, Donald Knut, Richard Stallman, John Karmak - What is not a name, then legend. Internet edition VentureBeat List of the most authoritative programmers in the world IT community.

Linus Torvalds.

Created Linux free operating system, in the hostel room of Helsinki University. Today, Linux employs data centers and supercomputers, and its development is engaged in the Horde of Open-Source fans worldwide.

Torvalds is known, in particular, by the fact that the word in his pocket does not climb and is not trying to like the public. At one of the recent performances, when he was asked from the hall, he does not scare off by his manner of communication of the members of the Linux community, he replied: "I don't care about you." About Torvalds in the environment of developers walk the same jokes as among the ordinary people about Chuck Norris. For example, Torvalds can divide on zero and play 3D games, using their source code in real-time thoughts.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee

The only thing in this list, who managed to earn the knighthood - the British Queen of Elizabeth II was erected in the knights. He is the Creator of the Hypertext Transmission Protocol (HTTP), the technology on which the entire Internet is built.

Now he heads the Alliance for affordable Internet, the public organization that Google, Facebook and Microsoft is supported, and which set the goal to make broadband Internet access to people around the world.

Donald Knut.

Academic work on computer sciences brought him the title of "Father Analysis of Algorithms". All on the network, from the selection algorithm to Facebook tape to the algorithm for the selection of similar products on Amazon, something is required. In his 77 he writes a book called "Art of Computer Programming". Knut is also an honorary professor in Stenford.

Brendan Aik

The Creator of the JavaScript programming language, which is standard for web programming. Participated in the creation of Mozilla, a company that develops browser Firefox.. From the post of CEO, when it became aware of his material support for the project to ban gay marriages in California.

Solomon Hike

The creator of Docker, the technology that developers adore, because it packs the application with all its surroundings in the containers and delivers it to servers. Works, as virtual machine, but much faster. Docker began like Side-Project in DotCloud, but when it turned out that the product is popular, the company has experienced Pivot and soon turned into a "unicorn".

Mark Zuckerberg

Facebook creator. It believes that the smaller the flexible team, the more successful it will work. A billionth social network serves "total" 10,000 people around the world.

David Heineeer Hanson

Known as DHH. The creator of Ruby on Rails, a superpopular framework, which brought him the title and the Google Award "Hacker of the Year" in 2005.

Richard Stallman

It is primarily known for the struggle for free software, the founder of GNU, the author of the idea of \u200b\u200bthe "copileft" - in contrast to copywriter. Very fundamental, does not use any proprietary developments.

Brem Cohen

The Creator of the BitTorrent protocol, which presented users with the possibility of super-fast file download. BitTorrent is incredibly popular: by modest estimates, its common user base is 250 million people worldwide. Last year, Tom York tried to distribute the album exclusively through BitTorrent. And yet, BitTorrent features primarily appreciated Internet pirates.

James Gosling

Created a Java programming language by operating in Sun Microsystems. After the absorption of Oracle in 2010, the Gosling quit, becoming one of the main critics of Oracle. Since then, he worked for five months in Google, until he joined the startup Liquid Robotics. Also included in the team of the famous Ukrainian startup JELASTIC as an independent director.

Björn Sturastrup

The Danish programmer in 1978 created C ++ programming language, improving C. It still works actively: teaches at the University of Texas A & M, Colombian University, and else busy in Morgan Stanley.

John Karmak

Coordinator ID Software. In the whole world, he knows how the doom creator. By the way, the very idea of \u200b\u200bthe game was born during the party in the D & D, which the team spent at the headquarters ID Software regularly for several years. And the game master has always been John. He first tried the tricks of 3D graphics, which are still used.

Now he is busy at Oculus VR, which Facebook bought for $ 2 billion.

Programmers

Being a specialist, a programmer specializes in the subject area that covers knowledge, skills and skills that one self-taught person is able to qualitatively. The latitude of the subject area and the quality of the skills for the programmer is individual. They depend on labor experience, education, intellect, innate inclinations, willpower, social dedication.

Programmers - Specialists in the field computer equipment, modern software, automation of production and other processes.
Programmer - A person's profession engaged in the development of algorithms and programs based on mathematical models.

Conditionally programmers can be divided into three categories:

Application programmers Engage in the development of software necessary for the organization of the organization. For example, here can include 1C programmers.
System programmers Develop operating systems, interfaces to distributed databases, work with networks. Specialists of this category are the most rare and highly paid.
Web programmers deal with networks, but, as a rule, with global, such as the Internet. They write Web interfaces to databases, create dynamic web pages, etc.

The most famous programmers of the world

On September 12 (13), the professional holiday of programmers is celebrated around the world. This is the 256th day of the year, selected as a symbol of the eight-bit byte, allowing you to express the identical number of values. In Russia, the programmer's day was the official holiday in 2009.

Before the official holiday appeared, the programmer's Day was celebrated on different days. For example, July 19 - when the first programmer Ada Augustus Lovelace , Mathematics from the UK, Byron's daughter, the first programs for the analytical Machine of Bebadja, thereby laying the theoretical frameworks of programming. She first introduced the concept of the operation cycle. In one of the notes, the main thought was expressed that the analytical machine could solve such tasks that are almost impossible to be solved by manually calculating. So for the first time the car was considered not only as a mechanism replacing a person, but also as a device that can perform work exceeding human capabilities.

John von Neuman The Hungarian-American mathematician has made an important contribution to many industries of science, such as quantum physics, functional analysis and computer science. With the name of Nimanan, the architecture of most modern computers, implying joint storage of programs and data for them in the memory of the computing machine. In recent years, life has been mainly engaged in the development of issues related to the theory of games, the theory of automata.

Computer specialist Dennis Ritchi It is known for participating in the creation of BCPL, B, C programming languages, Altran extensions for the FortRan programming language. C and Fortran languages \u200b\u200bwere widely popular in applied tasks, many later programming languages \u200b\u200bwere developed on the C language database. Ritchi also participated in the development of MultiCS and UNIX operating systems.

Björn Sturastrup - The author of the C ++ programming language is one of the most widely used programming languages \u200b\u200bdeveloped on the basis of C. Sturastrup has become a pioneer in the use of object-oriented programming, which allows you to create large-scale projects in a short time, distributing the tasks between the participants and using previously developed solutions. Based on C ++, several modern programming languages \u200b\u200bhave been developed.

Alexey Pasitov - Soviet programmer and inventor world-famous and beloved all games "Tetris". From 1996 to 2005, Pasytov worked at Microsoft, where he was engaged in the development of Pandora's puzzles "S Box. In 2007 and in 2009, Game Developers CHOICE Awards First Penguin Award was awarded.

Evgeny Kaspersky - Russian programmer, specialist in information security, one of the founders, the leading developer and the largest shareholder of Caspersky Laboratory CJSC. It is also a laureate of the State Prize in Science and Technology for 2008. He is the author of a large number of articles and reviews on the problem of computer virology, regularly performs specialized seminars and conferences in Russia and abroad.

One of the co-founders of the search company "Yandex" Ilya Segalovich . Russian programmer, director of technologies and developments, as well as an active participant and organizer of the help of orphans and sick children. Died on July 23, 2013.

In 1992 Boris Nuraliev Together with Brother - Sergey Nuraliev, created the 1C accounting program. In 1996, the company headed by him released the system "1C: Enterprise," began to develop computer games. In 2005, the company "1C" entered the top three leaders in the Russian market for integrated enterprises management systems.

Computers - what are they only not,
And became fashionable word "Internet",
Century of programmers - the 21st century,
Reached the vertices of science man!
Programmers - the people are amazing
Modern and smart people,
They have everything and always relatively
Virtually seeks forward.

They managed to create legendary products that changed the world, and shock up mankind. The top of the richest programmers of the world opens our compatriot.

5th place - Pavel Durov. The eccentric creator of the social network "VKontakte" and the Telegram Messenger of the Telegram (he is only 33 years old), but is already fabulous. Forbes estimates his condition of 1.7 billion dollars - you can buy 60 thousand one-bedroom apartments for this money in Novosibirsk.

Paul became interested in programming at 11 years old and applied his knowledge for hooliganism. Once he changed the screensaver on all school computers in the photo of the computer science teacher with the signature "Must die." His main brainchild, the social network "VKontakte", Paul created in 2006 after exploring American Facebook. Today "VK" is the most visited site in RuNet.

In 2014, Pavel Durov emigrated abroad. After the sale of VKontakte, he engaged in the development of the Telegram messenger. In 2017, it was not afraid to enter into a major conflict with Roskomnadzor, refusing to issue the keys to decrypt the correspondence. War with variable success of both parties is still underway.

4th place - Linus Torvalds. The Finno-American programmer and Hacker created the famous Linux - the core of the GNU / Linux operating system, which is today the most common from the free OS. Torvalds shares the ideology of an open source code, and everyone who wants to have access to the Linux code for improving this product.

On September 17, 1991, the source code of the program launted for publicly available loading caused a real excitement among thousands of programmers. All began to improve the OS and share their results. Now only about 2% of the Linux system kernel is written by Torvalds himself, but there is a decision on making changes to the official nucleus branch. In honor of Linus Torvalds, asteroid was called, and Time magazine recognized him with one of the most influential people.

3 place - Sergey Brin. The co-founder of the Google Empire, according to the results of 2017, took the 13th line in the Forbes list with a state of 47.5 billion dollars. Brin was born in Moscow in 1973 in the family of mathematicians. At the six-year-old age, Sergey, together with his parents, moved to the United States, but still speaks Russian.

In 1998, Brin, together with another graduate student, Larry Page founded google company. Now Google manages more than a million servers worldwide and processes more than a billion daily. search queries and 24 petabytes of user data. Companies belong to such "Monsters" as YouTube and Android OS.

2nd place - Mark Zuckerberg. The developer of the biggest social network In the world - Facebook. Also owns the social network Instagram and Messenger WhatsApp. Mark called himself a hacker by calling. A 25-year programmer has become one of the youngest billionaires. In 2017, his condition increased to $ 71 billion.

Zuckerberg is characterized by unusual features - so, it is eating meat only those animals that killed own hands. Mark is distinguished by perseverance - for example, marrying on an American Chinese origin, he set himself a task to learn Chinese and successfully coped with it. Despite its wealth, the billionaire leads the usual Volkswagen Golf GTI, and is also considered the most tasteless dressed in the Silicon Valley resident.

1st place - Bill Gates. In the 1990s, his name became nominal - so called successful rich people. In 1996, Gates turned into a richest man of the planet. As of 2017, Gates ranking a second line in the Forbes ranking, possessing 90 billion dollars.

At the age of 13, Bill wrote his first program - the game "Captitions-Noliki" in the programming language Basic. At the age of 15, he hacked a computer to extend the expired time of work, and was over the summer all summer. By the end elementary school The bad behavior of Gates began to worry his parents and teachers so much that he was directed to a psychiatrist.

In 1975, he founded Microsoft, which turned into a giant for software development and gave the world of Windows.

Among the tourists, programmers are now a respected profession. After all, without them, there would be no "iPhones" and Facebook, they create cool companies and they are among few, in Ukraine is tied to the dollar. And who is popular directly among IT specialists? VentureBeat List of legendary programmers who enjoy in the world IT community with the greatest authority.

Linus Torvalds. Created Linux, free operating system, in the Helsinki University Dormitory Room. Today, Linux employs data centers and supercomputers, and its development is engaged in Freeware fans worldwide.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee "The only one in this list, who managed to earn the knighthood - the British queen of Elizabeth II was erected in the knights. He is the Creator of the Hypertext Transmission Protocol (HTTP), the technology on which the entire Internet is built.

Now he is headed by the Alliance for the available Internet, the public organization that Google, Facebook and Microsoft is supported, and which setsted the goal of making broadband Internet access to people around the world.

Donald Knut.. His academic work on computer sciences brought him the title of "Father Analysis of Algorithms". All on the network, from the selection algorithm to Facebook tape to the algorithm for the selection of similar products on Amazon, something is obliged to him. He is already 77, but it still works. Now he writes a book called "Art of Computer Programming". He is also an honorary professor in Stenford.

Brendan Aik, the creator of the JavaScript programming language, which is standard for web programming. Participated in the creation of Mozilla, a company that develops a Firefox browser. From the post of CEO, when it became aware of his material support for the project to ban gay marriages in California.

Solomon Hike, Creator Docker, technology that developers adore, because it packs the code into the containers and delivers it to the servers. Works as a virtual machine, but much faster. Docker began like Side-Project in DotCloud, but when it turned out that the product is popular, the company has experienced Pivot and soon turned into a "unicorn".

Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook creator. that the smaller the flexible team, the more successful it will work. A billionth social network serves "total" 10,000 people around the world.

David Heineeer Hanson, known as DHH. The creator of Ruby On Rails, a superpopular framework, who brought him the title and award award "Hacker of the Year" in 2005.

Richard Stallman, First of all, the struggle for the free software, the founder of GNU, the author of the idea of \u200b\u200bthe "Copilyft" - in contrast to copywriter. Very fundamental, does not use any proprietary developments.

Brem Cohen, CREATOR OF BITTORRENT protocol, who has presented users with the possibility of super-fast file loading. BitTorrent is incredibly popular, by modest estimates, its common user base is 250 million people worldwide. Last year, Tom York tried to distribute the album exclusively through BitTorrent. And yet, BitTorrent features primarily appreciated Internet pirates.

James Gosling, Creator of the Java programming language. But you know that. What you may not know is that James is a famous Ukrainian startup Jelastic as an independent director.

Biern Sturastrup, Danish programmer. In 1978, he created C ++ programming language, improving C. It still actively works: teaches at the University of Texas A & M, Colombian University, and still busy in Morgan Stanley.

John Karmak, Ronator ID SOFTWARE. All over the world, he knows how the creator doom. By the way, the very idea of \u200b\u200bthe game was born during the party in the D & D, which the team spent at the headquarters ID Software regularly for several years. And the game master has always been John. He first tried the tricks of 3D graphics, which are still used.

Now he is busy at Oculus VR, which is $ 2 billion.

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According to HackerRank, a platform with a half-winning audience, on which programmers compete in solving tasks, following the results of 2017, Russia ranked second after China in the rating of the strongest programmers and holds absolute leadership in the development of algorithms. But the most impressive results show Russian students who split everyone in the fluff and dust at international competitions and championships.

Since 2000, Russia has received 32 gold medals at the International Student ICPC Sports Championship, leaving far behind China with 13 medals and the USA - with six.

What makes Russian IT specialists in demand and successful?

Lithmo-1 (1958) was the first universal electronic digital machine for engineering calculations, contained 850 electronic lamps, produced 100 operations per second and had 2048 bytes of memory.
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Continuity

From the Soviet Union of Modern Russia got strong mathematical school. Soviet scientists committed revolutionary breakthroughs in technical and natural science areas - just remember the names of Peter Kapitsa, Igor Kurchatov, Lion Landau.

After the collapse of the USSR in the nineties, IT specialists were in great demand. Programming was almost the only professional sphere in which it was possible to earn. Well savvy mathematics to master programming simply, because computer science is a practical application of mathematics. Therefore, informatics in Russia, although with the intake, also became a developed area of \u200b\u200bscience and practice.

Magnis from school

Russian schoolchildren already with primary classes solve many tasks in which several steps are needed in the head. OSE to our disciples gives both a ban on the use of a calculator in the lessons and the Olympiads. In France and the United States to simplify their calculations permitted from the third class.

In addition, our schoolchildren are pretty early to operate with abstract concepts. For example, the polynomials are already in high school. The numbers are the concept of imaginable, but (a + b) 2 is much more complicated. It requires an abstract thinking skill.

Russia is also well developed by a special school system, lyceums with a physical and mathematical bias, separation on specialization in high school. Olympiads have already helped with a school bench to take away and send talented guys to the best universities of the country. Passing the stages of the All-Russian School Olympiad, students train on complex tasks and receive the experience of rivalry with the best. As a result - already at the school stage of international competitions in computer science and physics, Russian guys show outstanding results.

Everyone who is fond of sports programming is well known the name Gennady Korotkiewicz. It is the most titled Olympic programmer in the world and takes the first line in the coder ranking on the CodeForces platform. At first, Korotkhevich was the most young absolute winner of the International Olympiad of Schoolchildren on IOI Informatics from Belarus, and later entered the Russian university and in 2013 and 2015 at the ICPC Student World Championship in the University of ITMO won the absolute gold. Korothevich also won a multiple "Yandex. Algorithm", VK Cup, Google Code Cup and many other competitions.

Students of the ITMO University - six-time absolute champions 2015 Programming World / Wikipedia Photo
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Universities

A great contribution to the preparation of the strongest IT-personnel in Russia is made by universities: MIPT, SPbSU, ITMO University, Moscow State University. Lomonosova, Saratovsky state University, Ural Federal University. Universities conduct programming competitions. In Moscow, the MFTI IT Education Center is held by the International Festival of Moscode Festival. The Championship of the Urals on sports programming is held annually, regular competitions are held in St. Petersburg, as well as in small cities like Kovrov.

In Russia and the countries of the former USSR since the beginning of the 2000s, regular training competitions are held: educational fees in Petrozavodsk, the open Cup named after E. V. Pankratyev under programming. And since 2012, first on the MIPT campus, and now in Vladivostok, Grodno, Barcelona and Collama (India) began to be held by Moscow Workshops ICPC, where student teams come out to prepare for ICPC programming Olympic Games. To date, 167 universities of 50 countries have already been attended. The results of the bootcampach training are impressive - 10 of the 13 winners of the ICPC 2018 final championship were preparing at Moscow Workshops ICPC. Local history of Russian butcamps turned into global Network And it does not look like analogs in other countries.

The basic programs and abroad are generally similar, but the level of students is also important. We have so strict selection in many universities that there are unique in terms of group. For example, in the MIPT passing score on the exam for many years - 94, which is on a par with MGIMO makes it the most complex university for admission to Russia. Past selection guys get in-depth education and work a lot in teams. The ability to work in a team well fixed by fiztech is an important skill in business. Now leading universities of Russia, among which, for example, HSE and the ITMO University, are actively developing entrepreneurial competences of students. MFTI moves towards technological entrepreneurship, and many guys continue to work in the teams that have developed during their studies. This is important because at the stage of searching for investors, one of the key questions is "who your team" and "how the interaction is happening in it."

A bright example is LookSery Inc, founded by Victor Shaburov, whose team has developed a popular application adding masks to people's faces in video mode. The core of the company was the participants of the same team on the Olympiad programming. After only three years since the creation, in 2015, they sold it Snapchat for $ 150 million. Shaburov is now actively supporting training programs for schoolchildren and students. Recently, he organized the Botan Investments Foundation and opened a grant program for teachers in the field of machine learning.

In the Moscow company, the developer of the Algorithms of the AIM Tech trading, which Ilya Sedoshkin was founded by WORLD FINALS ICPC medalists from MFTA: Renat Himadeev, Alexander Ostanin, Konstantin Semenov and others. This is an area where the speed of transactions is valued. And the speed and algorithms are what is particularly well studied in sports programming.

Technological entrepreneurship has affected banks that are now increasingly turning into IT companies. For example, the IPavlov project based on machine learning technologies is developing automatic chat for Sberbank of Russia.

IT corporations and their wards

The coordinated work of universities and support from IT companies have formed a programming culture in our country. Business together with universities organizes learning programsThereby introduces new competencies and model of business processes that universities are introduced into educational activities. Among the companies supporting IT education in the country: Yandex, Jetbrains, Mail.Ru Group, "1C", Tinkoff Bank, Sberbank and others.

For example, Jetbrains develops undergraduate program at the Department of Mathematical and information technologies In St.bau, as well as jointly with Acronis - Magistracy in MIPT. Mail.Ru Group organized five educational programs on Web- and mobile development, artificial intellect and highly loaded projects: "Technopark" with MSTU them. N. E. Bauman, "Technosphere" with the faculty of computational mathematics and cybernetics of Moscow State University. Lomonosov, Tehnotrek with MFTI, Technopolis with SPBPU and "Technoatom" with MEPhI.

Yandex has created a lot of educational programs, such as "School of Data Analysis" for undergraduates and graduates of technical specialties. Yandex also established a scholarship for the Olympiants, who learn from the first year of the Faculty of Computer Sciences HSE.

Companies draw foots from a student environment. The development of "VKontakte" is very close to the Olympiad approach in solving tasks, because its creators from school were in this system. For example, software development Nikolai Durov's social network was engaged in Nikolai Durov, two-time winner of the ICPC programming championship from St. Petersburg State University, and his teammate Andrei Lopatin coach, the Moscow Workshops ICPC coach, who trained the Victorious SPbSU teams. And now in Vkontakte, ICPC champions Dmitry Egorov and Pavel Kunyavsky work.

Abroad, the company also help students, but they are distinguished by working, effective programs. Yandex created a relatively simple to use the Yandex.Contest platform, where programming competitions are held. There are universities teachers who can download their tasks themselves. Check is automated, and therefore unbiased, and it helps regional universities in the system of preparation of leading programmers.

Disability of Russians

Champions of international competitions are guys who worked very much since the school. For example, in the MIPT team, one of the participants had a medal of the International School Olympiad in Informatics. The other for six years in the university, in addition to study, has paid training for several hours a day, traveled to countless championships, training fees.

At the competitions themselves, students overcome large psychological overloads. The most complex tasks, a short time and strong rivals are still Polbie. At the ICPC Championship, for example, the guys are located both under a microscope: they are constantly removed by the camera, the screen with the code is broadcast on the Internet. Those who withstand the burden in stressful situations at work already feel much more confident.

freedom

The IT industry in Russia and the world develops in many ways independently, according to the principle "survives the most effective". There is no difference from where you, if your algorithms speed up the processes and make the system work faster and cheaper. Therefore, programming is the thing in which a person can succeed in Russia and abroad. Russian programmers, contrary to the problem, are far from always want to emigrate. Rather, they are looking for interesting tasks for themselves, who are much now in Yandex, in Vkontakte and in startups.

Teachers

In the sphere IT in Russia and the world, a large lack of personnel. Therefore, what country or the region neither take the average salary of the IT specialist will be higher than in other industries. According to Headhunter, the average salary in the field of IT in Russia is 88,246 rubles with an average of 45,640 rubles in Russia. In the United States, according to GlassDoor, the average IT specialist salary in terms of rubles is about 330,000 per month. In the UK, the programmer's salary is 31,901 pound sterling per year (about 220,000 rubles per month). In Switzerland, according to Swissinfo, programmers receive an average of 4608 Swiss francs (about 230,000 rubles per month). But when working with statistics, it is necessary to understand that the price level in other countries will also vary significantly, the amount of the ruble rate is influenced in relation to other currencies. Also in many foreign countries The level of taxes strongly reduces the real salary, which actually operates the worker.

High salaries in the field of IT is not the whole picture. Programmers from leading universities praise immediately after the release and even earlier - companies are trying to ensure the loyalty of future specialists from school benches. And this trend is not only in Russia. The silicone valley lacks qualified programmers. California has become popular for a few months on programming programming for graduates of local colleges, because students after release can not write code.

It would seem, you just need to prepare more graduates, but is someone else to do? And salaries in education are lower than in companies. It is in the IT industry a big gap, which causes the outflow of high-quality teachers. It turns out that the next generation is some kind of cooking. Therefore, a bigger role is that people are involved and remain in the profession, there are again the culture of programming. In Europe and the United States, it is not as well developed, and we managed to involve a sufficient number of people in this system. So that success in the field of IT continues to continue, it is necessary to increase the prestige of IT education, to popularize this kind of activity.